Objective We generated an experimental canine model of heterogeneous emphysema.The dogs subsequently underwent unilateral bronchoscopic lung volume reduction(BLVR).Observing the postoperative condition of ventilation/perfusion,blood gas analysis,respiratory dynamics,hemodynamic measurement,HRCT and radiologic outcomes,compared with the preoperative level,the correlative mechanism and the effects of BLVR were analyzed.Methods There were 15 healthy dogs that were treated samely with localized papain instillations under bronchoscopic guidance to generate heterogeneous emphysema.The right dorsal lobe was selected as the target area.All dogs were divided into 3 groups randomly.Group A was control group;Group B and Group C received BLVR 6 weeks later while group A was raised as the same way.Group B underwent endobronchial valve insertion(EVI);Group C underwent bronchial blocking with albumin gel.Measurements were made in each animal at 3 time points:prior to papain exposure(base-line),after establishment of emphysema(6 weeks later),6 weeks after BLVR.Data included blood gas analysis(PaO2,PaCO2),respiratory dynamics(respiratory peak pressure,lung compliance),hemodynamic measurement(pulmonary artery pressure,pulmonary capillary vessel wedge pressure),nuclear ventilation/perfusion scan(CTS,CTS/PIX).Dogs were euthanized at 6-week time point followed by autopsy.The data was statistically managed and compared.Results After development of emphysema,all dogs exhibitted aggravation in PaO2,PaCO2,PAP and lung compliance(P0.05).Through ventilation/perfusion scan,CTS/PIX of the target areas reduced(P

Objective:To develop a method for the simultaneous determination of vinyl chloride and vinylidenechloride in drug packaging materials containing polyvinyl chloride /polyvinylidene chloride by HS-GC.Methods: A Stabilwax (30.0 m ×0.25 mm, 0.25 μm) capillary column and an FID detector were adopted .The headspace equivalent temperature was 80℃for 30 min and the col-umn temperature was 40℃.The inlet temperature was 190℃and the detector temperature was 210℃.N2 was used as the carrier gas . The flow rate was 1.0 ml · min-1 .Results: Vinyl chloride had a good linear relationship within the range of 0.5-2.5 μg ( r =0.996 7), and the average recovery was 90.4%(RSD=0.9%, n=9).Vinylidenechloride had a good linear relationship within the range of 1.0-5.0 μg (r=0.999 0), and the average recovery was 90.0%(RSD=0.6%, n=9).Conclusion: The method is fast and accurate in the simultaneous determination of vinyl chloride and vinylidenechloride in drug packaging materials containing polyvinyl chloride/polyvinylidene chloride .

Objective:To investigate the expression of serum caspase-cleaved cytokeratin 18(CCCK-18) in patients with cerebral ischemic stroke and its diagnostic value.Methods:One hundred and six patients with cerebral ischemic stroke who were diagnosed and treated in Affiliated Dongfeng Hospital from October 2018 to October 2019 were selected as the study group. Ninety patients who underwent digital subtraction angiography (DSA) during the same period and showed no other abnormalities inside or outside the skull were selected as control group. The baseline data of gender, age, drinking history, smoking history, hypertension history, diabetes history, coronary heart disease, and other subjects in the two groups had no significant differences ( P>0.05). Cubital venous blood of 5 ml from two groups of subjects were collected, and the level of serum CCCK-18 was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were detected by enzymatic method. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) was used to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of serum CCCK-18 in patients with ischemic stroke, and the relationship between serum CCCK-18 and TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C were analyzed by Pearson test. Results:The levels of serum CCCK-18, TC, TG, and LDL-C in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group: (158.10 ± 50.89) U/L vs. (85.57 ± 35.25) U/L, (4.26 ± 0.92) mmol/L vs. (3.92 ± 0.80) mmol/L, (2.34 ± 0.53) mmol/L vs. (1.83 ± 0.47) mmol/L, (3.12 ± 0.73) mmol/L vs. (2.61 ± 0.67) mmol/L, and HDL-C level was lower than that in the control group: (1.20 ± 0.24) mmol/L vs. (1.32 ± 0.28) mmol/L, and there were significant differences ( P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that CCCK-18, TC, TG, LDL-C, and HDL-C were independent risk factors for patients with ischemic stroke ( P<0.05). The area under the curve(AUC) of serum CCCK-18 to distinguish ischemic stroke from the control group was 0.878, with a sensitivity of 84.91% and a specificity of 78.89%. The AUC of serum CCCK-18 to identify patients with mild ischemic stroke was 0.763, with a sensitivity of 70.37% and a specificity of 78.89%. Correlation analysis showed that serum CCCK-18 was positively correlated with TC, TG, and LDL-C in patients with ischemic stroke ( r = 0.711, 0.722, 0.705), and negatively correlated with HDL-C ( r = - 0.714), and there were significant differences ( P<0.01). Conclusions:Serum CCCK-18 levels are significantly increased in patients with cerebral ischemic stroke, which can be used as a biomarker for diagnosis and judgment of disease severity.

