Objective To investigate the degree of health knowledge and needs for health education of urban and rural inhabitants in Tianjin, and to study strategy of health education and health promotion in community. Methods Using a questionnaire survey, 900 inhabitants were investigated on their health knowledge, behavior, access to knowledge, and health education needs. Results The rate of health knowledge awareness was 65.63%, the rate of health promotion was 67.05%. Logistic regression results showed that the education background level (OR=1.323, 95%CI=1.113～1.573) and income per capita monthly(1.607, 1.317～1.962)were the influential factors for the rate of health knowledge awareness (P

This study is to investigate the therapeutic effect of syringin on adjuvant arthritis (AA) in rats and its mechanisms. Complete Freund's adjuvant (FCA) was used to induce AA in rats. Secondary paw swelling of AA rats was measured with volume meter. Pain response and polyarthritis index were scored. Meanwhile, splenic lymphocyte proliferation response induced by concanavalin A (ConA) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was examined with MTT assay. IL-2 production of splenic lymphocytes and IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha production of peritoneal macrophage (PM phi) were estimated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The secondary inflammation of AA rats appeared on the 14th day after injection of FCA. Syringin and tripterygium glycosides (TG) were given by intragastric administration for 16 days from the 14th day. Treatment of AA rats with syringin and TG from the 22th day significantly attenuated the secondary hind paw swelling, as well as relieved the pain response and the polyarthritic symptoms of the whole body as compared with that of the AA model group. The suppressed lymphocyte proliferation and IL-2 production of splenic lymphocytes in AA rats were reversed by treatment with syringin. Meanwhile, syringin remarkably down-regulated IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha productions from PM phi. These results indicate that anti-inflammatory effects of syringin on AA rats are mediated by modulating the immune function of abnormal cells and the balance of cytokines.

NPC is a high incidence of malignant tumors of the head and neck, and is currently used mainly radiotherapy based, supplemented by a comprehensive treatment of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which have serious complications and serious impact on the treatment of patients and quality of life. Polyphenols are the main component of tea. Studies have shown that tea polyphenols have a significant anti-tumor effect of im proving the effect of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, reducing radiation damage, reducing conventional chemo therapy drugs IC50 and reducing the complications of chemotherapy. Tea polyphenols in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma has also made great progress. It has a strong inhibition of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, and can greatly reduce the occurrence of xerostomia after radiotherapy, which is of important clinical research value.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; Carcinoma ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy ; Polyphenols ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Radiation-Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; Tea ; chemistry

Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease, which is characterized by a concave atrophy of the optic disc and a characteristic defect of the visual field.The current diagnosis and evaluation of glaucoma are mainly based on fundus photography, optical coherence tomography and visual field examination.Hemodynamic changes play an important role in the pathophysiology of glaucomatous optic nerve damage, however, blood flow evaluation of the optic disc has been directed to large vessels in the past, and there has been no good evaluation equipment for quantitative evaluation of blood flow in microvessels.Optical coherence tomography angiography quantifies blood flow in the retina and choroid, which provides a new method and index for the evaluation of glaucomatous optic nerve damage.In this paper, the application of optical coherence tomography angiography in the measurement of blood vessel density in the optic disc and macular region in the diagnosis and progress assessment of glaucoma, and the consistency of blood flow parameters with structural parameters such as the optic nerve fiber layer and sieve plate and visual field parameters, etc.were reviewed to evaluate the value of blood flow parameters in predicting and assessing glaucomatous damage.

Aim To study the effect of Echinacoside on immune function and the hepatocyte mitochondrial DNA relative content of experimentally aging model mice. Methods Mice were given sc 10%D-galactose 10 ml?kg-1,once daily for 8 weeks to establish the model of aging mice. Vitamin E group ,and ECH groups were given ig Vitamin E 40 mg?kg-1 and ECH 20,40,60 mg?kg-1,respectively at one time. The interleukin-2(IL-2) and interleukin-6(IL-6) content in peripheral blood was measured by ELISA method.Phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophages was tested by neutral red test. Proliferation and transformation of spleen lymphocytes induced by ConA were determined by MTT method. The mitochondrial DNA relative content of liver cells was measured by the means of SDS alkali decomposition from liver.Results The IL-2 content,phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophages and proliferation of spleen lymphocytes were obviously decreased in the aging model group as compared with those in the normal control group.The IL-6 content and mitochondrial DNA relative content of liver cells were significantly increased. ECH 20,40,60 mg?kg-1 and Vitamin E 40 mg?kg-1 could improve the IL-2 content,phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophages and transformation of spleen lymphocytes,and reduce the IL-6 content and mitochondrial DNA relative content of liver cells. Conclusion ECH can enhance immune function and reduce the mitochondrial DNA relative content of liver cells,which may be one of the mechanisms of anti-aging.

[ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVETo investigate the species distribution of the common inhaled allergens among the primary and middle school students in Beijing.METHODSA total of 1280 students who were randomly selected underwent 20 kinds of common allergen skin prick test. Skin prick test were positive in 495 students.RESULTS49.3% of the Beijing primary and secondary school students were positive for more than four kinds of allergens. The dust mites and fall pollen allergens were positive at the same time in 37.4% of the allergen positive students. The commonest three allergens were D. farina, D. pteronginus and Large seed fleabane pollen in urban area, and were dermatophagoides farinae, willow tree pollen and Large seed fleabane pollen in suburban area. The positive rate of skin prick test decreased with age.CONCLUSIONThe dust mites and fall pollen are the most important allergens in primary and middle school students in Beijing.

