Objective To investigate the expression changes of victims suffering from sudden cardiac death(SCD), eurological calcium adhesion proteins (N-Cadherin) and Bax and explore their significance in forensic medicine. Methods Separately select 33 samples of myocardial tissue suffering from sudden cardiac death and 29 samples of myocardial tissue from the cases which were diagnosed not dying of heart disease as SCD and controls. Histological methods were used to examine the morphologic changes in myocardial tissue, examining the expression changes of N-Cadherin and Bax and analyzing them in a statistic way. Results N-Cadherin was weakly positively expressed in myocardial tissue of group SCD and the cells shew disordered arrangement, which is obviously lower than the controls. The cells exhibited obvious features ordered arrangement in control group. The positive expression of Bax was detected in myocardial tissue of group SCD, which is obviously higher than the controls. Conclusion The expression changes observation of N-Cadherin and Bax will make a difference to the sudden cardiac death.

0.05,respectively).The effect of test groups on the bacteria and fungi compared with that of control groups in dynamically monitoring showed significance(P

Objective This paper aimes to analyze the scientific research development trend,research emphasis and cooperation situation of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention since its establishment,to provide the suggestions for policy making of scientific management and related decisions.Methods Based on GoPubMed,Literature quantitative analysis was used to analyze the publication time and journal distribution,research topics and core authors of the scientific papers from 2002 to 2015.Results A total number of 4 501 research papers had been published in 576 different kinds of periodicals.Research topics were based on population health with special focus on the epidemiological,microbiological and etiological studies of infectious disease.Chronic non-communicable disease and health research were paying more and more attention to.Core author group and the core research team have been formed.Conclusions The capability to conduct scientific research was increased and the international influence was increasing year by year,the ability of infectious disease control was strengthened,and the scientific research team worked together more closely.Thus,the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention should reinforce scientific management,develop advanced disciplines,as well as improve the quality of scientific research in the future.

Objective: To examine the association between sleep and frailty using the bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach, so as to provide the basis for the prevention and intervention of frailty. Methods: The data on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) related to sleep duration, insomnia and morning chronotype were collected from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and meta-analysis of GWAS, involving 446 118, 1 331 010 and 697 828 participants, respectively. The frailty was evaluated using the frailty index, and the relevant SNP data were collected from a meta-analysis of GWAS involving 175 226 participants. A bidirectional MR analysis was performed using the inverse-variance weighted method. Sensitivity analyses employed the weighted median method, the maximum likelihood-based method, the MR-Egger regression, and the MR-PRESSO test. Results: Forward MR analysis showed that longer sleep duration (β=-0.170, 95%CI: -0.255 to -0.085) and morning chronotype (β=-0.036, 95%CI: -0.058 to -0.014) decreased the risk of frailty, while insomnia increased the risk of frailty (β=0.167, 95%CI: 0.149-0.184). Reverse MR analysis showed that frailty increased the risk of insomnia (OR=1.645, 95%CI: 1.278-2.117). Both bidirectional MR results were robust, which excluded the impact of heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy. Conclusion Sleep duration, insomnia, and morning chronotype are associated with frailty.

Objective To analyze the effect of different treatment conditions on cells synchronization in G0/G1 phase to get the best con-dition, and to explore its effect on neural differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) induced by basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). Methods BMSCs were isolated and cultured in 5%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.1%, 0 fetal bovine serum (FBS) respectively, for 24 hours and 48 hours. After PI staining, cell cycle proportions of each phase were detected by flow cytometry, and were compared with the normal group (10%FBS). After the optimal treatment condition was got, 20 ng/ml bFGF was added into synchronization group and unsyn-chronization group 3 days and 7 days, respectively. The expression of Nestin and Tuj-1 were detected with immunofluorescence. Results Adult rat BMSCs were isolated from bone marrow and cultured, after passage, the cells were with long spindle shape. Compared with the normal group, the cell proportion of G1/G0 phase increased under different treatments, peaked with (94.274 ± 0.468)%under 1%FBS, 48 hours (F=39.91, P<0.001). After bFGF induction for 3 days, the Nestin+cell number was higher in the synchronization group than in the un-synchronization group [(80.3 ± 2.4)%vs. (12.1 ± 1.5)%] (F=28.25, P<0.001). After bFGF induction for 7 days, the Tuj-1+cell number was higher in the synchronization group than in the unsynchronization group [(74.8±3.2%)%vs. (19.3±2.5)%] (F=17.95, P<0.001). Conclusion 1%FBS, 48 hours is the optimal condition to BMSCs synchronization in G0/G1 phase, which can promote the neural differentiation of BM-SCs.

