Objective:To conduct a scoping review of the application of mobile health applications (MHA) in the care of patients with colorectal cancer, summarizing the development process, the functions achieved, as well as the evaluation metrics, to provide references for MHA practice and related research.Methods:Following the scoping review framework, a comprehensive search was conducted across both domestic and international databases, including the China Biomedical Literature Database, Wanfang Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP Database, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Scopus. The search period was from the database inception to February, 2024.Results:A total of 16 studies were included. The development of MHA involved multiple methods including literature reviews, qualitative interviews, consultations with multidisciplinary teams, and guidance from theoretical models. The functions of MHA include health education, peer support, guided feedback, monitoring, and reminder features. Evaluation metrics for MHA comprise usability, adherence, and effectiveness.Conclusions:MHA has demonstrated positive effects in enhancing patients' knowledge and alleviating symptoms such as fatigue and vomiting in colorectal cancer patients. However, it is still in its early stages, and further high-quality studies are needed to scientifically develop MHA that meets patients' needs.

African swine fever(ASF),caused by the African swine fever virus(ASFV),is a highly contagious infectious disease of pigs.This disease has been spread rapidly in China since 2018,po-sing a huge threat to China's pig farming industry.To rapid detect the ASFV,a loop-mediated iso-thermal amplification(LAMP)combined with the disposable nucleic acid visualization test strip was established for visual detection of the nucleic acid of ASFV B646L gene.The method was easy to operate without special instruments and equipment,while it effectively avoided the disadvantage of false positives caused by aerosol contamination.The method was able to detect 1.16 copies/μL of the recombinant plasmid in 50 min at 65 ℃.In addition,the method was specific with no cross-re-action with classical swine fever virus,porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,por-cine parvovirus,transmissible gastroenteritis virus.The results in this study provides a rapid,con-venient,sensitive and reliable method for early diagnosis and screening for ASFV suspected infec-tion cases.

To establish a simple,convenient,sensitive,and specific method for rapid detection of Zi-ka virus(ZIKV),the whole genome sequences of ZIKV isolated from different times and regions were analyzed.The specific primers and probes were designed based on the screened target se-quences located in the conserved region of the ZIKV NS5 gene.By combining RT-LAMP isother-mal amplification technology and immunochromatography technology,a reverse transcription loop mediated isothermal amplification nucleic acid and flow visualization strip(RT-LAMP-VF)detec-tion method for ZIKV was established.The results showed that the method had good specificity and sensitivity.When the ratio of inner,outer,and ring primers(FIP∶LF∶F3)was 4∶2∶1,the detection method can specifically detect 102 copies/pL RNA transcripts or 2.15 pfu ZIKV at 61 ℃for 45 minutes,with no cross reaction with other flaviviruses such as Japanese encephalitis virus and classical swine fever virus.Other RNAs in blood tissue samples did not affect the sensitivity and specificity of RT-LAMP-VF,indicating that the method can be applied to clinical practice.The ZIKV RT-LAMP-VF detection method established in this study is easy to perform and does not require special instruments and equipment.It is particularly suitable for the rapid detection of ZIKV in grassroots units,providing technical support and material support for the establishment of on-site rapid detection and early warning and prediction systems for ZIKV disease.

