Humans ; Tuberculosis, Hepatic

[Summary] Glucagon-like peptide-1 ( GLP-1 ) as a new treatment of type 2 diabetes, not only has hypoglycemic effect, but also plays an important role in the regulation of lipid metabolism. GLP-1 plays a unique role in regulating lipid metabolism via lipid absorption and transport, fat formation and decomposition, hepatic lipid metabolism, and cholesterol transport.

The research was carried out to establish HPLC fingerprints of Tibetan medicinal herb "Songdi" (Saxifraga umbellulata var. pectinata), and to provide reference for identification an quality control of it. It was performed on an Amethyst-C18-P (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) column with the mobile phase of methanol-0.4% formic acid in a linear gradient mode at a flow rate of 1.0 mL x min(-1). The column temperature was 30 degrees C, and the detection wavelength was set at 254 nm. The software for chromatographic fingerprint was applied to analyse the pattern analysis, the common peaks and similarity. Cluster analysis was done based on the common peaks data of 33 samples from different plant species and sources by SPSS software. Ten common chromatographic peaks were identified by fingerprint, showing a low similarity in constituent and variety. Flavonoids and saponins were the principal components. The number and area of peaks were affected by the collection sources and method. The high similarity are showed by the samples derived from the same area with high accuracy and high purity. The method is so simple, exclusive, stable and high repeatable that it can provide reference for identification and quality assessment of "Songdi" (S. umbellulata var. pectinata).
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Medicine, Tibetan Traditional ; Quality Control ; Saxifragaceae ; chemistry

The status of breastfeeding and in-hospital health education during pregnancy was surveyed in 32 maternity and children health care hospitals at provincial and municipal levels.A total of 1105 cases were assigned into hospital health education (A,n =872) and control (B,n =233) groups according to whether the women received the hospital health education of breastfeeding during pregnancy.Their differences in breastfeeding knowledge,attitudes and early feeding behavior were compared and analyzed by x2 test and binary logistic regression.Mothers in the group A were at higher levels of breastfeeding knowledge and had a higher proportion of breastfeeding at Day 1 (82.3％).The rate of exclusive breastfeeding in-hospital was significantly higher in group A than that in group B (51.1％ vs.32.3％).After adjusting for in-hospital health education,health education during pregnancy had significant effects on breastfeeding in the first days for group A:breastfeeding in the first 24 hour (OR =2.076,95％CI:1.474-2.924) and exclusive in-hospital breastfeeding (OR =2.105,95％ CI:1.529-2.898).

Objective To investigate the drug induced liver injure(DILI)associated with Chinese herbal medicine and herbal related food supplements.Methods From 1982 to 2005.8.9 consecutive pa- tients were diagnosed as DILI based on their medication history,clinical manifestation,liver function and other laboratory tests.The final retrospection confirmatory diagnosis was made according to the interna- tional scoring system for DILI.Results The 82 DILI patients(28 men,54 females,age ranging from 16 to 81 years old)accounted for 2.2% of hospitalized patients with liver dysfunction.Among those patients with DILI,30.5% was caused by weight reducing drugs or food supplements,12.2% by drugs of derma tology,8.5% by drugs for cardiovascular disease,8.5% by drugs of rheumatology,7.3% by drugs of gynecology,6.1% by drugs for liver disease,6.1% by blood-lipids modulators,3.7% by drugs for thy- roid disease,3.7% by drugs for hyperplasia of mammary glands and 13.4 % by the others.The duration of medication was from 6 clays to 6 months and the incubation period was from 6 days to 3 months.DILI could be classified as acute hepatocellular injury(36.59%),acute cholestasis(39.02%)and mixtures (24.39%).About 10% patients were accompanied by allergic manifestations.All patients recovered rap- idly after stopping the relevant medicine.Conclusion Chinese herbal medicine and herbal related food supplements are a common cause of DILI in China.The awareness and monitoring improving DILI during herbs treatment is a critical issue in daily practice.

OBJECTIVETo detect the expression level of interleukin 17 (IL-17) in the plasma and colonic mucosa of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), and to explore the synergistic mechanism of qingchang huashi recipe (QHR) combined with Mesalazine.

METHODSRecruited were 24 mild or moderate UC patients of damp-heat inner accumulation syndrome (DHIAS). Their samples of intestinal tissues were histologically graded. They were assigned to the combination group and the Western medicine (WM) group, 12 in each group. Besides, another 12 healthy volunteers were recruited as the healthy control group. QHR combined Mesalazine were given to patients in the combination group, while those in the WM group took Mesalazine. The therapeutic course for all was 3 months. By the end of treatment the expression level of IL-17 in the plasma and colonic mucosa was detected using ELISA. The infiltration of IL-17 in the intestinal mucosal tissue was detected by immunohistochemical SP method.

RESULTSThe expression level of IL-17 in the plasma and colonic mucosa was significantly higher in UC patients than in healthy controls (P <0. 05). The higher the histological grading the higher the expression level. The expression level of IL-17 in plasma and colonic tissues decreased after treatment in the two treatment groups (P < 0.05). Besides, the expression level of IL-17 was lower in the combination group than in the WM group (P <0.05).