Objective: To conduct a scoping review on prognostic prediction models for patients with comorbidity of chronic diseases, and understand modeling methods, predictive factors and predictive effect of the models, so as to provide the reference for prognostic evaluation on patients with comorbidity of chronic diseases. Methods: Literature on prognostic prediction models for patients with comorbidity of chronic diseases was collected through SinoMed, CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science published from the time of their establishment to November 1, 2023. The quality of literature was assessed using prediction model risk of bias assessment tool (PROBAST), then modeling methods, predictive factors and predictive effects were reviewed. Results: Totally 2 130 publications were retrieved, and nine publications were finally enrolled, with an overall high risk of bias. Thirteen models were involved, with three established using machine learning methods and ten established using logistic regression. The prediction results of four models were death, with main predictive factors being age, gender, body mass index (BMI), Barthel index and pressure ulcers; the prediction results of nine models were rehospitalization, with main predictive factors being age, BMI, hospitalization frequency, duration of hospital stay and hospitalization costs. Eleven models reported the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), ranging from 0.663 to 0.991 6; two models reported the C-index, ranging from 0.64 to 0.70. Eight models performed internal validation, one model performed external validation, and four models did not reported verification methods. Conclusions The prognostic prediction models for patients with comorbidity of chronic diseases are established by logistic regression and machine learning methods with common nursing evaluation indicators, and perform well. Laboratory indicators should be considered to add in the models to further improve the predictive effects.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the influencing factors for medication compliance in patients with comorbidities of chronic diseases, so as to provide the evidence for improving medication compliance. Methods: Literature on influencing factors for medication compliance in patients with comorbidities of chronic diseases were retrived from CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Embase from inception to January 20, 2024. After independent literature screening, data extraction, and quality assessment by two researchers, a meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 and Stata 16.0 softwares. Literature were excluded one by one for sensitivity analysis. Publication bias was assessed using Egger's test. Results: Initially, 7 365 relevant articles were retrieved, and 35 of them were finally included, with a total sample size of about 150 000 individuals. There were 30 cross-sectional studies and 5 cohort studies; and 11 high-quality studies and 24 medium-quality studies. The meta-analysis showed that the demographic factors of lower level of education (OR=2.148, 95%CI: 1.711-2.696), lower economic income (OR=1.897, 95%CI: 1.589-2.264), male (OR=0.877, 95%CI: 0.782-0.985), living alone (OR=2.833, 95%CI: 1.756-4.569) and unmarried (OR=2.784, 95%CI: 1.251-6.196); the medication treatment factors of polypharmacy (OR=1.794, 95%CI: 1.190-2.706), potentially inappropriate medication (OR=2.988, 95%CI: 1.527-5.847), low frequency of daily medication (OR=0.533, 95%CI: 0.376-0.754) and adverse drug reactions (OR=3.319, 95%CI: 1.967-5.602); the disease factors of long course of disease (OR=2.118, 95%CI: 1.643-2.730), more comorbidities (OR=1.667, 95%CI: 1.143-2.431) and cognitive impairment (OR=2.007, 95%CI: 1.401-2.874); and the psychosocial factors of poor belief in taking medication (OR=1.251, 95%CI: 1.011-1.547), poor self-rated health (OR=1.990, 95%CI: 1.571-2.522) and being guided by healthcare professionals (OR=0.151, 95%CI: 0.062-0.368) were the influencing factors for medication compliance in patients with chronic comorbidities. Conclusion The medication compliance in patients with comorbidities of chronic diseases is associated with demographic factors, pharmacological factors, disease factors and psychosocial factors, mainly including living alone, adverse drug reactions, course of disease, number of comorbidities and medication beliefs.

