Because of the neonatal immune system is immature,particularly in preterm and low birth weight infants,the neonate is prone to some infections.Neonatal sepsis usually has the slight performance and atypical clinical symptoms,which raise the great interest of searching for some better biomarkers.With the development of testing technology,the research of serum inflammation marker has made remarkable progress at home and abroad in recent years,however,the research of umbilical blood inflammation marker is still in the early stage of exploration.Umbilical blood detection have the advantages of early,noninvasive,safe and convenient compare to the traditional serum detection.This paper mainly discusses the application of umbilical blood detection to early onset neonatal sepsis.

2,5-DKG reductase I was purified from cell-free extracts of a recombinant,ER97 by a procedure involving ammonium sulfate precipitation and successive column chromatography on DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B and Phenyl Sepharose CL-4B with 5 fold purification,27 % recovery and 3418 U/mg specific activity.The molecular weight of the enzyme estimated by SDS-PAGE was 34kD.The isoelectric point was estimated to be 6.0 by PAG-IEF.The optimum pH was 7.0 and the optimum temperature was about 40℃.The enzyme can catalyze the stereospecific NADPH-dependent reduction of 25-DKG to 2-KLG.The michaelis-menten constant(Km) for 2,5-DKG and NADPH were 0.29 mmol/L and 14.7 mmol/L respectively.The enzyme is specific for NADPH and 2,5-DKG,1 mmol/L Cu~(2+) or Zn~(2+) could highly inhibited the enzyme activity.EDTA and ?-Mercaptoethanol have no effect on the enzyme activity.

Objective: To analyze the constituents and metabolites of Radix Sa poshnikoviae (RS) in rat plasma and urine by rapid-resolution liquid chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (RRLC-TOF/MS), so as to explore the active ingredients and metabolites of RS in vivo. Methods: The separation was performed on a Angilent Zorbax Extend-C14 (5 μm, 250 mm x 4.6 mm id) column, with a methanol-water mobile phase system used for gradient elution. Time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOF/MS) was applied for qualitative analysis under positive ion mode. Based on the accurate molecular weight of TOF/MS detection and the compound list of RS established previously, the constituents and metabolites of RS in different matrix in vivo were identified. Results: Six constituents of RS were identified in the plasma, sucrose, prim-O-glucosylcimifugin, cimifugin, nodakenetin, 5-O-methylvisamminol, and 3′-O-i-butyrylhammaudol. Eight constituents were identified in the urine, prim-O-glucosylcimifugin, divaricatacid, cimifugin, 4′-O-glucosyl-5-O- methylvisamminol, (3S)-2,2-dimethyl-3, 5-dihydroxy-8-hydroxymethyl-3, 4-dihydro-2H, 6H-benzo-[1, 2-b: 5, 4-b′] dipyran-6-one, 5-O-methylvisamminol, see-O-β-D-glucosylhammaudol, and wogonin. Two metabolites were identified in the urine, glucuronide of cimifujin and an isomer of it. Conclusion: The present method is reliable and effective for identifying compounds of RS in vivo, and it can provide a reference and evidence for the further pharmacodynamics experiments.

Objective To study the expression and its significance of bcl-2 associated death (bad) gene in human optic nerves from traumatic atrophic eyeballs. Methods The optic nerves from 8 normal human donor eyes and 31 traumatic atrophic eyes were studied by immunohistochemistry technique. Results Bad protein was positively expressed in the normal optic nerve myelin sheath and residual myelin portions of optic nerve tissues from traumatic atrophic eyes. The expression of bad protein in the residual portions of myelin sheath was stained significantly stronger than that in normal optic nerves (P0 05). Conclusion Bad might possess the function of promoting the optic nerve atrophy processes in traumatic atrophic eyes.

