Objective To investigate the degree of health knowledge and needs for health education of urban and rural inhabitants in Tianjin, and to study strategy of health education and health promotion in community. Methods Using a questionnaire survey, 900 inhabitants were investigated on their health knowledge, behavior, access to knowledge, and health education needs. Results The rate of health knowledge awareness was 65.63%, the rate of health promotion was 67.05%. Logistic regression results showed that the education background level (OR=1.323, 95%CI=1.113～1.573) and income per capita monthly(1.607, 1.317～1.962)were the influential factors for the rate of health knowledge awareness (P

This study is to investigate the therapeutic effect of syringin on adjuvant arthritis (AA) in rats and its mechanisms. Complete Freund's adjuvant (FCA) was used to induce AA in rats. Secondary paw swelling of AA rats was measured with volume meter. Pain response and polyarthritis index were scored. Meanwhile, splenic lymphocyte proliferation response induced by concanavalin A (ConA) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was examined with MTT assay. IL-2 production of splenic lymphocytes and IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha production of peritoneal macrophage (PM phi) were estimated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The secondary inflammation of AA rats appeared on the 14th day after injection of FCA. Syringin and tripterygium glycosides (TG) were given by intragastric administration for 16 days from the 14th day. Treatment of AA rats with syringin and TG from the 22th day significantly attenuated the secondary hind paw swelling, as well as relieved the pain response and the polyarthritic symptoms of the whole body as compared with that of the AA model group. The suppressed lymphocyte proliferation and IL-2 production of splenic lymphocytes in AA rats were reversed by treatment with syringin. Meanwhile, syringin remarkably down-regulated IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha productions from PM phi. These results indicate that anti-inflammatory effects of syringin on AA rats are mediated by modulating the immune function of abnormal cells and the balance of cytokines.

Aim To study the effect of Echinacoside on immune function and the hepatocyte mitochondrial DNA relative content of experimentally aging model mice. Methods Mice were given sc 10%D-galactose 10 ml?kg-1,once daily for 8 weeks to establish the model of aging mice. Vitamin E group ,and ECH groups were given ig Vitamin E 40 mg?kg-1 and ECH 20,40,60 mg?kg-1,respectively at one time. The interleukin-2(IL-2) and interleukin-6(IL-6) content in peripheral blood was measured by ELISA method.Phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophages was tested by neutral red test. Proliferation and transformation of spleen lymphocytes induced by ConA were determined by MTT method. The mitochondrial DNA relative content of liver cells was measured by the means of SDS alkali decomposition from liver.Results The IL-2 content,phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophages and proliferation of spleen lymphocytes were obviously decreased in the aging model group as compared with those in the normal control group.The IL-6 content and mitochondrial DNA relative content of liver cells were significantly increased. ECH 20,40,60 mg?kg-1 and Vitamin E 40 mg?kg-1 could improve the IL-2 content,phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophages and transformation of spleen lymphocytes,and reduce the IL-6 content and mitochondrial DNA relative content of liver cells. Conclusion ECH can enhance immune function and reduce the mitochondrial DNA relative content of liver cells,which may be one of the mechanisms of anti-aging.

NPC is a high incidence of malignant tumors of the head and neck, and is currently used mainly radiotherapy based, supplemented by a comprehensive treatment of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which have serious complications and serious impact on the treatment of patients and quality of life. Polyphenols are the main component of tea. Studies have shown that tea polyphenols have a significant anti-tumor effect of im proving the effect of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, reducing radiation damage, reducing conventional chemo therapy drugs IC50 and reducing the complications of chemotherapy. Tea polyphenols in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma has also made great progress. It has a strong inhibition of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, and can greatly reduce the occurrence of xerostomia after radiotherapy, which is of important clinical research value.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; Carcinoma ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy ; Polyphenols ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Radiation-Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; Tea ; chemistry

Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease, which is characterized by a concave atrophy of the optic disc and a characteristic defect of the visual field.The current diagnosis and evaluation of glaucoma are mainly based on fundus photography, optical coherence tomography and visual field examination.Hemodynamic changes play an important role in the pathophysiology of glaucomatous optic nerve damage, however, blood flow evaluation of the optic disc has been directed to large vessels in the past, and there has been no good evaluation equipment for quantitative evaluation of blood flow in microvessels.Optical coherence tomography angiography quantifies blood flow in the retina and choroid, which provides a new method and index for the evaluation of glaucomatous optic nerve damage.In this paper, the application of optical coherence tomography angiography in the measurement of blood vessel density in the optic disc and macular region in the diagnosis and progress assessment of glaucoma, and the consistency of blood flow parameters with structural parameters such as the optic nerve fiber layer and sieve plate and visual field parameters, etc.were reviewed to evaluate the value of blood flow parameters in predicting and assessing glaucomatous damage.

Objective To investigate the expression change of renal NLR family pyrin domain containing-3 protein(NALP3) in-flammasome in the nephrotic syndrome(NS) patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis(FSGS) and its relation with the tubu-lointerstitial pathogenic injury degree ,expression of inflammatory factors and clinical biochemical indexes .Methods Immunohisto-chemistry was used to detect the expressions of NALP3/ASC/caspase-1 and their downstream effector molecule IL-1β,IL-18 in re-nal tubular epithelial cells .The tubulointerstitial injury score and the activated macrophages F4/80 in renal interstitium of the FSGS patients and NS patiens were evaluated .The serum creatinine ,urea ,total protein ,albumin ,24 h urine protein and estimated glomer-ular filtration rate(eGFR) were observed .The correlation of tubulointerstitial injury with NALP3/ASC/caspase-1 ,IL-1β,IL-18 were respectively analyzed .Results The expression of NALP3/ASC/caspase-1 ,IL-1β,IL-18 in the renal tissue of the FSGS pa-tients was significantly increased compared with that in the control group (P<0 .01) .NALP3/ASC/capspase-1 expression was pos-itively correlated with the expression of IL-1β,IL-18(P< 0 .01) .NALP3/ASC/caspase-1 ,IL-1β,IL-18 expression was positively correlated with renal tubulointerstitial injury and the F4/80 expression intensity(P<0 .01) .NALP3/ASC/caspase-1 ,IL-1β,IL-18 was significantly positively correlated with 24 h urine protein and Scr ,and negatively correlated with the eGFR (P<0 .05) ,but had no obvious correlation with plasma urea ,plasma total protein and albumin concentrations .Conclusion The NALP3 inflammasome might participate in the pathogenic mechanism of FSGS through the activation of its downstream inflammatory factor of IL-1β,IL-18 ,the more higher its expression degree ,the more severe the renal tissue injury ,whether which could be served as the warning in-dex needs the further clinical verification .

Objective To investigate radiation-induced alternations of phospholipids in epithelial cells,and to provide experimental evidence for understanding the mechanism of radiation-induced intestinal injury.Methods The intestinal epithelial cells(IEC-6)in rats were divided into three groups:normal control group,8 Gy X-ray irradiation group and 12 Gy X-ray irradiation group.Phospholipids were extracted at 6 h or 24 h after radiation and then measured by high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS).Results At 6 h after radiation,the phospholipids in 8 Gy irradiation group didn't vary significantly,while those in 12 Gy irradiation group changed.The PG,PI and Lyso PC were significantly up-regulated(F=5.37,9.60,9.88,P＜0.05).However,at 24 h after radiation,many PE and PG species in both irradiation groups declined(F=5.15-99.77,P＜0.05)and SM species increased in 12 Gy irradiation group(F=4.35-7.92,P＜0.05).Conclusions The ionizing radiation could disorder phospholipid metabolism in IEC-6 cells with a dose-dependent manner.

A total of 526 team members from 28 community health service (CHS) centers in 5 pilot cities were surveyed by a questionnaire.All CHS centers developed team service.And 275 service teams were established and the coverage rate of area resident committee was 100％.The teaming modes were mainly divided into four kinds:medical-nursing-prevention classic combination,big team professional expansion,small team medical combination and non-health technology extensive participation.The team services showed multiple advantages of professionism,energy and time complementing.We should strengthen team construction,improve perfect team service mode and policy support and create a good environment for CHS development.

