Aim To study the effect of Echinacoside on immune function and the hepatocyte mitochondrial DNA relative content of experimentally aging model mice. Methods Mice were given sc 10%D-galactose 10 ml?kg-1,once daily for 8 weeks to establish the model of aging mice. Vitamin E group ,and ECH groups were given ig Vitamin E 40 mg?kg-1 and ECH 20,40,60 mg?kg-1,respectively at one time. The interleukin-2(IL-2) and interleukin-6(IL-6) content in peripheral blood was measured by ELISA method.Phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophages was tested by neutral red test. Proliferation and transformation of spleen lymphocytes induced by ConA were determined by MTT method. The mitochondrial DNA relative content of liver cells was measured by the means of SDS alkali decomposition from liver.Results The IL-2 content,phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophages and proliferation of spleen lymphocytes were obviously decreased in the aging model group as compared with those in the normal control group.The IL-6 content and mitochondrial DNA relative content of liver cells were significantly increased. ECH 20,40,60 mg?kg-1 and Vitamin E 40 mg?kg-1 could improve the IL-2 content,phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophages and transformation of spleen lymphocytes,and reduce the IL-6 content and mitochondrial DNA relative content of liver cells. Conclusion ECH can enhance immune function and reduce the mitochondrial DNA relative content of liver cells,which may be one of the mechanisms of anti-aging.

Objective To investigate the degree of health knowledge and needs for health education of urban and rural inhabitants in Tianjin, and to study strategy of health education and health promotion in community. Methods Using a questionnaire survey, 900 inhabitants were investigated on their health knowledge, behavior, access to knowledge, and health education needs. Results The rate of health knowledge awareness was 65.63%, the rate of health promotion was 67.05%. Logistic regression results showed that the education background level (OR=1.323, 95%CI=1.113～1.573) and income per capita monthly(1.607, 1.317～1.962)were the influential factors for the rate of health knowledge awareness (P

This study is to investigate the therapeutic effect of syringin on adjuvant arthritis (AA) in rats and its mechanisms. Complete Freund's adjuvant (FCA) was used to induce AA in rats. Secondary paw swelling of AA rats was measured with volume meter. Pain response and polyarthritis index were scored. Meanwhile, splenic lymphocyte proliferation response induced by concanavalin A (ConA) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was examined with MTT assay. IL-2 production of splenic lymphocytes and IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha production of peritoneal macrophage (PM phi) were estimated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The secondary inflammation of AA rats appeared on the 14th day after injection of FCA. Syringin and tripterygium glycosides (TG) were given by intragastric administration for 16 days from the 14th day. Treatment of AA rats with syringin and TG from the 22th day significantly attenuated the secondary hind paw swelling, as well as relieved the pain response and the polyarthritic symptoms of the whole body as compared with that of the AA model group. The suppressed lymphocyte proliferation and IL-2 production of splenic lymphocytes in AA rats were reversed by treatment with syringin. Meanwhile, syringin remarkably down-regulated IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha productions from PM phi. These results indicate that anti-inflammatory effects of syringin on AA rats are mediated by modulating the immune function of abnormal cells and the balance of cytokines.

NPC is a high incidence of malignant tumors of the head and neck, and is currently used mainly radiotherapy based, supplemented by a comprehensive treatment of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which have serious complications and serious impact on the treatment of patients and quality of life. Polyphenols are the main component of tea. Studies have shown that tea polyphenols have a significant anti-tumor effect of im proving the effect of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, reducing radiation damage, reducing conventional chemo therapy drugs IC50 and reducing the complications of chemotherapy. Tea polyphenols in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma has also made great progress. It has a strong inhibition of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, and can greatly reduce the occurrence of xerostomia after radiotherapy, which is of important clinical research value.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; Carcinoma ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy ; Polyphenols ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Radiation-Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; Tea ; chemistry

Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease, which is characterized by a concave atrophy of the optic disc and a characteristic defect of the visual field.The current diagnosis and evaluation of glaucoma are mainly based on fundus photography, optical coherence tomography and visual field examination.Hemodynamic changes play an important role in the pathophysiology of glaucomatous optic nerve damage, however, blood flow evaluation of the optic disc has been directed to large vessels in the past, and there has been no good evaluation equipment for quantitative evaluation of blood flow in microvessels.Optical coherence tomography angiography quantifies blood flow in the retina and choroid, which provides a new method and index for the evaluation of glaucomatous optic nerve damage.In this paper, the application of optical coherence tomography angiography in the measurement of blood vessel density in the optic disc and macular region in the diagnosis and progress assessment of glaucoma, and the consistency of blood flow parameters with structural parameters such as the optic nerve fiber layer and sieve plate and visual field parameters, etc.were reviewed to evaluate the value of blood flow parameters in predicting and assessing glaucomatous damage.

