OBJECTIVE:To facilitate the construction of Chinese pharmaceutical profession associations. METHODS: We analyzed the current situation and problems existing in Chinese pharmaceutical profession association as well as the developmental experience of foreign pharmaceutical associations then put forward suggestions for the development of pharmaceutical profession associations in China. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: The sound development of pharmaceutical profession associations calls for the cooperated efforts of government, profession association and pharmaceutical enterprises, meanwhile its function as bridge and tie between pharmaceutical enterprises and government should be brought into full play.

Arthralgia ; etiology ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; surgery ; Pain, Postoperative ; etiology

As China is about to enter the WTO, the medical market will soon be open in an all round way to the outside world. Administrators working in domestic medical and health institutions must get a clear understanding of the situation and take appropriate strategies. The author first argues that some medical and health institutions ought to update concepts and gradually transform to an operational system wherein services by medical and health institutions are delivered in an industrial, collective and diversified way. They should make use of the capital market and adopt high input and standardized fundraising methods so as to ensure rapid growth. For this reason, medical and health institutions ought to diversify their ownerships, including hospital groups, the joint stock system, and trust operation. Then the author explains the ways capital operation will promote medical and health institutions transformation of ownerships and discusses the procedures for capital operation, medical and health institutions transformation of ownerships, and health stocks going public.

Objective To investigate the application effect of the puncture method of indwelling needle by single hand in clinical attendance of pediatrics. Methods From March 2015 to September 2015,578 patients in our pediatrics were randomly and equally divided into two groups. The experiment group were treated with the puncture method of indwelling needle by single hand and the control group received traditional puncturing method. Results There were statistical significances in the success rate of first puncture,degree of comfort,sense of pain,dropping of the indwelling needle,phlebitis,exosmosis of drugs and indwelling time of patients between the two groups(P< 0.05). Conclusion In the process of using indwelling needle in pediatrics,the application of the puncture method of indwelling needle by single hand could improve the success rate of first puncture of venous retention needle,enhance the comfort degree of neonates,relieve the sense of pain,reduce the dropping of the indwelling needle,incidence of phlebitis and exosmosis of drugs,and prolong the indwelling time. The operation of this puncture is simple and easy to do and to learn,without any special equipment. In the venous puncture,the only necessities are 24G retention needle,3M indwelling needle and adhesive tape. Obviously,it is economical and practical,and is suitable for application in clinic.

OBJECTIVE:To further perfect the discipline theory of pharmaceutical administration in China.METHODS:The processes and methods of the discipline theory construction of pharmaceutical administration was studied by deductive theory and‘taking root’theory.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:The pharmaceutical administration theory is characterized by diverse and empirical,to make it improved,more research work needs to be done.

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the necessity of compensation system in clinical trial of medicine in China.METH?ODS:The legal attributes of clinical trial of medicine were analyzed based on the report of"Korean Ginseng Bolus Event"in Haining,the relation of rights and obligations between the subjects and researchers and the current problems in clinical trial in China were discussed.RESULTS&CONCLUSIONS:With the development of clinical trial of medicine in China,laws should be established to enforce compulsory insurance for the subjects and carry out no fault responsibility in order to ensure their legal rights.

OBJECTIVE:To establish RP-HPLC method for the determination of berberine hydrochloride in rabbit plasma.METHODS:RP-HPLC internal standard method was adopted in which Dikma diamonsil TM C 18 was used as chro-matographic column,the mobile phase was composed of acetonitrile-0.1mol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution-sodium dodecyl sulphate(50∶50∶0.06)with flow rate at1ml/min,and the detection wavelength was345nm,the column temperature was40℃with paradimethylaminobenzal dehyde taken as the internal standard.RESULTS:Good linear relation-ship was achieved when the detection concentration of berberine hydrochloride was within the range of20.5～656ng/ml(r=0.9999),the average recovery rate was99.14%,and the mean RSD was3.78%.CONCLUSION:The method has high sen-sitivity and strong specificity,which can be used for the study of pharmacokinetic of berberine hydrochloride.

Objective to reveal the research situation about food safety in China by analysing the articles published from 2000 to 2008. Methods bibliometrics were used to analyze the articles. The cooperation and the distribution of foundations were searched out from CBMdisc ( China scientific journal Database) with "food safety" as keywords. Results 1829 documents and 4,063 authors were identified. The rate of cooperation was 68.05% and the authors came from 32 provinces, autonomous regions and special administrative regions of China. 194 papers were supported by various kinds of fund. Conclusion Research on food safty is developing fast to meet the soring needs in this respect of the society.

Objective To study the therapy of clearing away the hemorrhagic and necrotic polyps of maxillary sinus.Methods Twenty-five cases,which were diagnosed as hemorrhagic and necrotic polyps of maxillary sinus were treated by surgery of nasal endoscopy with the use of double electrocoagulate and shave system and the surgery of cutting-off front wall of maxillary sinus.Results There is no complication after 6 ～24 months followup.The cure rate is 100% and the recurrence rate is 0.Conclusion The method has the advantage of clearing away the hemorrhagic and necrotic polyps of maxillary sinus with high cure rate.

Objective To investigate the effects of analog 165 of APP5-mer peptide on the expression of synaptic related proteins in neurons of the hippocampus through intracerebroventricular(ICV) injection of streptozotocin(STZ) in rats. Methods A total of 45 Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group,model group and treated group.Rats in the model and treated groups received intracerebroventricular injection of STZ bilaterally.After three weeks,rats in the treated group received gastric perfusion of analog 165 of APP5-mer peptide.After the four-week treatment,the memory of the rats was surveyed by Morris water maze test.The expressions of synaptic related proteins,such as postsynaptic density95 protein(PSD-95),synaptophysin and ?-Synuclein,were tested with immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting.The ultra-structure of the neurons of hippocampus was observed with transmission electron microscope. Results 1.Full-course swimming time was obviously longer in the model group than that those in the treated and control groups.2.In the model group,the expressions of PSD-95 and synaptophysin decreased,and the expression of ?-Synuclein increased.The treated group normalized the expression of the targeted proteins.3.Retrograde degeneration of the neurons of hippocampus was observed in the model group,and dysmorphic synapses were observed in the neuropil.Conclusion There are low PSD-95,synaptophysin levels and high ?-Synuclein levels in the ICV injected brain of STZ rats.Analog 165 of APP5-mer peptide improves the expression of the three proteins to some extent;therefore it may protect synapse and improve learning ability and memory.