Objective To establish the crystal violet plaque assay for detection of virus titer of recombined Tiantan vaccinia AIDS vaccine,and provide more stable method of virus titration for rTV AIDS Vaccine.Methods Optimized the concentration of Vero cells,the time and temperature of virus adsorption,and the time of determination for CPE,then established the crystal violet plaque assay for virus titer of rTV.Counting and analysis the plaques by BioSpot Reader,then analyzed the relativity of plaques counted with BioSpot Reader and manual; Several lots rTV AIDS Vaccine and Tiantan vaccinia were titrated by the method of plaque formation-hemadsorption assay,neutral red and crystal violet plaque assay,then analyzed the relativity of the results of three methods ; meanwhile,the virus titer of samples were determine repeatedly by the crystal violet plaque assay,then calculated the coefficient of variation( CV),and verified the precision of the method; SPSS17.0 was used in statistical analysis of the experimental results.Results When the concentration of Vero cells was 5.0×105-9.O×105 cells/ml,virus been adsorbesd 2 h at 37℃,then cultivated 72 h after adding the culture medium containing methyl cellulose.Plaques counted by BioSpot Reader was highly related with counted by manual (r =0.985),so BioSpot Reader counting can objectively reflect the virus plaques with various size,and reduce the error by manual counting; compared the virus titration for different lots of rTV AIDS vaccine and Tiantan vaccinia with three methods,the crystal violet plaque assay was highly related with plaque formation-hemadsorption assay (r =0.997,P＜0.01 ) and neutral red plaque assay(r=0.980,P＜0.01 ).Conclusion Crystal violet plaque assay was established for virus titration of rTV AIDS Vaccine.

Objective To observe the relationship between liver steatosis in rats with long-term high-caloric and high-fat diet and the expression of angiotensinogen(AGT)、uncoupling protein 2(UCP-2)and transforming growth factorβ1(TGFβ1).Then angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor(ACEI)and angiotensin Ⅱ receptor blocker(ARB)drugs were given to investigate whether rennin-angiotensin system (RAS)blockade can mitigate the liver steatosis and to probe its mechanisms.Methotis Forty male Wistar rats were divided into normal control group(NC group,n=10),high-calorie and high-fat fed group(HF group,n=10),ARB treated group(AR group,n=10)and ACEI treated group(AE group,n=10).Rats were fed with high-calorie and high-fat diet and given RAS inhibitor drugs(valsartan 40mg/kg to the AR group and perindopril 4 mg/kg to the AE group)for eight weeks.Serum TG,free fatty acids(FFAs) lever and the fat content in liver were then measured with biochemical tests;insulin resistance was evaluated with euglycemic hyperinsulinemia clamp technique,the expression of UCP-2 and TGFβI in liver tissue were examind with immunohistochemical staining and AGT mRNA,UCP-2 mRNA and TGFβ1 mRNA were tested with RT-PCR.Results With the administration of RAS inhibitor drugs,following changes were observed.The levels of TG and FFAs and the fat content in liver decreased(P＜0.01 or P＜0.05),insulin resistance in high-fat fed rats was improved(P＜0.05),liver steatosis,inflammation and fibrosis were mitigated.The levels of UCP-2 decreased by 36.5%(P＜0.05)in AE group and 42.5%(P＜0.05)in AR group and TGFβ1 decreased by 37%(P＜0.05)in AE group and 41.6%(P＜0.05)in AR group as compared with the HF group with immunohistochemical staining.The expression of AGTmRNA decreased by 14.9%(P＜0.05)in AE group and 21%(P＜0.05)in AR group,UCP-2 mRNA decreased by 9%(P＜0.05)in AE group and 11%(P＜0.05)in AR group and TGFβ1 mRNA decreased by 17%(P＜0.05)in AE group and 19%(P＜0.05)in AR group as compared with the HF group with RT-PCR.Conclusions RAS blockade could improve insulin resistance,mitigate the liver injury of long term high-fat fed rats and have a protective effect on liver.The mechanism may be associated with the effects of improved insulin resistance,the interaction within RAS and the down-regulation of UCP-2 and TGFβ1 in liver tissue.