Objectives Hand-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy in living donors was studied in order to investigate the advantages and disadvantages of this technique as well as the feasibility in clinic use.Methods Hand-assisted laparoscopic live-donor nephrectomy and transplantations were done in 6 canine models,the operating time,warm ischemic time,function of the donor kidney and the recovery of donor were all recorded and analyzed.Results All dogs survival postoperation in our experiment;the mean operating time was 132 minutes,the mean warm ischemic time of kidney was 83 seconds,however,the mean time of micturation after graft reperfusion was 74 seconds.Conclusions Hand-assisted laparoscopic live-donor nephrectomy is feasible with short operating time and warm ischemic time; the grafting function was well and donors recovered quickly postoperation,the minimal trauma;this technique is worth to be widely used in living donor nephrectomy.

0.05).Conclusion Retropubic DVC control before laparoscopic radical prostatectomy is beneficial for both the surgical procedure and postoperative recovery of physiological functions,owing to minimal blood loss,clear surgical field,and less injury to the urinary continence system.

Objective To report the clinical outcomes of arthroscopic internal fixation by using anchor for tibial eminence fracture.Methods From January 2004 to January 2005,12 cases of tibial eminence were treated by arthroscopy with anchor fixation.Rehabilitation therapy was carried out after the operation.Results The mean operation time was 41 minutes(range 37 to 47).No patient had postoperative complications.They were followed up for 15 to 27 months(mean,23 months).The postoperative Lysholm score ranged from 91 to 98 with a mean of 93.The patients could extend the knee in a normal range,without pain or locking.Conclusion Arthroscopic internal fixation using anchor is a safe,simple,and effective treatment for patients with tibial eminence fracture.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effects of functional reconstructive technique of laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) for organ confined prostate cancer. Methods From October 2000 to September 2004,54 patients with organ confined prostate cancer (TNM stage of T 1b-T 2) underwent LRP.After completion of the first group of 15 consecutive cases (group A) by Monstouris techniques, the functional reconstructive surgical technique, which is basically composed of anatomical radical prostatectomy,was introduced to LRP in the second group of 39 consecutive cases (group B).These techniques mainly consisted of preservation of urethral and bladder outlet sphincter muscles,reconstruction of bladder neck,and fine anastomosis between urethra and bladder neck with fixation of anterior wall of anastomotic stoma and retropubic vascular complex.The operative time, bleeding volume,complications,continence recovery time and PSA level were comparatively analyzed between the 2 groups. Results All the operations were successful in 54 patients.In group A and group B,the mean operative time was 390 min(range,270-660 min)vs 240 min(range,180-360 min);the mean bleeding volume was 430 ml(range,200-1100 ml) vs 160 ml(100-400 ml);the complication rate was 40% (6/15) vs 13% (5/39) and the continence recovery time was on average 6 months vs 3 months,respectively. There were statistically significant differences in these parameters between the 2 groups (P

BACKGROUND:Basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)belongs to active peptide,which is an effective mitogenic factor.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of bFGF on proliferation and differentiation of monkey bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMMSCs)into neuronal precursor cells.METHODS:Monkey BMMSCs were in vitro cultured by density gradient centrifugation,and then divided into 4 groups after passaged,namely,control,bFGF with low,medium and high concentration groups.In the bFGF groups,0,3,6,10 μ/L bFGFwere applied.The proliferation of BMMSCs in each group were observed.The 5th BMMSCs were cultured with serum free L-DMEM culture medium containing 20 mg/L cryptotanshinone to differentiated into neuraMike cells.The expression of positive-nestin protein was detected by immunohistochemical method.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group,proliferation rate of BMMSCs in the bFGF groups were accelerated(P ＜ 0.05),which showed a positive correlation to the concentration of bFGF.The positive-nestin protein could be found in the low and medium concentration groups at 0.5 hours after induction,and reached a peak at 1.5 hours,which increased obviously in the low concentration group than that of the high concentration group(P ＜ 0.05).bFGF can promote BMMSCs proliferation in vitro,enhance inducing ratio of prophase neuron-like cells at lower concentration but inhibit differentiation at high level.

