Objective To introduce the surgical cooperation in finger-guided modified Nuss operation. Methods Forty-six patients with pectus excavatum (PE) underwent the finger-guided modified Nuss operation during September 2013 to August 2015. We retrospectively reviewed the surgical data and sumed up the key points for nursing cooperation. Results All the operations were successful. One patient developed preumothorax and chest subcutaneous emphysema;one patient developed pleural effusion. There was no bar shifting in the follow-ups. Conclusions Enough preoperative preparation and good doctor nurse cooperation are critical for the success of operations.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the causes of failure of esophageal stent implantation and explore technical improvement of re-implantation of esophageal stent (RIES).

METHODSAccording to the conditions of the failed stent implantation, 32 patients who required RIES underwent placement of more appropriate esophageal stents with an improved implantation technique. The patients were followed up for 6 months after the operation to evaluate the effects of RIES.

RESULTSThe success rate of the operation was 96.9% in these cases, and the esophageal conditions including stricture and fistula were effectively relieved. During the 6-month follow-up, stent migration occurred in 4 cases (12.5%), and esophageal fistula in the upper edge of the re-implanted stent occurred in 2 cases. No stent loss, bleeding, or stricture was found in these cases.

CONCLUSIONThe improved technique is effective for stent re-implantation after failed esophageal stent implantation with reduced complications associated with esophageal stenting.

Esophageal Fistula ; surgery ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Esophageal Stenosis ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prosthesis Failure ; Prosthesis Implantation ; Reoperation ; Stents ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To investigate the value of methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay ( MTT) in predicting drug sensitivity of breast cancer cells in vitro. Methods From January 2010 to July 2016,one hundred and ninety-two patients with breast cancer who underwent modified radical mastectomy or breast conserving surgery (no preoperative radiotherapy or chemotherapy) in the Shanghai Fengxian District Central Hospital were selected. MTT method was used to determine the inhibitory level and sensitivity of 12 drugs and 3 chemotherapy regimens to primary cultured cancer cells of 192 patients with breast cancer. Results (1) The sensitivity of breast cancer cells to 12 drugs were in sequence from high to low as follows: Paclitaxel (PTX)＞ Epirubicin ( EPI )＞ Cisplatin ( DDP )＞ 5-Fluorouracil ( 5-FU )＞ Mitoxantrone ( MIT )＞Vincristine ( VCR )＞ Pirarubicin ( THP )＞ Isosophosphamide ( IFO )＞ Carboplatin ( CBP )＞Cyclophosphamide ( CTX)＞ Methotrexate ( MTX)＞ Changchun Rui bin ( NVB) . The sensitivity of chemotherapy regimens in the three groups from high to low was docetaxel/doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide (TAC )＞cyclophosphamide/epirubicin/fluorouracil ( CEF )＞cyclophosphamide/methotrexate/fluorouracil (CMF). The sensitivity rates of PTX,EPI and DDP were 54%(104/192),42%(81/192) and 37%(71/192) respectively. (2) The average inhibitory rates of DDP,CBP and MIT in stage III breast cancer was higher than those in stage I and II breast cancer,and the differences were statistically significant ( F＝11. 14,4. 303,3. 182,P＜0. 05). (3) HR-breast cancer is more sensitive than HR+breast cancer,PTX, EPI,THP,MIT in HER-2(+) breast cancer is more sensitive than in HER-2(－) breast cancer. Conclusion As a widely used drug sensitivity test method, MTT assay has a certain reference value for screening sensitive drugs and selecting clinical chemotherapy regimens in neoadjuvant chemotherapy of breast cancer. PTX,EPI and DDP are more sensitive to other breast cancer cells than other drugs. Chemotherapy based on in vitro susceptibility results improves the efficiency of chemotherapy and decreases the proportion of changes in chemotherapy schemes due to inefficiency.

Objective: To evaluate the immunity and influencing factors of diphtheria among preschool children in Shenzhen,to provide reference for effective monitoring of diphtheria IgG antibody level in preschool children. Methods: Serum samples were collected from 296 preschool children aged 4-6 who were recruited in Shenzhen. The diphtheria antibody titer in serum was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, and the effect of different immumuzation schedule including types of vaccine and vaccination timing, on the geometric mean concentration (GMC) of diphtheria IgG antibody and antibody positive rate were analyzed. Results: The GMC of diphtheria IgG antibody was 0.71 IU/mL, and the positive conversion rate was 33.1%. There were significant differences in antibody GMC and antibody positive conversion rate of diphtheria in different age groups( F/χ 2=11.77, 27.45, P < 0.01 ). The GMC and antibody positive conversion rate showed significant differences by diphtheria antibodies, vaccine types and end dose vaccination intervals( F=49.53, 12.95，11.61, P <0.01). There were statistically significant differences in the positive conversion rate of diphtheria antibodies in children with different types of diphtheria antibodies, vaccine types of diphtheria antibodies, and diphtheria antibodies at the time interval of final vaccination (Fisher exact probability method, P <0.01). Conclusion The overall positive conversion rate of diphtheria antibody in preschool children in Shenzhen is high. Timely completion of full diphtheria vaccination can improve the antibody level and plays a better role in protecting preschool children.

BACKGROUND: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is characterized by poor differentiation, high malignancy and rapid growth fast, short double time, early and extensive metastatic malignancy. In clinical, chemotherapy is the main treatment method, while resistance to multiple chemotherapy drugs in six to nine months has been a major clinical challenge in SCLC treatment. Therefore, It has important clinical value to building SCLC aninimal model which is similar to patients with SCLC. Animal model of xenotransplantation (PDX) from the patients with small cell lung cancer can well retain the characteristics of primary tumor and is an ideal preclinical animal model. The study is aimed to establish SCLC PDX animal model and induce the chemoresistance model to help to study the mechanism of chemoresistance and individual treatment. METHODS: Fresh surgical excision or puncture specimens from SCLC patients were transplanted into B-NSGTM mice subcutaneous tissues with severe immunodeficiency in one hour after operation the B-NSGTM mice subcutaneous in 1 hour, and inject chemotherapy drugs intraperitoneally after its tumor growed to 400 mm³ with EP which is cisplatin 8 mg/kg eight days and etoposide 5 mg/kg every two days until 8 cycles. Measure the tumor volum and mice weights regularly, then re-engrafted the largest tumor and continue chemotherapy. RESULTS: Nine cases were conducted for B-NSG mice modeling. Three of nine cases could be engrafted to new B-NSG mice at least two generation. The SCLC PDX animal models have been established successfully. After adopting chemotherapy drugs, the chemoresistance PDX models have been established. High homogeneity was found between xenograft tumor and patient's tumor in histopathology, immunohistochemical phenotype (Syn, CD56, Ki67). CONCLUSIONS The SCLC PDX animal model and the chemoresistance PDX animal model have been successfully constructed, the success rate is 33%, which provides a platform for the clinical research, seeking for biological markers and choosing individual treatment methods of SCLC.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; pharmacology ; Cisplatin ; administration & dosage ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Etoposide ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin Receptor Common gamma Subunit ; deficiency ; genetics ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred NOD ; Mice, Knockout ; Mice, SCID ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Transplantation, Heterologous ; methods ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays