Objective To study the effects of bone marrow stromal cells derived neural stem cells on apoptosis and the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax after focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion.Methods The model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and reperfusion was set up by Longa. Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups: sham-operated group (A), ischemia control group (B), bone marrow stromal cells transplanted group (C) and bone marrow stromal cells derived neural stem cells transplanted group (D). The rats were killed on the day 7 and 14 after transplantation. The brain sections were used for terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP mickend labeling (TUNEL) staining and Bcl-2, Bax immunohistochemical staining.Results The number of apoptotic cells in groups C and D was decreased as compared with that in group B on the day 7 and 14 after transplantation (P

For screening the potential drugs as anti-liver fibrosis candidates, we established a high- throughput drug screening cell model based on COL1A1 promoter. The activity of COL1A1 promoter and luciferase reporter gene can be elevated by TGF-β1, and inhibited by candidate drugs. We constructed a recombined plasmid with COL1A1 promoter and luciferase reporter gene pGL4.17, the activity of COL1A1 promoter was reflected by fluorescence intensity. COL1A1 promoter activity was detected by Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay System, it came that the relative luciferase activity of COL1A1 promoter was 15.98 times higher than that of control group induced by TGF-β1, showing the recombined plasmid could be used in cell model. The recombined plasmid was transfected into human hepatic stellate cells LX2, detected the effect of potential drugs, and obtained a stable expression system through stable transfection and monoclonal cell culture. A sample which could reduce COL1A1 promoter activity signally by our cell model, decreased collagen I mRNA and protein expression detected by real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting. It indicates this novel cell model can be used in high-throughput drug screening of potential anti-liver fibrosis drugs.

Objective To investigate the occurrence, prevention and management of surgical complication of contralateral C7 nerve root transfer through the prespinal route to repair the brachial plexus nerve root avulsion injury. Methods From Feb. 2002 to Aug. 2009, 425 patients were performed the contralateral C7 nerve root transfer through the prespinal route with this procedure. There were 379 males and 46 females,with the average age of 21 years (range, 3 months to 56 years). The contralateral C7 nerve root was sectioned at the distal of the middle trunk in 15 cases, at the distal of the anterior and posterior division in 410 patients. The surgical complications related to the health C7 nerve root section and the make of tunnel through the prespinal route and others were analyzed retrospectively. Results The incidence rate of complication was 5.2%(22/425). The surgical complications related to the make of prespinal route including 2 cases had the severe bleeding during the operation because of vertebral artery injury; transitory laryrecurrent nerve palsy occurred in 5 cases, the pain and numbness occurred on the donor upper limber in 4 cases when the patients swallowed. The complications related to the section of contralateral C7 nerve root including the extension of finger and thumb was dysfunction in 5 patients after the operation, 3 cases had the severely pain on the health upper limber, Horner's sign occurred on donor side in 2 children suffered birth palsy, and C6 nerve root was mistaken sectioned as C7 in 1 case. Other serious perioperative complication including the thromboses of the cerebral trunk occurred in 1 case 42 hours postoperative and died in hospital 38 days after the operation. Conclusion The procedure of contralateral C7 nerve root transfer through the prespinal route is safe. The effective method to prevent this complication occurrence is to expose the origin segment of vertebral artery when making prespinal route.

BACKGROUND:Studies have found that combination of two of chitosan (CS), nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) and poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) can improve the mechanical properties and biocompatibility of the composite stent in certain extent as wel as improve osteogenic differentiation of the cels, but there is a certain distance from the ideal bone tissue engineering scaffolds.
OBJECTIVE:To study biocompatibility and osteoinductive activity of nHA/CS/PLGA scaffolds with different proportions in vitro.
METHODS: nHA/CS/PLGA scaffolds were prepared at mass ratio of 10:10:80, 10:20:70, 20:10:70 respectively by particle leaching method. And human bone marrow stem cels (hBMSCs) were co-cultured with these scaffolds in vitro. Adhesion, proliferation, and osteoinductive activity of these scaffolds were examined qualitatively and quantitatively by growth curve of hBMSCs on scaffolds. Gene expression of alkaline phosphatase activity and osteocalcin was detected by RT-PCR.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: hBMSCs could be attached, proliferated, and osteoinduced better on the nHA/CS/PLGA scaffold with the mass ratio of 20:10:70, compared to the other two groups of scaffolds. The differences were significant statisticaly (P< 0.05). Alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin expressions were respectively higher in the scaffold with the mass ratio of 20:10:70 after 9-27 days of co-culture and 15-27 days of co-culture, in comparison with the other two groups of scaffolds. These findings indicate that the nHA/CS/PLGA scaffolds with the mass ratio of 20:10:70 demonstrated preferable biocompatibility and osteogenic inductivity, which is expected to be a promising scaffold material for bone tissue engineering.