Epilepsies, Myoclonic ; genetics ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Molecular Biology ; NAV1.1 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; genetics ; Sodium Channels ; genetics

Atrial Fibrillation ; pathology ; Humans ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A

Atrial Fibrillation ; surgery ; Catheter Ablation ; methods ; Humans

Action Potentials ; drug effects ; physiology ; Animals ; Cadmium ; toxicity ; Calcium Channels, L-Type ; physiology ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; drug effects ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To determine the contents of organic acids in different processed products and different parts of Schisandra Chinensis Fruits by HPLC;To discuss the influence of different processing methods on contents of organic acids.Methods Ecosil C18-AQ Column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5μm) was used with mobile phase of methanol-0.5% acetic acid (15∶85), at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, and the detection wavelength was 260 nm for protocatechuic acid;mobile phase of acetonitrile∶15 mmol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffered saline solution=3∶97 (phosphoric acid adjusting pH=3), at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, and the detection wavelength was 210 nm for citric acid.Results The contents of protocatechuic acid and citric acid in Schisandra Chinensis Fruits, wine steaming and vinegar steaming Schisandra Chinensis Fruits were 0.0098%, 0.0124%, 0.0121% and 14.8293%, 14.1694%, 14.3650%, respectively. The contents of protocatechuic acid and citric acid in pulp, seeds were 0.0123%, 0.0090%, and 22.8810%, 3.8990%, respectively.Conclusion The protocatechuic acid was increased significantly after being processed, but citric acid showed a small change and had a slight downward trend. The two organic acids in pulp were higher than the two in seeds.

Objective A stable rat model of heat stroke was established to investigate heat stroke-induced changes of the intestinal epithelial tight junction (TJ) barrier permeability, and to investigate the mechanism by observing the changes of TJ protein (occludin) expression and TJ morphology. Methods SD rats were randomly divided into two groups(n = 10): heat stroke group and normal control group. Stable model of heat stroke was established. Anesthetized rats were exposed to 42 ℃ in a ventilated chamber for 50min, after heat exposure, the rats were placed in room temperature(26 ℃ ) for 2 h. Then the rats were sacrificed and samples were taken. The effect of heat stroke on intestinal epithelial barrier permeability was observed through changes of plasma FD4 and endotoxin concentration, cytokines concentration was detected as inflammatory indicators. The general and micro pathology was observed by light microscope (hematoxylin and eosin-staining, HE staining) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Occludin expression was investigated by Western bloting and immunochemistry. Results At 2 h after heat exposure, intestinal epithelial barrier permeability( FD4 and endotoxin concentration), and cytokines levels of heat stroke group were significantly higher than normal control group(P ＜ 0. 05 ). In morphology, by observing the light micrographs of HE jejunal tissue, the sloughing of epithelium off the basement membrane at the villus tips of the heat stroke group compared with the normal controlgroup. In many visual fields (VF)( ≥6VF/slice), this phenomenon was not universal. Under TEM, TJ of normal enterocytes was integrated with the compact zonal structure. At 2 h after heat exposure, TJ of heat stroke group was broken with widen intercellular space, and the density of TJ was decreased. In immunochemistry assay, the positive signal was distributed along the cell membrane in normal small intestinal tissue, while the signal was obviously decreased in heat stroke group.The results of Western bloting showed that occludin expresion of heat stroke group was significantly lower than normal control group(P ＜0.05). Conclusion Heat stroke decreased occludin expression, opened the intestinal epithelial TJ, which destroyed intestinal epithelial tight junction barrier, induced high intestinal epithelial barrier permeability, produced endotoxemia and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS).

Objective To eraluate the methods and results of endoscopic mucosal resections for colonic laterally spreading tumors with early malignant degeneration. Methods The pit pattern was studied with magnitying colonoscopy and mucosal staining technique for colonic laterally spreading tumors (LST) undergoing early earcinatous degeneration. They were removed with endoscopic mucosal resection techniques. A follow-up study was made. Results Eight patients suffering from early carcinoma on top of colonic laterally spreading tumors were followed-up. ① 75% of the lesions were situated in the rectum, sigmoid colon and decending colon. ② 75% of the lesions were larger than 30mm in diameter. ③ 75% of the lesions belonged to Ⅳpit pattern. ④ 62.5% of the lesions were Villous adenomas and 75% of the onalignant change involved the mucosa only. ⑤ All the lesions were completely removed by EMR, ⑥ No local residual lesion, recurrence or metastasis was discovered in all the patients after a mean follow-up period of 20.7 months. Conclusions Most of the early carcinomas originated from colonic LST involved the mucosa only. Endoscopic mucosal resection may be a curative method for the early cancer arising from colonic LST.