Aim To investigate the effects of Y-IP5 on morphine-induced behavioral sensitization and CPP in mice.Methods Locomotor activity was detected after Y-IP5 administration or co-administration of Y-IP5 with morphine in mice.Mice were treated with morphine to induce behavioral sensitization. Then the effects of Y-IP5 on the development, transfer and expression of morphine-induced behavioral sensitization were investigated. Mice were treated with morphine to induce CPP. Then the effect of Y-IP5 on the acquisition of morphine-induced CPP was studied.Results Y-IP5 itself didn′t influence locomotor activity of mice.Co-administration of Y-IP5 with morphine inhibited morphine-induced hyperactivity (P<0.05) and the development of morphine-induced behavioral sensitization in mice (P<0.05), however, did not influence the transfer and expression of morphine-induced behavioral sensitization.Co-administration of Y-IP5 with morphine also inhibited the acquisition of morphine-induced CPP (P<0.05).Conclusion Y-IP5 may inhibit the psychological dependence induced by morphine.

The professional competency of medical informatics graduates from China Medical University in 1992-2011 was investigated, the requirements of employers for their professional competency were analyzed, and the current medical informatics curriculum system was evaluated with suggestions put forward for the reform of medical informatics curriculum system, including revision of its training target, measures for curriculum system reform, and improvement of confidence.

In order to study the effect of magnetic action on the rabbit tests, we fed the rabbit with magnetized water and embedded the small magnetic disc at "guanyuan point". Five months later, the total sperm number as well as the sperm number per 100 mg in epididymal tail of the experimental group significantly increased than those of the control group. The observation by light microscope and scanning electron microscope showed more increased spermatogone, spermatoblast and sperm in the experimental group than in the control. This study indicates that drinking magnetized water and embedding magnet disc at "guanyuan point" have a spermatogenic effect

Objective: To establish a risk assessment index system for epidemic infectious diseases in primary and secondary schools, for early warning and prevention of school infectious diseases accurately and timely. Methods: Through literature review, the indicators pool was established by consulting relevant experts and referring to practical experience. Then two rounds of expert consultation using the Delphi method were conducted(13 experts of round 1, and 20 experts of round 2). The concentration of expert opinions (the average, the percentage of full marks) and the coordination of expert opinions (the coefficient of variation, the coordination coefficient W ) were calculated and analyzed. The coordination coefficient W was obtained by nonparametric Kendall s W test of multiple samples. According to the experts feedback, necessary addition, reduction and modification of the indicators were carried out to determine the evaluation index system, and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to calculate the weight of each indicator. Results: The expert authority coefficients of the two rounds of consultation were 0.89 and 0.88, respectively, and the form recovery rate was 100%. The range of the variation coefficient of each three level indicator was 0.07-0.31 and 0.06-0.19, and the coordination coefficient W was 0.25 and 0.47, respectively, indicating that the consistency and credibility of expert opinions were good. Finally, the risk assessment index system of infectious diseases in primary and secondary schools was established, which was composed of 5 first level indexes, 23 second level indexes and 86 third level indexes. The AHP was used to calculate the intra level weight of the index. The variation coefficient of five first level indicators of school health management and security system, school health personnel facilities, health monitoring and cognition level, severity and coping measures were 0.09, 0.06, 0.08, 0.12 and 0.06 , respectively, and the weight coefficients were 20.42%, 21.19%, 19.87%, 17.45% and 21.08%, respectively. Conclusion The risk assessment index system of school infectious diseases is applicable to primary and secondary schools. The initiative, coordination and authority of experts in this system are all high. It is of practical guiding significance for the early warning of infectious diseases in primary and secondary schools.

Objective To assess the growth of monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA) twins discordant for birth weight during their first 24 months of life.Methods Clinical data and growth parameters from birth to 24 months of age of 31 pairs(62 cases) of birth weight-discordant MCDA twins (≥ 25％ difference in birth weight) who were born alive in the First Affiliated Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University between January 1,2010 and June 30,2016 were retrospectively analyzed.Each pair of twins was divided into the large birth weight group (31 cases) and the small birth weight group (31 cases).All datas were statistically analyzed with Chisquare test,paired t test,analysis of variance or LSD-t test.Results (1) The incidence of birth defects and hypoproteinemia in the small birth weight group were higher than that in the large birth weight group [29.0％ (9/31) vs 0.0％ (0/31),54.8％ (17/31) vs 25.8％ (8/31);x2=8.319 and 5.429;both P ＜ 0.05].(2) The standard deviation scores (SDS) of weight,length and head circumference at birth and 1,6,12,18 and 24 months of age of the small birth weight group were lower than those of the large birth weight group [birth:(-2.00 ± 0.66) vs (-0.04±0.60),(-1.83±1.13) vs (-0.37±0.83),(-1.42±1.03) vs (0.17±0.84),t=17.214,8.390 and 7.759;1 month:(-1.77±0.81) vs (-0.60±0.65),(-2.36±1.20) vs (-0.94±0.74),(-1.71±1.26) vs (-0.44± 1.09),t=9.424,9.059 and 7.197;6 months (-1.00±0.84) vs (-0.09±0.56),(-1.31 ± 1.22) vs (-0.04±0.80),(0.30±1.51) vs (1.11 ± 1.20),t=-7.578,7.988 and 6.091;12 months:(-0.34±1.06) vs (0.47±0.79),(-1.00±0.92) vs (-0.14±0.73),(-0.16±0.76) vs (0.49±0.58),t=5.747,7.155 and 5.664;18 months:(-0.06±0.95) vs (0.74±0.66),(-0.92± 1.07) vs (-0.24±0.92),(-0.32±0.72) vs (0.29±0.66),t=6.153,4.496 and 3.877;24 months:(0.20±0.79) vs (0.88±0.62),(-0.66±0.59) vs (0.01 ±0.67),(-0.37±0.60) vs (0.34±0.68),t=5.317,4.800 and 4.905;all P ＜ 0.001].However,the changes in SDS (△ SDS) of weight,length and head circumference from birth to 24 months of age and the incidence of △ SDS ＞ 0.67 were significantly higher in the small birth weight group than those in the large birth weight group [△SDS:(2.20± 1.10) vs (0.92±0.91),(1.17± 1.21) vs (0.37± 1.14),(1.05± 1.07) vs (0.16±0.89),t=8.422,3.918 and 3.547,all P ＜ 0.001;△SDS ＞ 0.67:93.5％ (29/31) vs 61.3％ (19/31),61.3％ (19/31) vs 35.5％ (11/31),61.3％ (19/31) vs 29.0％ (9/31),x2=9.226,4.133 and 6.53 1,all P ＜ 0.05].(3) The difference in SDS for weight,length and head circumference between the large and small birth weight twins at 24 months of age were significantly lower than those at birth [(0.68 ± 0.71) vs (1.95 ± 0.63),(0.67 ± 0.77) vs (1.46± 0.97),(0.71 ± 0.80) vs (1.60±1.15);all P ＜ 0.05].Conclusions Growth differences are found between birth weight-discordant MCDA twins all the way to 24 months of age from birth at a reduced trend.