BACKGROUND: Clusterin has many biological functions, especially the great protection effects on histiocytes in pathological conditions. It will be helpful to discuss the expression of clusterin in the spinal cord injury tissue to further identify the mechanism of secondary spinal cord injury and to provide possible treatments.OBJECTIVE: To observe the expression of clusterin in acute spinal cord injury tissue.DESIGN: Randomized controlled animal study.SETTING: Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University.MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in Experimental Animal Department, China Medical University from January 2003 to January 2006.A total of 65 adult healthy SD rats of 250-300 g provided by Experimental Animal Department, China Medical University were selected. METHODS: All the rat models by modified Allen assay for acute spinal cord injury were randomized into injury group, sham operation group and normal control group with 30, 30 and 5 rats in each group, respectively.The rat injury models in dorsal spinal cord were prepared by modified Allen assay: the target injury site was T10 segment; the sham operation group was given T10 total laminectomy. The normal control group received no operation. Rats in the injury group and sham operation group were killed at hour 12, days 1, 3, 7, 14 and 21 after spinal injury and operation with 5 rats at each time point, respectively. Frozen sections of the injury part were made at different time point after injury. Degeneration and necrosis of spinal cord injury tissues were observed with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Deposition and disposition of positive reactants of clusterin were observed with clusterin immunohistochemical staining. Average gray value of positive reactants of clusterin was detected with semi-quantitative image analysis (went with the intensity of clusterin immunoreaction in inverse ratio).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Degeneration and necrosis as well as positive expression of clusterin of spinal cord injury tissues of rats in each group. ②Average gray value of clusterin positive reactants in spinal cord injury tissues of rats in each group.RESULTS: A total of 65 rats were involved in the result analysis, without dropout. ①In the injury group, positive expression of clusterin began to increase at day 1 after injury, reached peak at about day 7, declined gradually at day 14 and tended to be stable at day 21 after injury. This dynamic course of change was along with the prolongation of time. The expression of clusterin appeared in the sham operation group and normal control group at each time point, and the expression was stable. There was no dynamic change with the prolongation of time. ②In the injury group average gray value of positive reactants of clusterin was significantly lower at days 1, 3,7, 14 and 21 as compared with that in the sham operation group and normal control group (t=6.33-15.57, P ＜ 0.01 ). There was no significant difference in average gray value of positive reactants of clusterin at each time point in the sham operation group as compared with the normal control group (P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION: The expression of clusterin increases greatly in acute spinal cord injury tissues, and has dynamic change, which is the same with spinal cord injury.

Humans ; Tuberculosis, Hepatic

Diagnostic Errors ; Dyspnea ; diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male

OBJECTIVE:To make sure who is liable for Adverse Drug Reactions(ADRs)and what kind of legal obligation should they bear and how to bear.METHODS:The concerned laws and regulations were studied by literature research method and comparative study method.RESULTS:The legal obligations involved in ADRs were tort liability and administrative liability.The obligation attribution principles were different.The fault principle should be applied to the unpredicted“develop_ mental danger”of drugs.CONCLUSION:The compensatory and relieving acts related to ADRs damages should be formulated in China.

OBJECTIVE:To provide references for China in the formulation of international marketing strategy of tradi?tional Chinese medicine(TCM).METHODS:Related literatures were referred to and the current international marketing con?cepts of Chinese traditional medicine in China were analyzed.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:The internationalized target market for TCM is indefinite,the international market demand is unknown,the propaganda is without a definite aim,and the language platform for international academic communication is insufficient.It is suggested that the target market for TCM should aimed at general nursing,chronic and stubborn diseases,the efficacy and safety of TCM should be verified by control experiment and cost-effectiveness analysis,the international communication abilities of TCM and its practitioners should be improved so as to facilitate the internalization of TCM.

Treated 36 cases of infantile enuresis by acupuncturing Zuyunganqu (Foot Motor Sensory Area),Guanyuan (CV 4), Qihai (CV 6), Zhongwan (CV 12),Zusanli (ST 36), Yinlingquan (SP 9), Pishu (BL 20),Weishu (BL 21) and Shenshu (BL 23). After two courses,29 cases were cured, 5 cases were improvement and 2cases were no effect.