The PCR-amplified severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus(SFTSV)Gn-DⅢ-Ⅲ gene was inserted into the pET-30a(+)prokaryotic expression vector to generate the re-combinant plasmid pET-SFTSV-Gn-D Ⅲ-Ⅲ.The plasmid was transformed into E.coli BL21(DE3)for Gn-DⅢ-m protein expression and the expression conditions were optimized.The Gn-DⅢ-Ⅲ protein purified with Ni-NTA column affinity chromatography was applied as the captured antigen to establish an indirect ELISA method for the detection of SFTSV antibody.The results demonstrated that the recombinant plasmid pET-SFTSV-Gn-D Ⅲ-Ⅲ was successfully constructed as identified by PCR and sequencing.The recombinant protein SFTSV Gn-D m-Ⅲ was soluble ex-pression in E.coli under the optimal induction conditions of 0.4 mmol/L IPTG at 25 ℃ for 4 h,and the protein purity was 91.77％after purification by Ni-NTA column.The optimal reaction con-ditions for the indirect ELISA of SFTSV antibody were as follows:coating antigen concentration(5 μg/mL),primary antibody(incubation at 37 ℃ for 1.5 h),and secondary antibody(diluted 1:10 000 and incubated at 37 ℃ for 1 h).The established method had no cross-reactivity with Rift Valley fever virus(RVFV),Ebola virus(EBOV),and tick-borne encephalitis virus(TBEV)posi-tive sera.The method had a high sensitivity,with P/N＞2.1 for SFTSV-positive sera diluted to 81920.Coefficients of variation for intra-and inter-batch reactions were less than 10％.Detection of four SFTSV-infected human clinical serum samples showed the serum samples from patients in re-mission were tested as positive(P/N＞2.1),while serum samples from patients with multiple or-gan failure were detected as negative(P/N＜2.1).The results indicated that the SFTSV Gn-D Ⅲ-Ⅲ protein was successfully expressed and purified,and it was used as the coating protein to estab-lish an indirect ELISA assay for SFTSV antibody,which possesses good specificity,sensitivity and reproducibility.This method might be applied to detect human SFTSV clinical serum samples.

Objective:To investigate molecular mechanisms underlying the inflammatory response induced by Cutibacterium acnes ( C. acnes) biofilms in human primary keratinocytes. Methods:A C. acnes biofilm model was established in vitro, and confocal fluorescence microscopy was performed to examine its three-dimensional structure. The cultured human primary keratinocytes were divided into 3 groups: a dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) control group (treated with 0.01% DMSO alone), a C. acnes suspension group (co-incubated with C. acnes suspensions), and a C. acnes biofilm group (co-incubated with C. acnes biofilms). Real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was performed to determine the relative mRNA expression of interleukin (IL) -6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α in the groups after 6-hour culture, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect the free protein levels of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α in the groups after 24-hour culture, and Western blot analysis to determine the protein expression of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) in keratinocytes. In addition, some human primary keratinocytes were pretreated with key molecular blockers targeting the TLR2/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) /nuclear factor (NF) -κB signaling pathway (C29, ST2825, BAY11-7082, SB203580, U0126-EtOH), and then co-incubated with C. acnes biofilms; the DMSO control group and the C. acnes biofilm group receiving no pretreatment were simultaneously set as negative and positive controls, respectively. The mRNA and free protein expression levels of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α were then detected in the above groups. One-way analysis of variance was used for comparisons among multiple groups, and the Bonferroni method was used for multiple comparisons. Results:Confocal fluorescence microscopy demonstrated a three-dimensional C. acnes biofilm structure resembling a lawn, and the biofilm grew well. RT-qPCR and ELISA showed significant differences in the mRNA and free protein expression levels of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α among the C. acnes biofilm group, C. acnes suspension group and DMSO control group (mRNA: F = 89.70, 312.17, 46.09, respectively, all P < 0.001; free protein: F = 886.12, 634.25, 307.01, respectively, all P < 0.001) ; in detail, the mRNA and free protein expression levels of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α were significantly higher in the C. acnes biofilm group than in the C. acnes suspension group and DMSO control group (all P < 0.001) ; the C. acnes suspension group showed significantly increased expression levels of IL-6 mRNA and TNF-α free protein compared with the DMSO control group ( P < 0.001, = 0.003, respectively), while there were no significant differences in the expression of IL-6 free protein, TNF-α mRNA, or IL-8 mRNA and free protein between the 2 groups (all P > 0.05). Western blot analysis showed that the TLR2 protein expression was significantly higher in the C. acnes suspension group and C. acnes biofilm group than in the DMSO control group. After the pretreatment with molecular blockers targeting the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway and co-incubation with C. acnes biofilms, the mRNA and free protein expression levels of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α were all significantly lower in the C29 group, ST2825 group, BAY11-7082 group, SB203580 group, U0126-EtOH group, as well as in the DMSO control group compared with the C. acnes biofilm group (all P < 0.05) . Conclusion:The C. acnes biofilms exhibited a strong ability to induce inflammatory responses in human keratinocytes, possibly through the activation of the TLR2/MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Objective:To classify the etiology of secondary hemophagocytic syndrome (sHLH) and explore its clinical, laboratory and therapeutic characteristics in order to deepen the understanding of the disease.Method:A retrospective observational study was conducted on sHLH patients who were treated at Peking University People's Hospital from January 2016 to December 2021. Patients under the age of 18 and those with missing clinical data were excluded. The distribution of departments visited and etiologies of sHLH were analyzed. Baseline data, clinical characteristics, complications, laboratory data, treatment, and in-hospital outcomes of sHLH were collected. The sHLH patients were then divided into 3 groups including malignancy group, macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) group and other etiologies (mainly infection) group. Intergroup comparisons were performed using chi-square tests, analysis of variance, Mann-Whitney tests, and other statistical methods.Results:A total 169 patients were enrolled, among these patients, 27.8% were malignancy-related HLH, 47.9% were MAS, and 24.3% were other etiologies related HLH. Statistical analysis revealed that the clinical characteristics of other etiological group was highly consistent with the malignancy group, including more and severer peripheral blood cell reduction, higher sCD25 levels, more Epstein-Barr virus infection, and the prognosis was similar, both were with more than 50% in-hospital mortality. And the incidence of hemophagocytosis was highest in other etiological groups (65.9%). In contrast, MAS group was with an obviously lower mortality of 17.3% ( P<0.05). Meanwhile, treatments including methylprednisolone pulse, cyclosporine A and interleukin-2 were used frequently in MAS group. Conclusion:Malignancy related HLH and other etiologies related HLH exhibit more similar clinical characteristics and prognosis, while the MAS group, has a milder overall condition and better prognosis.