CONCLUSIONQHR combined Mesalazine could synergically enhance the effect and effectively inhibit intestinal inflammation through down-regulating the expression of IL-17.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; therapeutic use ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Immunologic Factors ; metabolism ; Inflammation ; metabolism ; Interleukin-17 ; metabolism ; Intestinal Mucosa ; drug effects ; Intestines ; metabolism ; Mesalamine ; therapeutic use

AIM: To investigate the effect of soybean isoflavones (SI) on ventricular remodeling induced by myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS: MI was induced by permanent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) in male Sprague-Dawley (SD)rats. Rats were randomly divided into six groups: shamThree hours after the operation, the drugs or solvent were administrated ig qd for 35 d. Twenty-four hours after the last administration, heart rate (HR), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), peak systolic left ventricular pressure (Peak), maximal rate of left ventricular pressure rising (+dp/dtmax), maximal rate of left ventricular pressure declining (-dp/dtmax) and myocardial maximal shortening velocity (Vmax) were measured. After above hemodynamic parameters were measured, hearts were extracted. The ratio of total ventricle weight to body weight(TVW/BW) was calculated. Myocardial collagen was shown with the collagen-specific picrosirius red stain,myocardial interstitial collagen volume fraction(ICVF), perivascular collagen volume fraction(PCVF), infarct size,septal thickness (ST) and left ventricular diameter (LVD) were measured by image analysis system. RESULTS:(31 ± 5) %, respectively, all of which were significantly smaller than that in MI group (( 38.9 ± 2.9) %, P ＜ 0.01 ).In MI group, TVW/BW, LVD, ICVF and PCVF were remarkably increased compared with those in sham group (P ＜ 0.01 ). The increased TVW/BW, LVD, ICVF and PCVF were significantly reduced by treatment with eaprats in MI group was significantly decreased than that in sham group (P ＜ 0.01 ). The reduced ST could be in-dp/dtmax and Vmax were decreased (P ＜ 0.01 ), while LVEDP was increased (P ＜ 0.01 ), significantly. The reSION: SI can improve cardiac function and ventricular remodeling induced by myocardial infarction in the rat.

Objective To evaluate the role and efficacy of preventing bone mineral loss in patients with endometriosis treated by gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogues (GnRH-a) combined with addback therapy.Methods Prospective,randomized controlled studies of the use of GnRHa with add-back therapy in treatment of endometriosis were enrolled in this study from Medline,Embase,Cochrane library,China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI),Chinese Biological Medicine Disk (CBM) and Data Base of Wanfang.After quality assessment and data extraction,meta-analysis were conducted in the change of BMD,reproductive hormone (E2) and visual pain score (VAS) by Stata 11.0 software.Results A total of 785patients from 13 randomized controlled trail (RCT) studies enrolled in this study after exclude no following up,poor quality and repeat published studies.377 patients were in group of GnRH-a with add-back treatment and 408 patients were in group of GnRna alone.The findinds were showed in meta-analysis:(1) there was a significant difference in percentage change of bone mineral density (BMD) between two groups,the addback therapy was more effective in prevention of bone loss which was (SMD =0.223,95％ CI:0.003 to 0.443,P =0.047).(2) There was no significant difference in the level of reproductive hormone between two groups (SMD =-0.053,95％ CI:-0.479 to 0.373,P =0.807).(3) There was also no significant difference in the visual pain score between the two groups (SMD =-0.157,95％ CI:-0.474 to 0.160,P=0.332).Conclusions GnRH-a with add-back therapy have been shown to be more effective in preventing loss of BMD than GnRH-a treatment alone.However,the long term effect of preventing BMD should be studied.

ObjectiveTo investigate the imaging features of anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) graft insufficiency.Methods X-Ray and MR imaging examinations in 24 consecutive patients who had ACL reconstructive graft insufficiency were retrospectively evaluated for tunnel position,osteoarthrosis and its related complications.Follow-up arthroscopy showed 16 graft tears and 8 graft laxities.Fisher exact test was used to compare tunnel malpositions,the proportion of graft tear on MRI and osteoarthrosis between graft tear group and graft laxity group.ResultsTwo malpositions of tibial tunnel and 3 malpositions of femoral tunnel were seen in graft tear group.Three-malpositions of tibial tunnel and 4 malpositions of femoral tunnel were seen in graft laxity group.The proportion of tibial or femoral malposition showed no significant difference between the two groups(P =0.289,P =0.167).In graft tear group,15 complete graft tears were diagnosed correctly,1 partial tear was misdiagnosed as normal on MRI.In graft laxity group,4 grafts were diagnosed as normal and 4 were considered as graft tear on MRI.A significant difference was seen between the two groups (P = 0.028) in the proportion of graft tear diagnosed on MRI.Fourteen osteoarthrosis were seen in graft tear group and 5 in graft laxity group.No significant difference was seen between the two groups ( P =0.289) in the proportion of esteoarthrosis.Conclusion The proportions of tunnel malposition and osteoarthrosis showed no significant difference between the graft tear group and graft laxity group.Most graft tears can be diagnosed accurately on MRI,but some cases of graft laxity may be misdiagnosed for graft tear.

Objective To investigate the effect of the Kolb experience learning theory applied in Surgical Nursing teaching.Methods 120 students were selected randomly and were divided into 2 groups,the observation group operated the teaching mode based on the Kolb experience learning theory,the control group operated traditional teaching.After the experiment,using the theory test,the skill test,the questionnaire survey to evaluate the teaching effectiveness.Results The two groups showed statistical difference in theory exam results,learning effect of each dimension and evaluation of teaching effect.Conclusions The teaching mode based on the Kolb experience learning theory can improve the students' interest in learning and study effect,and push forward the reform of teaching implementatiou.