Objective To investigate the value of Cytochrome P450 (CYP3A5) * 3 gene polymorphism in providing individualized administration for the use of tacrolimus (Tac) in renal transplantation recipients.Method Pyrophosphate sequencing method was used to determine the CYP3A5 * 3 genotype of renal transplant patients in the first day after surgery.Sixty recipients were divided into experiment group and control group.Both groups of patients were routinely given the initial dose of Tac-4.0 mg/day in the first day after surgery.The experiment group of patients were given different doses of Tac based on the different CYP3A5 * 3 genotypes at the third day after surgery [for AA:0.12 mg/(kg· day),and for GG:0.06 mg/(kg· day)],and the control group of patients were given different dosages of Tac according to drug concentration.Different parameters were compared between two groups of patients:percentage of patients reaching the target concentration (3-8 μg/L) at the fifth day after surgery,days required to reach the target concentration level,times needed to adjust the dosage of Tac within two weeks.Result The percentage of patients reaching the target concentration in experiment group and control group was 90％ and 46.67％,respectively (P＜ 0.05).Days required to reach the target concentration were (3.67 ± 1.32) and (7.57 ± 3.42) on average,respectively (P ＜ 0.05).Times of adjusting the Tac dose in experiment group was significantly less than those in the control group (P＜0.05).In the experiment group,the target concentration was obtained even without dosage adjustment (70％).Conclusion Individualized adjustment of Tac doses for patients according to recipients' different CYP3A5 * 3 genotypes is beneficial for reaching target concentration as soon as possible,which is superior to traditional dosage regimen.

Objective To study the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1 ) and Notch signaling pathway downstream gene HES 1 in the hippocampus of pubertal rats with status epilepsy (SE), and to explore the regulation site of HIF-1αin Notch signaling pathway. Methods One hundred and seventy-six 21-day-old SD rats were randomly divided into control group (NS group), pentetrazole (PTZ)-induced SE group (PTZ group), and Notch signaling pathway speciifc inhibitor (DAPT) intervention group (DAPT group). In PTZ group PTZ was intraperitoneally injected to build SE model and in NS group normal saline was injected as control. The intraperitoneal injection of diazepam was used to terminate SE seizures. After successful modeling, the bilateral hippocampuses were isolated after the rats were sacriifced at 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8 h, respectively, and RT-PCR was performed to detect the mRNA expression of HES 1 and HIF-1α. The Western Blot was performed to detect protein expression in hippocampuses which were collected at 2 , 4 , 8 , 12 , and 24 h after successful modeling. DAPT group received intraperitoneal injection of DAPT 30 min before the start of molding, then the hippocampuses were isolated at 2 and 8 h after successful modeling. RT-PCR was performed to detect the mRNA expression of HES 1 and HIF-1αat 2 h, and Western blot was performed to detect protein expression at 8 h. Results At each time point after SE, the expression of mRNA of HES 1 and HIF-1αand the expression of protein were higher than the same time point of NS group (P

[ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVETo investigate the prevalence of allergic rhinitis in Beijing primary and middle school students.METHODSStratified cluster sampling was conducted with the school as a unit. The investigated subjects included the 7 to 15 years old students from the primary and middle school in Beijing Dongcheng District and Changping District. The epidemiological investigation was carried out using the designed allergic rhinitis questionnaire. Allergen skin prick test was performed in students randomly selected from those who participated the questionnaire survey. The results were statistically analyzed.RESULTS1. The self-reported prevalence of allergic rhinitis was 49.68% in Beijing primary and middle school students. 2. Self-reported prevalence increased with age going up. 3. City center self-reported prevalence was higher than that in suburb areas. 4. The confirmed prevalence of allergic rhinitis in Beijing primary and middle school students was 21.09%, in which, the male prevalence rate was 24.83% and the female prevalence rate was 14.11%. 5. The 5.14% of the students with allergic rhinitis were combined with asthma.CONCLUSIONThe self-reported and confirmed prevalence of allergic rhinitis in Beijing primary and middle school students was 49.68% and 21.09% respectively.

Objective To investigate the expression change of renal NLR family pyrin domain containing-3 protein(NALP3) in-flammasome in the nephrotic syndrome(NS) patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis(FSGS) and its relation with the tubu-lointerstitial pathogenic injury degree ,expression of inflammatory factors and clinical biochemical indexes .Methods Immunohisto-chemistry was used to detect the expressions of NALP3/ASC/caspase-1 and their downstream effector molecule IL-1β,IL-18 in re-nal tubular epithelial cells .The tubulointerstitial injury score and the activated macrophages F4/80 in renal interstitium of the FSGS patients and NS patiens were evaluated .The serum creatinine ,urea ,total protein ,albumin ,24 h urine protein and estimated glomer-ular filtration rate(eGFR) were observed .The correlation of tubulointerstitial injury with NALP3/ASC/caspase-1 ,IL-1β,IL-18 were respectively analyzed .Results The expression of NALP3/ASC/caspase-1 ,IL-1β,IL-18 in the renal tissue of the FSGS pa-tients was significantly increased compared with that in the control group (P<0 .01) .NALP3/ASC/capspase-1 expression was pos-itively correlated with the expression of IL-1β,IL-18(P< 0 .01) .NALP3/ASC/caspase-1 ,IL-1β,IL-18 expression was positively correlated with renal tubulointerstitial injury and the F4/80 expression intensity(P<0 .01) .NALP3/ASC/caspase-1 ,IL-1β,IL-18 was significantly positively correlated with 24 h urine protein and Scr ,and negatively correlated with the eGFR (P<0 .05) ,but had no obvious correlation with plasma urea ,plasma total protein and albumin concentrations .Conclusion The NALP3 inflammasome might participate in the pathogenic mechanism of FSGS through the activation of its downstream inflammatory factor of IL-1β,IL-18 ,the more higher its expression degree ,the more severe the renal tissue injury ,whether which could be served as the warning in-dex needs the further clinical verification .