Objective To study the effect of neural stem cell transplantation on neurological behavior and expressions of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 in rats with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods A total of 108 SD rats were randomly divided into the sham group (n=36), traumatic brain injury group (TBI, n=36) and neural stem cell transplantation group (NSC, n=36). TBI model of rats was established by using improved Feeney method. Rats of NSC group were injected neural stem cells in cortex after traumatic brain injury was established for 1 week, and then nurological severity scores (NSS) of rats were evaluated at 7 days, 14 days and 21 days after cell transplantation in TBI and NSC groups, respectively. Rats of sham group were only cut the scalp and exposed the skull without striking. The expressions of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 in brain tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot method. Results Compared with NSC group at the same time points, NSS was decreased significantly in TBI group (P<0.01). Compared with the sham group, the optical density (OD) values of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 positive expressions were increased significantly in TBI group (P<0.05). Compared with TBI group at the same time points, the OD values of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 positive expressions were decreased significantly in NSC group (P<0.05). Conclusion The neural stem cell transplantation can promote the recovery of brain injury by down-regulating the expressions of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9.

Objective To undenstand the effects of performing the project of water and environmental sanitation (WES) on the environmental sanitation in countryside. Methods In the WES project-performed counties, the densities of fly and maggot, and the odor complains in household latrines were investigated, the status of peasants' hygienic knowledge and personal sanitary behavior and habits, and satisfaction at the sanitary latrines were investigated by means of a unified questionaire in 8 latrine-improved villages and one latrine-unimproved village (control village). Results The densities of fly and maggot and the oder complains in household improved latrines were all significantly lower than those in control household latrines. In the WES project-performed villages, higher levels of hygienic knowledge, better sanitary behavior and habit were observed in peasants compared with those in control village. 94.0% of the peasants in latrine-improved households satisfied the sanitary latrines. Conclusion Performance of WES project rose the whole level of the environmental sanitation in rural area.

Objective:To prepare the monoclonal antibodies against chicken CARP.Methods:The chicken CARP cDNA encoding the N-terminal 110aa length of encoding region was cloned into prokaryotic expression vector pET28b.The BALB/c mice were immunized with purified the recombinant protein,spleen cells of mouse were fused with SP2/0,and the positive clones were screened by indirect ELISA.The properties of McAb were analyzed by ELISA and Western blot.Results:Two hybridomas were proved to have the capability of stably secreting McAb against chicken CARP,designated as 4A8 and 4E6,the subtype of both was IgG1,and the light chain was ?.The titers of ascites were 3.2?104 and 1.28?105 respectively.The Western blot results suggested that they could recognize chicken CARP protein.Conclusion:Two murine hybridomas secreting anti-chicken CARP McAbs have been successfully obtained.

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of nalmefene hydrochloride in the treatment of patients with traumatic shock. Methods:Totally 62 cases of patients with traumatic shock were randomly divided into nalmefene treatment group (n=31) and the control group ( n =31 ) according to the random number table. The control group was given the conventional treatment, while nalmefene treatment group was treated with nalmefene hydrochloride additionally. The changes of hemodynamics, plasma TNF-αand vas-cular endothelial function index were compared between the groups. Results:The mean arterial pressure in 24h after the treatment signifi-cantly decreased when compared with that in 12h after the treatment of nalmefene treatment group, and the difference was statistically sig-nificant (P<0. 05);the heart rate in 12h and 24h after the treatment in nalmefene treatment group significantly decreased when com-pared with that before the treatment, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0. 05);the plasma TNF-αlevels in 24h after the treatment in nalmefene treatment group significantly decreased when compared with that in 12h after the treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 05), and there was no significant difference in plasma TNF-α levels before the treatment and in 12h after the treatment (P<0. 05);the plasma NO and ET in 24h after the treatment in nalmefene treatment group significantly decreased when compared with that in 12h after the treatment, and the difference were statistically significant (P<0. 05);and there was no signifi-cant difference in plasma NO and ET before the treatment and in 24h after the treatment (P<0. 05);abnormality in electrocardiogram, routine blood tests, routine urine and liver and renal function examinations were not found, and no obvious adverse drug reactions were shown during the treatment course. Conclusion:Nalmefene hydrochloride combined with the conventional treatment in the patients with traumatic shock shows striking efficiency with notable effects on hemodynamics ( heart rate and mean arterial pressure) , which can reduce plasma TNF-α, NO and ET levels and shows significant research significance.