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), as a nuclear transcription regulator of the hypoxic response, is up-regulated during hypoxia, and it regulates a series of downstream target gene expression, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, glucose transporter and erythropoietin through binding with hypoxia response element. It plays important roles in angiogenesis, anerobic metabolism, cell survival, proliferation, migration, and differentiation.This article reviews the structure, function and activity regulation of HIF-1 and its roles in acute ischemic brain injury.

Objective To evaluate laparoscopic radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer. Methods 8 patients presented clinical stages pT 1b to pT 2 prostate cancer.Laparoscopic radical prostatecomy was carried out transperitoneally with combining posterior and anterior approachs to the prostate,transecting the bladder neck,lateral dissection of the prostate and urethrovesical anastomosis. Results The operation time was 5 to 11 h with an average of 7.3 h and the blood loss 200 to 1 100 ml,averaged 620 ml.All the patients recovered well and uneventful with no complications such as urethral stricture or incontinence. Conclusions Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy is a better approach and least invasive.The procedure provides clear anatomic vision that facilitates operative performance and quicker recovery.

Objective To describe the ureteroplasty of congenital obstructive megaureter by laparoscopy and to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of laparoscopic intervention for congenital obstructive megaureter. Methods Six patients with congenital obstructive megaureter were prepared for the laparoscopic surgery.The surgical procedure was briefly described as follows.The dilated ureter was dissected and cut off near the ureter orifice to the bladder by laparoscopy.Next,the free ureter was pulled out through the skin trocar site and was tailored as open surgery.After that,the ureter was placed back to the abdominal cavity and reimplanted laparoscopically into the bladder. Results The operation duration was 2 to 4 h (mean 2.4 h) and blood loss was very little (20～35 ml).No complication developed.The double J stent was removed at 3 months after the operation.Follow-up for half to 2 years showed that all the ureter drainage in the 6 cases was well without any infection. Conclusions Our preliminary result shows that laparoscopic surgery is a safe and effective method for treatment of megaureter.

Objective To investigate the function of metalloproteinase 2 (MMP 2) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP 2) in neonatal acute lung injury(ALI) caused by LPS in rats. Methods Eighty eight newborn rats of 7 days were randomly divided into eight groups: control, 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 8 h, 16 h, 24 h after LPS was injected. The changes of lung pathology in newborn rats were observed and the changes of MMP 2 and TIMP 2 expression were measured by immunohistochemistry and RT PCR. Results Pulmonary hemorrhage was seen in newborn rats caused by LPS. The expression of MMP 2 mRNA and protein were 0.523?0.030 and 126.20?17.98; The expression of MMP 2 mRNA increased and the highest level was at 4 h(0.826?0.567, t=3.77, P

Objective: To report our prelimilary experience of laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) for clinically localized prostatic cancer.Methods:23 cases with localized prostatic cancer underwent LRP in our institution from October 2000 to August 2003. The median age was 64.5 years old, the median PSA was 13 ng/ml and median Gleason score of biopsy specimens was < 7. The operations were performed according to Montsouris technique. Briefly, operations were carried out transperitonealty, combining posterior and anterior approachs to the prostate, transecting the bladder neck, lateral dissection of the prostate, urcthrovesical anastomosis, completing the operation.Results:No death and no conversion rate were observed in this series of 23 cases of LRP. No re-intervention was needed. The median operating time was 325 minutes (range 270 to 660 min) including the lymphadenectomy phase that was considered necessary in the case whose PSA value was 51ng/ml and pathological reading was negative to thoses lymph nodes; The median intraoperative blood loss was 430 ml(rang 200 to 1100 ml). Postoperative bladder catheterization time was 20 days. Surgical positive margin was found in I case of pathlogical stage of pT2b and Casodex 50 mg had been used on this case for 3 mon after the PSA value was < 0.2 ng/ml. Postoperation follow-up of 3 to 24 mo. showed no signs of complications such as urethral stricture or urine incontinence. The PSA concentrations was < 0.3 ng/ml in all cases.Conclusions: LRP provides a clear and magnified anatomical image to allow a more precise and safer dissection.