ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of the traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） compound Chaiqin Xiaoyong Decoction （柴芩消痈饮， CXD） combined with Jinhuang Ointment （金黄膏， JO） in treating the nodular stage of acne mastitis of liver meridian heat accumulation type. MethodsA randomized， double-blind， placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted. A total of 108 patients with liver meridian heat accumulation type acne mastitis in the nodular stage were randomly assigned to a treatment group and a control group， with 54 patients in each group. Both groups received topical application of JO once daily at a thickness of 3~5 mm for 8 hours， along with standard nursing care. On this basis， the treatment group received oral CXD granules， while the control group received placebo granules， administered twice daily， 3 sachets per dose， for 14 consecutive days. Clinical efficacy， TCM symptom scores， nodule size， visual analogue scale （VAS） pain scores， white blood cell （WBC） count， C-reactive protein （CRP） level， and systemic immune-inflammation index （SII） were compared. At the end of treatment， efficacy and safety indicators were evaluated. A 6-month follow-up was conducted to compare the proportion of patients undergoing surgical treatment. ResultsThe total clinical efficacy rate in the treatment group was 90.38% （47/52）， significantly higher than 32.00% （16/50） in the control group （P＜0.01）. The treatment group also showed significantly lower TCM symptom scores， VAS scores， nodule size， WBC count， CRP level， and SII （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. During follow-up， the surgical intervention rate in the treatment group was 5.77% （3/52）， lower than 14.00% （7/50） in the control group， with a statistically significant difference （P＜0.01）. No significant abnormalities were observed in safety indicators before and after treatment in either group. ConclusionCXD effectively reduces nodule size and alleviates symptoms such as redness and pain in patients with acne mastitis of liver meridian heat accumulation type， improves TCM symptom scores， enhances overall clinical efficacy， and demonstrates good safety.

Over the past three decades， China has made significant progress in the prevention and control of viral hepatitis， and the incidence rates of new-onset pediatric hepatitis B virus infections and acute viral hepatitis in the population have reduced to a relatively low level； however， there is still a heavy disease burden of chronic viral hepatitis in China， which severely affects the health status of the population. This study systematically summarizes the achievements of viral hepatitis prevention and control in China， analyzes existing problems and challenges， and proposes comprehensive prevention and control strategies and measures to eliminate viral hepatitis as a public health threat based on the national conditions of China， in order to provide a reference for related departments in China on how to achieve the action targets for eliminating viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030.

Given that ovarian stimulation is vital for assisted reproductive technology (ART) and results in elevated serum estrogen levels, exploring the impact of elevated estrogen exposure on oocytes and embryos is necessary. We investigated the effects of various ovarian stimulation treatments on oocyte and embryo morphology and gene expression using a mouse model and estrogen-treated mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). Female C57BL/6J mice were subjected to two types of conventional ovarian stimulation and ovarian hyperstimulation; mice treated with only normal saline served as controls. Hyperstimulation resulted in high serum estrogen levels, enlarged ovaries, an increased number of aberrant oocytes, and decreased embryo formation. The messenger RNA (mRNA)‍-sequencing of oocytes revealed the dysregulated expression of lysine-specific demethylase 6b (Kdm6b), which may be a key factor indicating hyperstimulation-induced aberrant oocytes and embryos. In vitro, Kdm6b expression was downregulated in mESCs treated with high-dose estrogen; treatment with an estrogen receptor antagonist could reverse this downregulated expression level. Furthermore, treatment with high-dose estrogen resulted in the upregulated expression of histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) and phosphorylated H2A histone family member X (γ-H2AX). Notably, knockdown of Kdm6b and high estrogen levels hindered the formation of embryoid bodies, with a concomitant increase in the expression of H3K27me3 and γ-H2AX. Collectively, our findings revealed that hyperstimulation-induced high-dose estrogen could impair the demethylation of H3K27me3 by reducing Kdm6b expression. Accordingly, Kdm6b could be a promising marker for clinically predicting ART outcomes in patients with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.
Female ; Mice ; Demethylation/drug effects* ; Embryonic Stem Cells ; Estrogens/administration & dosage* ; Gene Expression/drug effects* ; Histones/metabolism* ; Jumonji Domain-Containing Histone Demethylases/metabolism* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Oocytes ; Ovary/drug effects* ; Reproductive Techniques, Assisted ; Animals

Objective:To explore the influence of central obesity on the risk of breast cancer and the possible role of dietary factors in its prevention.Methods:This study is a case-control study including a total of 212 participants, of whom 63 were with breast cancer, 71 were with breast nodules, and 80 were healthy controls. We used bioelectrical impedance analysis to measure body composition,and adopted the food frequency questionnaire to investigate dietary intake of participants.Results:The visceral adipose tissue ( OR=1.03, 95% CI: 1.003 to 1.077) and trunk fat mass ( OR=1.470, 95% CI: 1.104 to 2.184) were independently associated with the increased risk of breast cancer. Dietary patterns characterized by low dietary intake of beans and dairy products ( OR=1.300, 95% CI: 1.044 to 1.619) and high intake of cereals and red meat ( OR=2.254, 95% CI: 1.705 to 2.982) will increase the risk of breast cancer. Moreover, high meat intake ( β=0.268, 95% CI: 0.034 to 0.503) would advance the accumulation of visceral fat, while high bean intake ( β=-0.485, 95% CI: -0.865 to -0.104) would inhibit. Conclusions:Central obesity is an independent risk factor for breast cancer. Insufficient intake of beans and excessive intake of red meat are identified as factors that can exacerbate central obesity in breast cancer patients.

