This article summarizes and analysis the rules of acupoint selection in the treatment of dysmenorrhea.Method:Computer retrieval and manual search were combined to look for domestic literature on dysmenorrhea treated by acupuncture and moxibustion in year 2003 to 2011.There were altogether 20 qualified articles,concerning 28 acupoints.The above results showed that in the treatment of dysmenorrhea,the commonly used points are distributed in Ren,spleen meridian of foot-Taiyin,foot Yangming meridian and foot Taiyang meridian.Specific acupoints was the main type for selecting points.

The "opening-closing-pivoting" theory on the six meridians is one of the difficult points in the study of Shang Han Lun (Treatise on Cold Diseases). The authors give an explanation on the space and time differentiation of three-yin and three-yang as well as the "opening-closing-pivoting" theory based on the predecessor's experience, and then analyze the physiological and pathological characteristics of the six-meridian disorders.

Humans ; Infection Control ; Root Canal Therapy

Coronary Artery Bypass ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiodermatitis ; etiology

Humans ; Root Resorption

Objective To investigate p16 promoter methylation in premature rats with chronic lung disease induced by hyperoxia. Methods Eighty premature Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: hyperoxia group (fraction of inspiratory oxygen) 0. 90 and control group (fraction of inspiratory oxygen 0. 21), 40 rats for each group. Semi-nested methylation specific polymerase chain reaction and methylation specific polymerase chain reaction were applied respectively to detect p16 promoter methylation in lung tissues. Additionally, p16 mRNA and protein expressions in lung tissue were detected by reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction, Western blot and immunohistochemistry method. Results The methylation was not found in control group by seminested methylation specific polymerase chain reaction and methylation specific polymerase chain reaction, while was found in different aged rats of the hyperoxia group. The methylation detection rate was higher by using the semi-nested methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (52.5%, 21/40) than that by methylation specific polymerase chain reaction (42.5%, 17/40) in the hyperoxia group,but there was no statistically significant difference between the two methods. The p16 mRNA in the hyperoxia group were significantly lower than in the control group at day 7, 14 and 21(1.73 ± 0.40 vs 2.11±0. 37,1.29±0. 19 vs 1.60±0. 27,0. 95±0.25 vs 1.72±0. 34, t=2.19, 2.95 and 10. 43,P＜0. 05). The p16 protein expressions by western blot in the hyperoxia group were significantly lower than in the control group at day 7, 14 and 21 also (88. 1±8. 7 vs 95.0±4.1,65.7±4.5 vs 83. 5±13.6 and 50.4±4.9 vs 86.7±11.9, t=2.27,3.95 and 13.40,P＜0.05). The expression of p16 mRNA (1.06±0.61) and protein (62.32±25.65) in lung tissues of rats with methylation was lower than that without methylation (1.63±0.62 and 94.93±22.21, respectively) (t=2.95, OR=0. 86;t=4.28, OR=0. 85,P＜0.01, respectively). Conclusions Exposure to hyperoxia might induce p16 promoter methylation in lung tissues in premature rats. Methylation risk increases as exposure time extends. p16 promoter methylation induced by hyperoxia might participate in the mechanism of lowering p16 mRNA and protein expression, but might not result in p16 gene silence.

Objective To explore the change of occludin mRNA in the lung tissue under hyperoxia induced lung injury condition and their regulation of platelet-derived growth factor B(PDGFB).Methods Three hundred and twenty newborn rats were divided into 4 groups accor-ding to different oxygen concentrations(FiO2):experimental group 1(FiO2=800 mL/L),experimental group 2 (FiO2=600 mL/L),experimental group 3(FiO2=400 mL/L) and room-air control group(FiO2=210 mL/L).Rats were killed at 1st,3rd,5th,7th and 14th day respectively during the experiment,the expression of occludin was examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) method.The expression of PDGFB in the lung tissue was also observed by immunohistochemistry.SPSS 11.5 software was used to analyze the data.Results The expressions of PDGFB in the lung tissue in experimental group 1 and experimental group 2 were lower than those of the control group at 1th day(Pa

Objective To investigate the effects of valsartan on platelet and endothelial function in atrial fibrillation dogs induced by chronic rapid atrial pacing.Methods From Sep.2001 to Jun.2003,14 dogs paced at 400 bpm in the right atrium for 6 weeks were randomly divided into control group and valsartan group.The dogs in valsartan group received valsartan(30 mg?kg~ -1 ?d~ -1 )1 week before rapid atrial pacing until pacing stop.The plasma von Willebrand factor(vWF),endothelin-1(ET-1),angiotensin Ⅱ(AngⅡ)levels and blood platelet aggregation rate were measured before and after rapid atrial pacing.Results (1)Plasma AngⅡ level elevated significantly in both groups,indicating activation of renin-angiotensin system.(2)The maximam platelet aggregation rates by four different agonists(Adenosine diphosphate,Epinephrine,Collagen,Arachidonic acid)increased significantly in control group dogs.To some extent,valsartan could inhibit platelet activation caused by chronic rapid atrial pacing.(3)There were significant elevations in the plasma levels of vWF and ET-1 in control group dogs.Valsartan could meliorate endothelial function and decrease the concentrations of vWF and ET-1.Conclusion Valsartan can inhibit platelet activation and meliorate endothelial function in chronic rapid atrial pacing dogs.

Objective: To clinically evaluate the efficacy of electrolyzed oxidizing water (EOW) as a root canal irrigation solution on disinfecting bacteria and removing the smear-layer to keep the non-bacterium state in the root canal. Methods: In the first experiment, 108 single-rooted teeth that needed root canal treatment were randomly divided into two groups. EOW was used as the root canal irrigation solution in the experimental group while 30 ml/L H2O2, saline solution, and 75 g/L EDTA solution were used as controls. Bacteriological examinations were conducted from each tooth before and after treatment with the root canal irrigation solutions. In the second experiment, the 20 fresh human extracted teeth were divided into two groups and treated as same as the first experiment in root canal preparation and irrigation. After irrigation, the apical canal wall was observed using SEM. Results: There was no significant difference in bacterial growth and removing the smear layer between the group using EOW and that using saline solution, 30 ml/L H2O2 and 75 g/L EDTA solution. Conclusion:The results indicate EOW is useful as a clinical root canal irrigation solution.