Objective To investigate the relationship and mechanism between the serum level of high mobility group box protein-1(HMGB1)and the mortality rate in patients with sepsis.Methods The serum levels of HMGB1,superoxide dismutase(SOD)and malondialdehyde(MDA)in 48 patients with sepsis were determined.The clinical outcomes in those patients were recorded and anlyzed.Results After the onset of sepsis,the serum HMGB1 levels of both death group and survival group were increased gradually and peaked at 72h after the onset of the disease.The semm HMGB1 levels of death group were much higher than those of survival group except at 24h(t=6.07,6.20,24.43,all P＜0.05).The activity of serum SOD of death group was markedly lower than that of survival group at 12h,24h,48h and 72h(t=10.24,20.61,11.67,33.33,all P＜0.05),and the level of serum MDA of death group was significantly higher than those of survival group at all time points(t=26.06,22.17,23.86,9.49,5.95,all P＜0.05).There was a significantly positive correlation between the serum HMGB1 and MDA level.Conlusioa The increase in serum HMGB1 level may be the important reasoll for the increased mortality rate in patients with sepsis;Oxidant/antioxidant imbalance may be olle reason for the increase in serum HMGB1 level.

Objective To study the value of objective information transformation by analyzing oral diseases in outpa-tient department of our hospital and the diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases between expert clinic and outpatient clinic. Methods Oral diseases in over 50000 cases who visited the outpatient department of our hospital in 2015 were classified according to the ICD10 and analyzed by Pareto analysis. Results Dental carries, pulpitis, chronic periodontitis and dental crowding were the major diseases detected in outpatient department of our hospital, ac-counting for 80% of the total outpatients, and importance was thus attached to their treatment. Oral diseases re-ceived orthodontic therapy in expert clinic and received tooth implantation in outpatient clinic. Conclusion Hospi-tals should scientifically allocate their medical resources, strengthen the training of their young dentists, bring into full play of their limited medical resources according to the distribution of oral diseases in their outpatient depart-ments in order to meet the increasing demand of oral healthcare.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of endoscope emergency operation in the treatment of gastric variceal bleeding.Methods According to the digital table,90 patients with acute bleeding gastric varices were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group,each group 45 cases.The control group only received drug treatment,and the observation group was given endoscopic therapy.The clinical effect of the two groups were compared.Results The immediate hemostatic rate,rebleeding rate,varicose veins subsided total efficiency of the observation group were 100.00％,17.78％,86.67％,respectively,which were better than those of the control group (84.44％,44.44％,28.89％) (x2 ＝ 5.72,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Endoscope emergency operation combined with oral drug in treatment of gastric variceal bleeding has good effect,can achieve rapid hemostasis,prevent recurrence,and it is worthy of clinical application.

ObjectiveTo explore the biological features of colorectal adenoma with chicken-skin mucosa ( CSM ) and its clinical significance.MethodsExpression of cell proliferation markers ( Ki-67 and COX-2) and apoptosis-related factors ( survivin and caspase-3) in normal colorectal mucosa,colorectal adenoma without CSM,colorectal adenoma with CSM and colorectal adenocarcinoma were detected by immunohistochemistry SP method and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsImmunohistochemical results revealed a decreased trend in expressions of Ki-67 and COX-2 from colorectal adenocarcinoma through colorectal adenoma with and without CSM to normal colorectal mucosa,while the expressions of survivin and caspase-3 showed an increased trend.By ELISA,the expressions of Ki-67,COX-2,surviving and caspase-3 showed no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05 ) between colorectal adenoma with CSM and coloreetal adenocarcima,while these variables were significantly different (P ＜ 0.05) between coloreetal adenoma with and without CSM,so as well between normal colorectal mucosa and other 3 groups.ConclusionThe biological characteristics of colorectal adenoma with CSM are different from those without,showing an activated cell proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis with increased carcinogenesis risk.