Objective To observe the relationship between liver steatosis in rats with long-term high-caloric and high-fat diet and the expression of angiotensinogen(AGT)、uncoupling protein 2(UCP-2)and transforming growth factorβ1(TGFβ1).Then angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor(ACEI)and angiotensin Ⅱ receptor blocker(ARB)drugs were given to investigate whether rennin-angiotensin system (RAS)blockade can mitigate the liver steatosis and to probe its mechanisms.Methotis Forty male Wistar rats were divided into normal control group(NC group,n=10),high-calorie and high-fat fed group(HF group,n=10),ARB treated group(AR group,n=10)and ACEI treated group(AE group,n=10).Rats were fed with high-calorie and high-fat diet and given RAS inhibitor drugs(valsartan 40mg/kg to the AR group and perindopril 4 mg/kg to the AE group)for eight weeks.Serum TG,free fatty acids(FFAs) lever and the fat content in liver were then measured with biochemical tests;insulin resistance was evaluated with euglycemic hyperinsulinemia clamp technique,the expression of UCP-2 and TGFβI in liver tissue were examind with immunohistochemical staining and AGT mRNA,UCP-2 mRNA and TGFβ1 mRNA were tested with RT-PCR.Results With the administration of RAS inhibitor drugs,following changes were observed.The levels of TG and FFAs and the fat content in liver decreased(P＜0.01 or P＜0.05),insulin resistance in high-fat fed rats was improved(P＜0.05),liver steatosis,inflammation and fibrosis were mitigated.The levels of UCP-2 decreased by 36.5%(P＜0.05)in AE group and 42.5%(P＜0.05)in AR group and TGFβ1 decreased by 37%(P＜0.05)in AE group and 41.6%(P＜0.05)in AR group as compared with the HF group with immunohistochemical staining.The expression of AGTmRNA decreased by 14.9%(P＜0.05)in AE group and 21%(P＜0.05)in AR group,UCP-2 mRNA decreased by 9%(P＜0.05)in AE group and 11%(P＜0.05)in AR group and TGFβ1 mRNA decreased by 17%(P＜0.05)in AE group and 19%(P＜0.05)in AR group as compared with the HF group with RT-PCR.Conclusions RAS blockade could improve insulin resistance,mitigate the liver injury of long term high-fat fed rats and have a protective effect on liver.The mechanism may be associated with the effects of improved insulin resistance,the interaction within RAS and the down-regulation of UCP-2 and TGFβ1 in liver tissue.

Objective To establish the crystal violet plaque assay for detection of virus titer of recombined Tiantan vaccinia AIDS vaccine,and provide more stable method of virus titration for rTV AIDS Vaccine.Methods Optimized the concentration of Vero cells,the time and temperature of virus adsorption,and the time of determination for CPE,then established the crystal violet plaque assay for virus titer of rTV.Counting and analysis the plaques by BioSpot Reader,then analyzed the relativity of plaques counted with BioSpot Reader and manual; Several lots rTV AIDS Vaccine and Tiantan vaccinia were titrated by the method of plaque formation-hemadsorption assay,neutral red and crystal violet plaque assay,then analyzed the relativity of the results of three methods ; meanwhile,the virus titer of samples were determine repeatedly by the crystal violet plaque assay,then calculated the coefficient of variation( CV),and verified the precision of the method; SPSS17.0 was used in statistical analysis of the experimental results.Results When the concentration of Vero cells was 5.0×105-9.O×105 cells/ml,virus been adsorbesd 2 h at 37℃,then cultivated 72 h after adding the culture medium containing methyl cellulose.Plaques counted by BioSpot Reader was highly related with counted by manual (r =0.985),so BioSpot Reader counting can objectively reflect the virus plaques with various size,and reduce the error by manual counting; compared the virus titration for different lots of rTV AIDS vaccine and Tiantan vaccinia with three methods,the crystal violet plaque assay was highly related with plaque formation-hemadsorption assay (r =0.997,P＜0.01 ) and neutral red plaque assay(r=0.980,P＜0.01 ).Conclusion Crystal violet plaque assay was established for virus titration of rTV AIDS Vaccine.

