OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of different doses of Simvastatin on the related indexes of patients with con-trast-induced nephropathy(CIN). METHODS:168 patients received coronary angiography surgery(CAG)and percutaneous coro-nary stent implantation(PCI)were randomly divided into control group(42 cases),low-dose(42 cases),medium-dose(42 cas-es)and high-dose groups(42 cases),all patients were given Lohexol injection 20 ml. 0.9% Sodium chloride injection was intrave-nously infused at a rate of 2 ml/(kg·h)4 h before radiography until the end,then 0.9% Sodium chloride injection was still intrave-nously infused at a rate of 2 ml/(kg·h)in the end and 48 h after radiography. 48 h before radiography,low-dose group was orally given Simvastatin tablet 20 mg Medium-dose group was orally given Simvastatin tablet 40 mg. high-dose group was orally given Simvastatin tablet 80 mg,once a day. All patients were treated for 4 d. Kidney function indexes(Scr,Ccr,BUN),kidney damage indexes(CysC,NGAL,mAlb),and inflammatory cytokines[(IL)-6,hs-CRP)] before and after radiography,and the incidences of CIN and adverse reactions in all group were observed. RESULTS:After radiography,kidney function indexes,NGAL and mAlb in all group,CysC in control group and low-dose group,CysC after 48 h radiography in medium-dose,high-dose groups were signifi-cantly higher than before,while all the indexes after 24 h radiography in medium-dose,high-dose groups were lower than low-dose group and control group,with statistical significances (P<0.05);after 48 h radiography,medium-dose,high-dose groups were lower than low-dose group,which was lower than control group,with statistical significances(P<0.05). After radiography,the in-flammatory cytokines in all groups were significantly higher than before,while medium-dose,high-dose groups were lower than low-dose group,which was lower than control group,with statistical significances (P<0.05). The incidence of CIN in medi-um-dose,high-dose groups were lower than low-dose group,which was lower than control group,with statistical significances (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in high-dose group was higher than medium-dose group,followed by low-dose group and control group,with statistical significances (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Both medium-dose and high-dose of Simvas-tatin can effectively reduce the incidence of CIN,improve kidney functions,and reduce kidney damage indexes and inflammatory cytokine levels,while the safety of medium-dose is superior to high-dose.

Objective To compare the survival and developmental potential of mouse morula, early blastocysts and blastocysts cryopreserved by vitrification. Methods One hundred and forty-two mouse morula, 135 early blastocysts and 148 blastocysts were cryopreserved by 6 mol/L ethylene glycol and 1 mol/L sucrose vitrification solutions. The survival rates and blastocysts hatching rates after thawing were observed. Results The survival rates of morula, early blastocysts and blastocysts groups were 88. 0% ,73. 3% ,and 60. 1% respectively. The blastocyst hatching rates were 73. 9% , 61. 5% ,and 49. 3% respectively. Both the survival rates and blastocyst hatching rates in morula group were higher than those in early blastocysts group (P

OBJECTIVE To establisha simultaneous determination method of three main alkaloids in Plumula nelumbinis by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), including liensinine, isoliensinine and neferine, and optinize the ultrasonic-assisted extraction process of total alkaloids from Plumula nelumbinis by using response surface methodology based on Box-Behnken design. METHODS The alkaloids were separated on a RP-HPLC C18 monolithic column(4.6 mm×50 mm, Merck, Darmstadt, German) with a mobile phase consisting of methanol-water-triethylamine-acetic acid(70∶30∶0.2∶0.05), and the method was validated for linearity, sensitivity and extraction recovery. Based on the single-factor analysis, a mathematical model was constructed to analyze the effects of each factor of the ultrasonic-assisted extraction and their interactions on alkaloids yields of Plumula nelumbinis. The three independent variables were volume fraction of ethanol(A), solid-liquid ratio(B) and ultrasound extraction time(C), respectively. RESULTS The HPLC method used to separate three alkaloids within 5 min showed an excellent linear correlation (r2>0.999) in the range of 3.4-340 μg·mL-1(liensinine), 3.47-347 μg·mL-1(isoliensinine) and 3.47-347 μg·mL-1 (neferine). The limits of detection(LODs) of three alkaloids were 0.17, 0.69 and 0.69 μg·mL-1, and the limits of quantification were 0.34, 1.73 and 1.73 μg·mL-1, respectively. The intra-day and inter-day variations of RSD were less than 5%, and the extraction recovery rang from 97.06% to 104.12% with RSD ranging from 0.08% to 0.87%(n=6). The optimum extraction conditions were: solid-liquid ratio, 1∶30.3; volume fraction of ethanol, 69.8%; ultrasound extraction time, 29.0 min. The yield under the optimum conditions was found to be(14.82±0.42) mg·g-1, which was agreed closely with the predicted value of 14.70 mg·g-1. CONCLUSION The HPLC method used to determine the three main alkaloids in Plumula nelumbinis shows ideal characteristics of quickness, accuracy, high sensitivity and good repeatability.The optimum ultrasonic extraction technology has expressed excellent extraction ability of alkaloids in Plumula nelumbinis which indicates the RSM result is reasonable and effective.