Objective To investigate the effects of different doses of dexmedetomidine on the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane required to inhibit the body movement evoked by skin incision.Methods ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients of both sexes,aged 18-64 yr,with body mass index of 21-27 kg/m2,undegoing elective lower abdominal surgery under general anesthesia,were randomly divided into 4 groups:control group (group C) and different doses of dexmedetomidine groups (groups D1,D2 and D3 ).Dexmedetomidine 0.2,0.4 and 0.6 μg/kg in 15 ml of normal saline was infused over 30 min before induction of anesthesia in groups D1,D2 and D3 respectively.While 15 ml of normal saline was given instead in group C.Anesthesia was induced with inhalation of 8％ sevoflurane.The patients were mechanically ventilated after tracheal intubation.Anesthesia was maintained with inhalation of sevoflurane.The initial end-tidal concentration of sevoflurane was set at 3.0％,3.0％,2.5％,2.0％ in groups C,D1,D2 and D3 respectively.The ratio between the two successive concentrations was 0.9.Skin incision was made after 15 min of equilibratiton.At least 7 independent crossover pairs were observed in each group.The MAC of sevoflurane was the mean of the end-tidal concentration of sevoflurane of each crossover pair,and 95 ％ confidence interval (CI) was calculated.Results In groups C,D1,D2 and D3,18,20,20 and 22 patients were enrolled respectively.The MAC (95 ％ CI) of sevoflurane was 2.5 ％ (2.3 ％-2.8 ％ ),1.5 ％ ( 1.3 ％-1.7％),1.3％ (1.0％-1.6％) and 1.1％ (0.7％-1.5％) in groupsC,D1,D2 and D3 respectively.The MAC of sevoflurane was significantly lower in groups D1,D2,D3 than in group C,and in groups D2 and D3 than in group D1 ( P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the MAC of sevoflurane between groups D2 and D3 ( P ＞0.05).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine 0.2,0.4,0.6 μg/kg can significantly decrease the MAC of sevoflurane required to inhibit the body movement evoked by skin incision in a dose-dependent manner.

Objective To investigate the value of laparoscopy in the treatment of liver cancer.Methods The clinical data of 128 liver cancer patients who received laparoscopic surgery at Southwest Hospital from March 2007 to October 2009 were retrospectively analyzed.Of all patients,116 were with primary liver cancer,and 12 with metastatic liver cancer.There were 107 patients who received laparoscopie bepatectomy,15 received laparoscopic radiofrequency ablation(RFA)and 6 received laparoscopic ligation of the right branch of portal vein.Results Of the 107 patients who received laparoscopic bepatectomy,7 were converted to open surgery,and 5 were converted to hand-assisted laparoscopic hepatectomy.Anatomical hepatectomy was performed on 88 patients,including left lateral lobectomy on 21,left hemihepatectomy on 15,extended left hemihepatectomy on 2,medial lobectomy on 1,right hemihepatectomy on 11,right posterior lobeetomy on 9 and hepatic segmentectomy on 29.Combined hepatic resection was performed on 4 patients,and nonanatomical hepatectomy on 15.The mean oporatire time and blood loss were(228±92)minutes and(393±213)ml,with no operative mortality.The mean postoperative hospital stay was(8±4)days,and the incidence of complications was 15%(16/107).A total of 126 patients were followed up for 1-42 months,12 patients with laparoscopic hepatectomy died within 16 months,with the mean survival time of(118±7)weeks and the mean tumor free survival time of(105±7)weeks;2 patients with laparoscopic RFA died within 11 months:2 patients with laparoseopie ligation of the right branch of portal vein received two-stage radical resection.Conclusion Laparoscopic surgery is safe and feasible with the advantages of minimal operative trauma and quick recovery of patients when it is applied to the treatment of liver cancer.