Objective To establish a rat xenograft model of human uterine leiomyoma using immunosuppressive a-gent and provide a useful tool for the study on uterine leiomyoma. Methods Intragastric administration with immunosup-pressive agent mycophenolate mofetil(MMF)(40 mg/kg)was given to rats for two weeks before the surgery until the end of the experiment. 20 SPF female Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups after abdominal transplantation of human leiomyoma tissues:group A received femoston containing 0.4 mg/kg estradiol and 2 mg/kg dydrogesterone, group B re-ceived estadiol 0.4 mg/kg,group C received dydrogesterone 2 mg/kg,and group D served as the control group, received distilled water 1 mL/200 g. All rat received the corresponding drugs once per day for 2 days. Samples were taken at 4 weeks after the surgery to observe the pathology of the tumor tissues. Results The modeling success rates were 90% in the group A,40 % in the group B,and 0% in the groups C and D. Conclusions Rat xenograft model of human leiomyoma can be successfully established using an immunosuppressive agent femostone with a high modeling success rate and low cost. It can be used as a new animal model for the study of transplanted leiomyoma.

Objective:To explore the effect of nursing intervention based on leadership life cycle theory in patients with swallowing dysfunction after acoustic neuroma surgery.Methods:From February 2017 to March 2020, 100 patients with swallowing dysfunction after acoustic neuroma surgery in our hospital were selected as the research object. According to a random number table, a randomized controlled study was used to divide all patients into an observation group and a control group, 50 cases in each group. Patients in the control group received routine postoperative rehabilitation nursing, and the observation group adopted nursing intervention based on the leadership life cycle theory. After the intervention, the Water swallow test was used to evaluate the recovery of swallowing dysfunction in the two groups. A swallowing dysfunction rehabilitation training compliance questionnaire was used to evaluate rehabilitation compliance. The Swallowing Quality of Life scale (SWAL-QOL) was used to evaluate the quality of life of patients. At the same time the occurrence of aspiration pneumonia was recorded.Results:After the intervention, the result of drinking water test rating was better in the observation group compared the control group, the difference was statistically significant ( Uc=2.053, P <0.05). The participation in compliance, monitoring compliance and learning compliance scores were 16.94±2.46, 6.96±1.24, 5.66±2.11 in the observation group, significantly higher than in the control group (12.36±2.59, 4.80±1.20, 4.48±1.49), the difference was statistically significant ( t value was 9.058, 8.851, 3.236, P <0.05). After a one-month follow-up, the scores of psychological burden, eating time, appetite, swallowing symptom frequency, food choice, language communication, eating fear, mental health, social interaction, fatigue sleep were 8.06±1.39, 7.14±1.76, 10.92±1.79, 58.26±6.41, 6.38±1.81, 7.00±1.07, 15.82±2.41, 21.86±1.81, 16.80±1.81, 18.96±3.24, significantly higher than those of the control gorup (6.76±2.17, 4.80±1.83, 7.84±1.74, 37.30±5.07, 3.72±1.23, 4.98±1.33,12.06±2.97, 16.96±1.67, 11.00±1.76, 1.84±3.05), the differences were statistically significant ( t value was 6.945-18.142, P <0.05). The incidence of aspiration pneumonia in the observation group were 6.00% (3/50), lower than that in the control group 20.00% (10/50), the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 value was 4.332, P<0.05). Conclusions:Nursing intervention based on the leadership life cycle theory is beneficial to promote the recovery of swallowing dysfunction in patients with swallowing dysfunction after acoustic neuroma surgery, improve the compliance of rehabilitation training, improve the quality of life of patients, and reduce the occurrence of aspiration pneumonia.

Objective:To analyze the horizontal scientific research projects from 2015 to 2019 by the provincial Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in China, and to compare the regional differences, in order to provide the suggestion on the scientific management of CDC.Methods:The horizontal scientific research projects from 2015 to 2019 were retrospectively analyzed by questionnaire survey. Multiple linear regression models were adopted to examine the trend, and variance analyses were used to test the differences in horizontal scientific research projects among the Eastern, Central, and Western regions.Results:From 2015 to 2019, provincial CDC have received RMB 124.3 million of horizontal scientific research project funds totally, of which 51.9% were funded by enterprises, and 86.9% were undertaken by provincial CDC themselves. There were no statistical significance in the change of research project funds obtained by provincial CDC ( F=0.46, P = 0.764) during this period.The number of horizontal scientific research projects undertook or participated by provincial CDC in the Eastern region were more than that of the Central and Western region ( F = 5.85, P = 0.004; F = 5.03, P = 0.008). Conclusions:The horizontal scientific research projects obtained by the provincial CDC remained stable in recent years while distribution was unbalanced in the region areas. It is suggested to innovate the management mode of scientific research projects with strengthening the trans-agency, trans-department and trans-regional cooperation.