Intermittent fasting (IF) is a common intensive nutrition and lifestyle intervention strategy for overweight and obesity. Common regimens in clinical studies consist of time-restricted feeding, alternate-day fasting and 5:2 diet. The mechanisms of IF in weight loss and metabolic health are complex. IF with rational design and regular follow-up has been shown to achieve weight reduction and improve insulin resistance and metabolic health in the population with overweight and obesity. IF has been widely used in many long-term follow-up and large sample studies without major complications. The lean body mass also showed a decrease following weight loss achieved through intermittent fasting intervention, but the ratio of lean body mass to body weight increased when adjusted for changes in weight. This review looks at the progress of clinical researches on common intermittent fasting regimens, in the aim to inform clinical practice.

The emergence of high virulent mutant strains of infectious bursal disease virus(IBDV)becomes a serious threat to the poultry industry.However,the live attenuated IBDV vaccine can potentially revert to a virulent strain.Therefore,it is a necessary to develop safe and effective IB-DV-associated vaccines.The construction of a recombinant Marek's disease(MD)vaccine strain,CVI988,expressing the IBDV VP2 protein,can protect against disease induced by both IBDV and Marek's disease virus(MDV).Here,the IBDV-VP2 gene was integrated into the UL55 locus of CVI988 by bacterial artificial chromosome(BAC)technique,resulting in the recombinant virus CVI988 BAC-VP2.The recombinant virus was characterized by PCR,IFA and subsequently the bi-ological properties of the recombinant virus were investigated.The results showed that the recom-binant virus CVI988 BAC-VP2 was successfully rescued.The VP2 protein stably expressed in chick-en embryo fibroblasts(CEF).The growth kinetics and plague size assays showed that there was comparable replication ability between recombinant virus and parental virus.This study provides the basis for the development of a low-cost vaccine against both IBDV and MDV infections.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)is the most prevalent chronic liver disease globally,with only one Food and Drug Administration(FDA)-approved drug for its treatment.Given MASLD's complex pathophysiology,ther-apies that simultaneously target multiple pathways are highly desirable.One promising approach is dual-modulation of the famesoid X receptor(FXR),which regulates lipid and bile acid metabolism.However,FXR agonists alone are insufficient due to their limited anti-inflammatory effects.This study aimed to dto identify natural products capable of both FXR activation and inflammation inhibition to provide a comprehensive therapeutic approach for MASLD.Potential FXR ligands from the Natural Product Library were predicted via virtual screening using the Protein Preparation Wizard module in Schrodinger(2018)for molecular docking.Direct binding and regulation of candidate compounds on FXR were analyzed using surface plasmon resonance(SPR)binding assay,reporter gene ana-lysis,and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).The anti-inflammatory properties of these compounds were eval-uated in AML12 cells treated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α).Dual-function compounds with FXR agonism and inflamma-tion inhibition were further identified in cells transfected with Fxr siRNA and treated with TNF-α.The effects of these dual-function compounds on lipid accumulation and inflammation were evaluated in cells treated with palmitic acid.Results revealed that 17 natural products were predicted via computational molecular docking as potential FXR agonists,with 15 exhibiting a strong affinity for FXR recombinant protein.Nine isoflavone compounds significantly enhanced FXR reporter luciferase activity and the mRNA expressions of Shp and Ostb.Structure-activity relationship analysis indicated that introducing isopropyl or methoxy groups at the C7 position or a methoxy group at the C6 position could enhance the agonistic efficacy of isoflavones.Three compounds(2,6,and 8)were identified as dual-function natural products functioning as FXR agonists and inflammatory inhibitors,while one compound(12)acted as an FXR agonist to inhibit inflammation.These natural products protected hepatocytes against palmitic acid-induced lipid accumulation and in-flammation.In conclusion,compounds 2,6,and 8(genistein,biochanin A,and 7-methoxyisoflavone,respectively)were identified as dual-function bioactive products that transactivate FXR and inhibit inflammation,serving as potential candidates or lead compounds for MASLD therapy.