Objective To investigate the value of Cytochrome P450 (CYP3A5) * 3 gene polymorphism in providing individualized administration for the use of tacrolimus (Tac) in renal transplantation recipients.Method Pyrophosphate sequencing method was used to determine the CYP3A5 * 3 genotype of renal transplant patients in the first day after surgery.Sixty recipients were divided into experiment group and control group.Both groups of patients were routinely given the initial dose of Tac-4.0 mg/day in the first day after surgery.The experiment group of patients were given different doses of Tac based on the different CYP3A5 * 3 genotypes at the third day after surgery [for AA:0.12 mg/(kg· day),and for GG:0.06 mg/(kg· day)],and the control group of patients were given different dosages of Tac according to drug concentration.Different parameters were compared between two groups of patients:percentage of patients reaching the target concentration (3-8 μg/L) at the fifth day after surgery,days required to reach the target concentration level,times needed to adjust the dosage of Tac within two weeks.Result The percentage of patients reaching the target concentration in experiment group and control group was 90％ and 46.67％,respectively (P＜ 0.05).Days required to reach the target concentration were (3.67 ± 1.32) and (7.57 ± 3.42) on average,respectively (P ＜ 0.05).Times of adjusting the Tac dose in experiment group was significantly less than those in the control group (P＜0.05).In the experiment group,the target concentration was obtained even without dosage adjustment (70％).Conclusion Individualized adjustment of Tac doses for patients according to recipients' different CYP3A5 * 3 genotypes is beneficial for reaching target concentration as soon as possible,which is superior to traditional dosage regimen.

Objective To investigate the in vitro expressions of chamotatic factor CXCL12 [also known as stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1)],the receptor of the factor,Cys-X-Cys receptor 4 (CXCR4) and vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) in human laryngeal carcinoma cell line Hep-2 and their roles in the homing of laryngeal carcinoma. Methods The expressions of CXCR4 mRNA and protein in Hep-2 cells was detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting,the expression of VEGF-C also was evaluated before and after incubated with SDF-1 (1,10,100 ng/ml) or the antagonist of CXCR4 AMD3100. Methythiazolyltetrazolium (MTT) assay was used to analyze the effect of different concentrations of SDF-1 on the proliferation of Hep-2 cells. Transwell invasion chamber and matrigel were used to evaluate the effect of various concentrations of SDF-1 and AMD3100 on the migration and invasion of Hep-2 cells. Results 1)The CXCR4 and VEGF-C were both overexpressed at mRNA and protein level in Hep-2 cells,and the expression of VEGF-C in Hep-2 cells was up-regulated with a concentration-dependent model,which was inhibited by CXCR4 antagonist (P

Objective To understand the attitude and current situation of medical English stud y as well as its relevant factors among long schooling medical students so as to provide first hand information for constructing students-centered medical English teaching model. Methods A self-de-signed questionnaire including basic information of students, attitude and current situation of medical English students was given to 134 seven or eight year program clinical medical graduates from grade 2006 to grade 2008 in Tongji University. Questionnaires were collected timely and an-alyzed with SPSS 19.0 and results were described by percentage. Results Totally 132 copies of questionnaire were recovered with an recovering rate of 98.51%. 56.82%(75/132) students had interest in medical English study and 71.97%(95/132)students had a will to go abroad for learning exchange. Main pur-poses for students to learn medical English were ‘professional literature reading’(68.94%,91/132),‘SCI papers writing’(59.09%,78/132)and ‘international communication’(58.33%, 77/132). Main influencing factors of medical English study were ‘boring teaching methods ’ ( 45 . 45%, 60/132 ) ,‘difficult medical English’(41.67%,55/132) and ‘insufficient teaching time’(40.91%,54/132).Conclusions Medical students with long schooling have demand for medical English study;however, most of them have some difficulties in practical application. Measures should be taken from three as-pects including students, teachers and curriculum setting to improve students' medical English.