OBJECTIVE:To facilitate the construction of Chinese pharmaceutical profession associations. METHODS: We analyzed the current situation and problems existing in Chinese pharmaceutical profession association as well as the developmental experience of foreign pharmaceutical associations then put forward suggestions for the development of pharmaceutical profession associations in China. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: The sound development of pharmaceutical profession associations calls for the cooperated efforts of government, profession association and pharmaceutical enterprises, meanwhile its function as bridge and tie between pharmaceutical enterprises and government should be brought into full play.

Humans ; Pulpitis ; diagnosis

Excitatory Amino Acids ; secretion ; Humans ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; secretion ; Pain, Postoperative ; etiology ; metabolism ; prevention & control

Chronic Disease ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Humans ; Periapical Abscess ; pathology ; Periapical Granuloma ; pathology ; Periapical Periodontitis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Problem Solving ; Prognosis ; Radicular Cyst ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology

Arthralgia ; etiology ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; surgery ; Pain, Postoperative ; etiology

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of auricular plaster therapy plus scalp acupuncture in treating post-stroke depression.Methods One hundred and twenty-five patients with post-stroke depression were randomly allocated to group A of 42 cases, group B of 42 cases and group C of 41 cases. Group A received scalp acupuncture alone; group B, auricular plaster therapy alone; group C, auricular plaster therapy plus scalp acupuncture. The Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) score was recorded in the three groups before and after treatment. The clinical therapeutic effects were compared between the three groups. Results There was a statistically significant pre-/post-treatment difference in the HAMD score in the three groups after two months of treatment (P<0.01). There was a statistically significant difference in the HAMD score between group C and group A or B after one and two months of treatment (P<0.05). The total effective rate and marked efficacy rate were respectively 95.0% and 33.3% in group A, versus 88.1% and 35.7% in group B, and 92.7% and 56.1% in group C, and the marked efficacy rate in group C were significantly different from that in group A and group B (P<0.05). There is not a statistically significant difference in the total effective rate among the three groups (P>0.05).Conclusion Auricular plaster therapy plus scalp acupuncture is an effective way to treat post-stroke depression.

The mechanism of drug resistance of refractory epilepsy has remained unclear.In recent years,studies have shown that the multi-drug resistance associated protein(MRP) is related with refractory epilepsy.The mechanism responsible for the drug resistance may have something to do with the higher expression of MRP1 mRNA in brain tissues of refractory epilepsy patients.Through the use of drugs in cells to cells from the pump,it can reduce the drug concentration in brain and make the creation bears the medicine and inhibitors specific for MRP,which can significantly improve the effect of some antiepileptic drugs.Thus,further studies may provide new ways for the treatment of refractory epilepsy and find targets for new antiepileptic drugs.

MicroRNA (miRNA),an abundant class of small non-coding RNA,are abundant in the central nervous system where they play important roles in the neuronal development and plasticity.Moreover,the relationship between miRNA dysfunction and neurological diseases become more and more apparent.Recent studies show that the misregulated expression of miRNA out of control is closely related to the development of glioma.In this review we discussed the progress on the study of miRNA in Glioma.

0.05);but the treatment outcome of type Ⅲ fracture in operative reduction and internal fixation group was superior to that in there was statistical difference in manipulation plus plaster external fixation group(?2=7.636,P =0.006

Objective:To find out the safe actuality and research trend of herbal medicine injection so as to pro- vide corresponding information for health professionals and herbal medicine researchers.Method:A bibliometrical analysis was performed of the categories and distributions of time,journals,authors and resources of 1048 literatures with correlative subjects retrieved from database of China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI).Result:An increasing emphasis of the ADRs of herbal medicine injections was made by health professionals; however,the categories and distributions of these literatures were distributed non-homogeneously,and the kernel journals and kernel group of authors not formed.Conclu- sion:There is a growing need to investigate and monitor the use of herbal medicine injections,and also to think over and study the problems about how to improve the concern of some related enterprises and R&D agencies for the drug safety dur- ing the establishment of pharmacovigilance.