ObjectiveTo assess the effect of hemodialysis(HD),hemodiafiltration(HDF) and hemodialysis(HD) and hemoperfusion(HDP) on the quality of life,cognitive function and nutritional status in chronic renal failure(CRF) patients.MethodsAll patients were randomly divided into HD,HDF and HDP group.Mini-mental state examination(MMSE),Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST),SF-36 were measured for cognitive function,quality of life and nutrition indicators test.ResultsAfter 3,6 months treatment,MMSE ( respectively ( 22.62 ±3.85),(25.10 ±2.26),(25.35 ±2.44)and (23.87 ±4.19),(25.10 ±2.26),(27.19 ±2.23)),WCST indicators were statistically significant in the three groups (P ＜ 0.05 ) ;after 1,3,6 months treatment,the PF,RP,BP,GH,SF and nutrition indicators were significant difference too(P＜0.05 ) ; HDP and HDF,HD groups were statistically significant(P＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionHDF and HDP obviously influence on long-term cognitive function,physical health domains and nutritional status in CRF patients,and superior to HD.

Objective To investigate the current status about the application of alteplase (rt-PA) for intravenous thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke patients,and clarify the relevant factors affecting patients'compliance of intravenous thrombolysis.Methods The acute ischemic stroke patients admitted in Department of Emergency,from January 2014 to December 2015 were recruited for study prospectively.After the patients with contraindications of thrombolysis were excluded,the eligible patients were divided into two groups,intravenous thrombolysis group (ITG) and non-intravenous thrombolysis group (NTG).Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to determine the optimal cutoff point and the crucial NIHSS score of patients for decision on thrombolysis therapy.Results There were 230 patients with acute ischemic stroke occurred in the period of two years.Of 189 eligible patients,33 refused the intravenous thrombolysis treatment (NTG) whereas 156 willing to take the intravenous thrombolysis treatment (ITG).The intravenous thrombolysis rate of eligible ischemic stroke patients reached to Henan Provincial People's Hospital within the time window (4.5 hours) was 67.8％ without contraindications.The results of the single-factor analysis for the patients of the two groups displayed that the differences in factors including age,baseline NIHSS score,limb weakness,hemiplegic paralysis,dysphasia,as well as dizziness were significant between two groups (t =2.578,P =0.047;U =157.221,P =0.000;x2 =26.702,P =0.000;x2=9.069,P =0.003;x2 =7.381,P =0.007;x2 =28.636,P =0.000).The ROC analysis demonstrated the relationship between the baseline NIHSS score and the patients receiving intravenous thrombolysis.When NIHSS score ＜ 7,patients tended to refuse the treatment with intravenous thrombolysis (sensitivity 0.87,specificity 0.82).Among the patients receiving intravenous thrombolysis,the significant differences in intracranial hemorrhage rate,hospitalization mortality rate and 3-month mortality rate were not found between the patients with baseline NIHSS score≥7 and score ＜7 (1.9％ vs.3.9％,P =0.662;1.9％ vs.7.8％,P =0.168 and 3.8％ vs.11.7％,P =0.142,respectively).However a higher rate of favorable prognosis (3-month modified Rankin Scale score ≤ 1) was observed in thrombolysis patients (75.5％ vs.41.7％,P =0.000).Conclusions Factors such as age,baseline NIHSS score,limb weakness,hemiplegic paralysis,dysphasia,as well as dizziness are supposed to be associated with patients' compliance of intravenous thrombolysis.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the analgesic efficacy of compound lidocaine cream in lumbar puncture of children with leukemia and lymphoma. METHODS: 312 leukemia and lymphoma children necessarily undergone lumbar puncture were divided into compound lidocaine cream (cream) group and compound lidocaine injection (injation) group as control with 156 cases respectively according to the will of inpatient children and their family. For cream group, compound lidocaine cream was smeared on the skin around the lumbar puncture point evenly and covered with sterile and transparent dressing for about one hour before lumbar puncture. Then the cream and transparent dressing were removed and lumbar puncture was performed after regular disinfection. For control group, 2% compound lidocaine was injected as local anesthesia before lumbar puncture. The extent of pain was evaluated by Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale and FLACC Scale as well as children's physiological indexes (heart rate, breathing, blood pressure). The lumbar puncture success rate and the discomfortableness as well as family satisfaction were recorded by special person. RESULTS: Compared with control group, the incidence of pain and discomfortableness in cream group significantly reduced, and the family satisfaction significantly increased (P＜0.05). There were obviously differences in the physiological indexes (heart rate, breathing, systolic blood pressure) before and after lumbar puncture in control group (P＜0.05). However, the physiological indexes in cream group had no obvious change. There was no difference on the success rate of lumbar puncture between the two methods of anesthesia. CONCLUSION Compound lidocaine cream has significantly analgesic effect which can relieving pain caused by lumbar puncture for children.
Analgesics ; Anesthetics, Local ; Child ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; Humans ; Lidocaine ; Lidocaine, Prilocaine Drug Combination ; Spinal Puncture

