The authors give an account of the changes in both internal and external environments that hospitals confront in the new century, emphasizing that it is imperative for hospital managers to manage their hospitals with new concepts and means so as to meet the needs of the times. The paper is focused on 10 ways of management, namely, knowledge management, human resources management, operational management, efficiency and benefit management, new medical quality content management, fuzzy management, information management, image management, humanistic management, and hospital culture management.

The paper first gives an account of the historical backgroumd of the formation of the World Trade Organization and the existing 6 basic principles of it. Then it explains the principles and extent of the opening of the health sector to the outside world and the specific promises made by China in the negotiations involved in its accession to the WTO. Finally the paper speculortes about the effects of Chinas entry into the WTO on domestic hospitals and suggests corresponding strategies.

With the development of the times and the constant change of the forms of labor, it is imperative to explore the value of labor and principle of distribution of medical workers. The authors first describe a number of relevant concepts, including instruments of labor, forms of labor, value of labor, and human resources. Then they analyze the value of labor of medical workers and their administrators, including the features and forms of the creation of value by medical workers and their administrators. Finally, they expound the importance of deepening reform in the distribution system of medical institutions. By analyzing the theoretical basis for readjusting the distribution mechanism, they put forward the principles of giving expression to the creation of the value of labor in readjusting the distribution system and taking efficiency, capital and production factors into account in distribution and offer suggestions respectively for the reform of the distribution system in profit and non profit medical institutions.

Firstly the authors expound the management attribute of hospital management ethics, clarifying the connotation of hospital management ethics, the basic issues in the study of hospital management ethics, and the eight functions, tasks and goals of hospital management ethics. Secondly they discuss the relationship between hospital management and hospital management ethics. Thirdly they offer a preliminary account of the application of hospital management ethics in hospital management: ①illustrating via a diagram the application of hospital management ethics in hospital decision-making; ②presenting ways of judging “good” and “evil” activities in the hospital; and ③describing the application of hospital management ethics to the monitoring and assessment of medical programs. Finally they propose some methods for cultivating the capability of the entire staff of the hospital to fulfill the obligations of moral excellence.

The authors first expound the relationship between individual appraisal of the composition of human resources and hospital development. Then they identify the errors that exist at present in the understanding of human resources and discuss the connotations of human resources. Finally they describe the role of human resources and the correlation between population, manpower, human resources and super-simple, fairly simple, simple, complex, fairly complex, and super-complex labor. It is argued that appraisal of medical personnel in terms of human resources. should be conducted from two major aspects: ①appraisal of the individual, including physique, intelligence, morality and aesthetic assessment with 6 sub-items, educational effect assessment with 2 sub-items, covert knowledge assessment with 3 sub-items, and wisdom manifestation assessment with 5 sub-items; ②appraisal of adaptation to external environment, including assessment of the knowledge content of the production means of the post with 4 sub-items, and adaptability to social environment with 8 sub-items. At the same time adaptation strategies for medical personnel are also presented.