Purpose To investigate the clinicopathological features,treatment,prognosis and differential diagnosis of plas-mablastic lymphoma(PBL).Methods Collect clinical data of 9 cases of PBL,use HE and immunohistochemistry EnVision staining,detect EB virus using in situ hybridization,detect B lymphocyte gene rearrangement using PCR,analyze its clinical and pathological characteristics,and review relevant literature.Results Among the 9 patients,there were 7 males and 2 fe-males,with a median age of 54 years.Two cases were found in the nasal cavity and sinuses,two cases in the lymph nodes,one cases in the gum,one cases in the tonsil,one cases in the skin,one in the colon and one in the anal canal.Among the 9 cases,4 were HIV positive.The skin lesions are plasma like cells,and the remaining areas are plasma like/immune like cells.Immuno-phenotype:CD138,MUM1 and C-myc were all positive.CD20,CD3 and CD5 were negative.Some of them expressed CD38(7/8),CD79a(6/9),CD56(3/7)and PAX5(1/8).Ki67 prolif-eration index was high(70％-95％).EBER in situ hybridiza-tion was positive in 8 cases.Conclusion The diagnosis of PBL is difficult and requires a combination of clinical manifestations,histological features,immunophenotype,and molecular patholo-gy to make the final diagnosis.The prognosis of PBL is very poor and there are no effective treatment options.

Objective To explore the effect of pristimerin combined with cisplatin on proliferation and apoptosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells.Methods CCK-8 assay was used to examine the survival rate of HNE-1 and CNE-2Z cells following treatment for 24 h with different concentrations of pristimerin,cisplatin or their combination.The changes in colony formation ability,apoptosis,and intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels of the treated cells were analyzed using colony formation assay and flow cytometry.Western blotting was performed to detect the changes in protein expressions in the cells.The effects of pre-treatment with NAC on proliferation,apoptosis,and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway were observed in pristimerin-and/or cisplatin-treated cells.Results Both pristimerin and cisplatin significantly lowered the survival rate of HNE-1 and CNE-2Z cells(P<0.05).Compared with pristimerin or cisplatin alone,their combination more strongly inhibited survival and colony formation ability of the cells,increased cell apoptosis rate and intracellular ROS levels,upregulated the protein expressions of Bax,cleaved caspase-3,and cleaved PARP,and downregulated the protein expressions of Bcl-2,Mcl-1,PARP and p-PI3K and p-AKT(P<0.05).NAC pretreatment significantly attenuated proliferation inhibition and apoptosis-promoting effects of pristimerin combined with cisplatin,and partially restored the downregulated protein expressions of p-PI3K and p-AKT in HNE-1 and CNE-2Z cells with the combined treatment(P<0.05).Conclusion Pristimerin can enhance cisplatin-induced proliferation inhibition and apoptosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells,the mechanism of which may involve ROS-mediated deactivation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.