Objective To investigate the biophysical properties of mechanosensitive(MS) channels in cultured dorsal root ganglion neurons of neonatal rats. Methods MS channels current of cultured dorsal root ganglion neurons of neonatal rats were recorded using cell-attached and inside-out patch-clamp technique.The biophysical properties such as pressure response relationship,current voltage relationship,channel kinetics and ion selectivity were analyzed.Membrane stretch was achieved by the application of negative pressure(suction) to a patch-clamp electrode. Results One type of MS non-selective cation ion channels in the membrane patches tested in cultured dorsal root ganglion neurons of neonatal rats were recorded. Those channels were activated rapidly when suction was applied, and kept active during sustained application of negative pressure and quickly turned off when the suction was released.The MS channels exhibited a nearly linear current voltage relationship in the balance solution.The outward chord conductance was (96.2?3.6)pS (mV is between +40 mV and +60 mV) and the inward slope conductance was (62.5?0.4)pS (mV is between -60 mV and 0 mV). This kind of channels appeared to be outward rectifier.The average reversal potential was (-2.3?0.8)mV.The channel kinetics analysis indicated that suction could significantly increase the duration of short-openings and long-openings and decrease that of long-closings,with no effects on short-closings. Conclusion The results of this study could serve as a reference to the understanding of electric activity of DRG neurons.

Objective To evaluate the value of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)in diagnosing the acute centrum ovale infarction, and also to investigate the pathogenesis of the infarction. Methods All 58 patients underwent conventional MRI and DWI scanning after symptoms’ onset. DWI findings were compared to the findings of T_1WI and T_2WI. Results The sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing the ischemia stroke were 96.4% and 98.8% within 7 days after onset. Of all the cases, 62.1% were associated with the cerebral large-vessel disease and emboligenic heart disease. Only 36.2% had a classic lacunar syndrome but 69.0% had more frequently an abrupt onset of symptoms. Conclusion DWI is of high accuracy for diagnosing centrum ovale infarction and detecting early infarction lesions which are difficult to be displayed in conventional MRI, and very helpful in differentiating the acute from non-acute lesions; symptomatic centrum ovale infarction is suggested to be associated with large-vessel and heart disease which should be distinguished from the lacunar infarcts.

Docetaxel (DXT)is a member of the taxane drug class,which is used to treat breast cancer,lung cancer,gastric cancer,prostate cancer and so on.Docetaxel can be used as a single agent or in combination with other chemotherapeutic drugs.Many side effects of docetaxel have been reported in recent years.New dosage forms are developed to reduce toxicity and increase efficacy.An overview of these novel formulations of docetaxel and clinical progress will be discussed by consulting 43 literatures.

