ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy,safety and clinical value of anterior urethral fusion to treat diphallia.MethodsA 17-year-old male patient with complete penile diphallia was treated in March 2011.The physical examination showed two completely separated mature penis; urethrography,and urethroscope showed the two urethras were completely separated and entered the bladder respectively.Two anterior urethras were incised respectively at ventral sides ( from the meatus to bulbar urethra) and then two incised anterior urethras were splintered by a continuous suture with 4-0 polyglactin sutures in side and side.Two penises were splintered into one.The nocturnal penile tumescence test and the penis vibration thresholds were assessed before,and after surgery..ResultsThe patient was followed up for 12 months.There was no hematoma,urinary fistula,urinary incontinence and other complications postoperatively.The penis was recovered with normal appearance; urination and morning erection of penile were normal.6 months after surgery,there was no significant difference in the nocturnal penile tumescence and penis vibration thresholds detection ( P ＞ 0.05).ConclusionThe operation of anterior urethral fusion is a safe and efficient surgical treatment to treat partial complete penile diphallia with less complication and no worse effect on urination and erection of penile.

Recent studies have discovered a selective autophagy-lipophagy, which can selectively identify and degrade lipids and plays an important role in regulating cellular lipid metabolism and maintaining intracellular lipid homeostasis. The process of lipophagy can be directly or indirectly regulated by genes, enzymes, transcriptional regulators and other factors. This review examines the role of lipophagy in reducing liver lipid content, regulating pancreatic lipid metabolism, and regulating adipose tissue differentiation, and summarizes the findings of the molecules (Rab GTPase, enzymes, ion channels, transcription factors, small molecular substances) involved in the regulation of lipophagy, which points to new directions for the treatment of diseases caused by lipid accumulation.
Adipose Tissue ; Autophagy ; Homeostasis ; Lipid Metabolism ; Liver