Objective To study the effective hemostatic method for treating multiple trauma accompanied with hemorrhagic shock to increase the existence rate. Methods In treating 5 patients of multiple tauma accompanied with hemorrhagic shock, We used radiological embolism to injuried parenchymatous organs and injuried vessels to arrest the bleeding at first. After shock recovered, prompt exploration was made to repair injuried hollow viscus. Results After embolism and bleeding arrested, shocks in all 5 patients were corrected in short time; and no serious active hemorrhage was found after abdominal operation to repair the hollow viscus. All 5 patients survived after the operation. Conclusions The radiological embolism is simple,and has the little trauma and a good hemostatic effect,and needs short time. The method for treating multiple trauma can improve the salvage rate of multiple trauma accompanied with hemorrhagic shock and fit the treatment principle of multiple trauma.

Freshwater crabs (Sinopotamon denticulatum) were examined for metacercariae. Cats and dogs were also examined for Paragonimus infection. Questionnairing was carried out on health knowledge and behaviors among local residents in a village of Baokang County, Hubei Province. Results showed that the infection rate of Paragonimus skrjabini metacercariae in Sinopotamon denticulatum was 20.5% (46/214), with 15.6% (20/128) in a mining area and 30.2%(26/86) for the non-mining area respectively ( ?2=6.5, P0.05). Questionnairing showed that dogs and cats were with the habit of foraging and defecating at streams and children had the habits of eating raw or under-cooked crabs. The natural and ecological environments are in favor of the life cycle of P. skrjabini.

Objective: To estimate the transmission capacity of influenza clustering in schools and nurseries, and to evaluate the effect of suspension measures, providing a basis for formulating disease management strategies and control measures. Methods: The SEIAR dynamics model was used to simulate the epidemic data, calculating the basic regeneration coefficient R 0 of the epidemic to evaluate the epidemic transmission capacity, and calculating the cumulative incidence rate of the epidemic to evaluate the prevention and control effect of the suspension measures. Results: The basic regeneration coefficient R 0 was 8.44(8.01,8.89) without intervention. There were statistically significant differences in R 0 of influenza epidemic among different types of school(F=9.52, P<0.01). The R 0 of influenza epidemic in primary and secondary schools were higher than that in nurseries(P<0.05). R 0 of influenza A was higher than that of influenza B(t=2.71, P<0.01). R 0 of influenza A(H3) was higher than of influenza B(Victoria)(P<0.05). The cumulative incidence of the outbreaks which were suspended for 4 days and 7 days was significantly lower than that in the non-suspensions(P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the cumulative incidence of the outbreaks between the 4-day suspension and the 7-day suspension(P>0.05). Conclusion Transmission capacity of school-based influenza epidemic is high, especially among primary and secondary schools. When the epidemic situation of infected class meets the suspension standard, it is recommended to suspend classes for 4 days.