Objective To investigate effect of emodin on cell membrane, protein and nucleic acid synthesis of MRSA41577, and systematically investigate the anti-bacterial mechanism of emodin.Methods TTC assay was used to detected the anti-bacterial activity of emodin on MRSA 41577. Conductivity and macromolecular were detected to investigate the effect of emodin on MRSA41577 cell membrane .SDS-PAGE was used to detect the effect of emodin on the soluble protein synthesis.DAPI staining was used to detect the effect of emodin on nucleic acid synthesis.UV-visible spectrophotometric was used to detected the interaction between emodin and DNA.ResuIts Emodin has significant inhibitory activity on MRSA41577, and the minimum inhibitory concentration was 8μg/mL.After treated with 8 μg/mL emodin for 6h, compared with control group, the macromolecular and conductivity improved (71.48 ±0.026)% (P<0.01) and (2.39 ±0.102)%(P<0.05), sepreatly.Compared with control, after treated with 8μg/ml emodin for 16h,the protein reduced 32.8%, and the contents of DNA and RNA reduced (4.82 ±1.06)%(P<0.05,) and (6.67 ±0.36)%(P<0.053).The UV-visible spectrophotometric results indicated that emodin could integrate with DNA through hydrogen bond.ConcIusion The anti-bacterial mechanism of emodin mainly through damage the cell membrane , inhibit the replication and transcription of DNA through hydrogen bond , inhibit the synthesis of protein, and thus inhibit the biological function of bacteria.

Objective:Coherence analysis of the EEG is used to study the synchrony or coupling between cortical areas underlying the electrodes. However,the effects of intravenous anesthetics on EEG coherence have not been defined. Method: Forty patients were administered with intravenous thiopental (5mg/kg),propofol (2.5mg/kg ), ketamine(4mg/kg)or fentanyl(10?g/kg). The changes of coherences in total and in a given frequency band of the EEG(?.?.?.?) were measured with an AXON Systems Sentinel-4 Neurological monitor between two pair electrodes(Cz-F_7 vs Cz-F_8 and Cz-A_1 vs Cz-F_2). Result: The anesthetics had significantly different effects on the coherence by either increase or decrease. The variability of the coherences had no regular pattern,and no relationship to excitement or depression of the anesthetics and to potency of them. Conclusion:Each anesthetic above selectively depresses and excites generators of the EEG in quite different ways.

Objective Through the investigations of university students’and middle school students’ grasping situation of wetland elementary knowledge and their attitude toward wetland protection,the situation in propaganda and education of wetland protection and the congnition of wetland function,to identify some problems and to adopt the corresponding measures. Methods Using the stratified cluster sampling method, a questionnaire survey was carried out among 480 students of two urban and rural middle school and two universities. Results There were significant differences on the farmiliar degree to basic concepts of wetland protection,the methods of acquiring wetland knowledge and the understanding of wetland function among the urban and rural middle school students, arts and science university students. Conclusions The study subjects have many shortages in the consciousness and knowledge of wetland protection, and the special propaganda and education of the wetland protection should be carried out.

Objective To evaluate the renal protective effect of targeted abdominal perfusion pressure (APP) treatment in intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and further investigate its related mechanisms.Methods Twelve healthy pigs were randomly divided into experimental group and control group,each group had 6 pigs.All animals were collected urine volume each hour,continuously monitored mean arterial pressure (MAP) and renal cortical blood flow after anesthesia.IAH models were established by intraperitoneally injecting carbon dioxide in all animals,the baseline MAP,intra-abdominal pressure (IAP)and APP were obtained before IAH models established.In both groups,IAP was raised gradually from 0 mm Hg to 10 mm Hg,20 mm Hg and 30 mm Hg.In control group,IAP was maintained at 30 mm Hg for 8 hours with-out any other interventions.In experimental group,the animals were intravenously given with norepinephrine in order to get a target level of APP equal to its baseline values after 15 minutes of the onset of 30 mm Hg IAP.Changes of renal cortical blood flow,serum creatinine,TNF-α,IL-6 and urine IL-18 with the alteration of IAP in both groups were explored.Animals were then sacrificed for renal histopathology after 8 hours of the onset of 30 mm Hg IAP.Results With the increase of IAP,renal cortical blood flow in both groups was significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.01).Compared to its baseline,serum Cr and urinary IL-18 were significantly up-regulated after the maintenance of IAP at 30 mm Hg for 6 hours in both groups (P ＜ 0.05).However,in experimental group,which utilized a strategy of targeted APP,significant improvement of the renal cortical blood flow was observed (P ＜ 0.01),and urinary IL-18 was significantly lower than the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Renal histopathological examination found no obvious abnormalities either in control group or in experimental group.Conclusions The targeted APP treatment may have some renal protective function within the first 8 hours of IAH by improving renal cortical blood flow rather than affecting systemic inflammatory response.