Objective:To report the results of national surveillance on the distribution and antimicrobial resistance profile of clinical Gram-positive bacteria isolates from bloodstream infections in China in 2022.Methods:The clinical isolates of Gram-positive bacteria from blood cultures in member hospitals of National Bloodstream Infection Bacterial Resistant Investigation Collaborative System（BRICS）were collected during January 2022 to December 2022. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were conducted by agar dilution or broth dilution methods recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute（CLSI）. WHONET 5.6 and SPSS 25.0 software were used to analyze the data.Results:A total of 3 163 strains of Gram-positive pathogens were collected from 51 member units，and the top five bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus（ n=1 147，36.3%），coagulase-negative Staphylococci（ n=928，29.3%）， Enterococcus faecalis（ n=369，11.7%）， Enterococcus faecium（ n=296，9.4%）and alpha-hemolyticus Streptococci（ n=192，6.1%）. The detection rates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus（MRSA）and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococci（MRCNS）were 26.4%（303/1 147）and 66.7%（619/928），respectively. No glycopeptide and daptomycin-resistant Staphylococci were detected. The sensitivity rates of Staphylococcus aureus to cefpirome，rifampin，compound sulfamethoxazole，linezolid，minocycline and tigecycline were all >95.0%. Enterococcus faecium was more prevalent than Enterococcus faecalis. The resistance rates of Enterococcus faecium to vancomycin and teicoplanin were both 0.5%（2/369），and no vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium was detected. The detection rate of MRSA in southern China was significantly lower than that in other regions（ χ2=14.578， P=0.002），while the detection rate of MRCNS in northern China was significantly higher than that in other regions（ χ2=15.195， P=0.002）. The detection rates of MRSA and MRCNS in provincial hospitals were higher than those in municipal hospitals（ χ2=13.519 and 12.136， P<0.001）. The detection rates of MRSA and MRCNS in economically more advanced regions（per capita GDP≥92 059 Yuan in 2022）were higher than those in economically less advanced regions（per capita GDP<92 059 Yuan）（ χ2=9.969 and 7.606， P=0.002和0.006）. Conclusions:Among the Gram-positive pathogens causing bloodstream infections in China， Staphylococci is the most common while the MRSA incidence decreases continuously with time；the detection rate of Enterococcus faecium exceeds that of Enterococcus faecalis. The overall prevalence of vancomycin-resistant Enterococci is still at a low level. The composition ratio of Gram-positive pathogens and resistant profiles varies slightly across regions of China，with the prevalence of MRSA and MRCNS being more pronounced in provincial hospitals and areas with a per capita GDP≥92 059 yuan.

Objective:To explore the role and mechanisms of action of human circular RNA 0001400 (hsa_circ_0001400) and its linear transcript RELL1 in the development of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) .Methods:KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) was induced and extracted from BCBL-1 cells by phorbol ester. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were then infected with KSHV, inverted microscopy and real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) were performed to observe cellular morphology and determine the expression of KSHV lytic gene ORF50 and latent gene LANA, respectively, so as to verify whether the infection was successful. HUVECs in the logarithmic growth phase were divided into 3 groups: HUVEC group (uninfected HUVECs), KSHV + HUVEC group (HUVECs infected with KSHV at a multiplicity of infection [MOI] of 0.5), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor group (HUVECs infected with KSHV at a MOI of 0.5 for 6 hours, followed by the treatment with 1 μmol/L MAPK inhibitor). Cell counting kit (CCK8) assay and flow cytometry were performed to assess the cellular proliferative ability and detect apoptosis in the above 3 groups, respectively. qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis were conducted to determine the transcription and protein expression levels of hsa_circ_0001400, its linear transcript RELL1, and rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (RAS) /MAPK signaling pathway-related genes in the HUVEC group and KSHV + HUVEC group. Five pairs of KS tissues and paraneoplastic tissues were collected, and mRNA expression of the above genes was verified by qRT-PCR in the KS tissue samples. Statistical analyses were performed using two-way analysis of variance, one-way analysis of variance, and t test. Results:Compared with the uninfected HUVECs, the infected HUVECs became rounder and grew more densely at 48 hours after the infection with KSHV. The mRNA expression of ORF50 and LANA genes could be detected in the KSHV-infected HUVECs, and their mRNA expression levels were significantly higher than those in the uninfected HUVECs (both P < 0.001), indicating successful infection of HUVEC by KSHV. The cellular proliferative rate in the KSHV + HUVEC group gradually increased over time during 24 to 72 hours after the infection, while that in the MAPK inhibitor group was markedly inhibited. The total apoptosis rate at 48 hours significantly differed among the 3 groups ( F = 673.98, P < 0.001), and was significantly higher in the MAPK inhibitor group than in the KSHV + HUVEC group and the HUVEC group (both P < 0.001), while there was no significant difference between the KSHV + HUVEC group and the HUVEC group ( P > 0.05). qRT-PCR showed that the mRNA expression of hsa_circ_0001400, RELL1, Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homologue (KRAS), MAPK11, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) -2 was significantly higher in the KSHV + HUVEC group than in the HUVEC group (all P < 0.05), while ERK1 mRNA expression did not significantly differ between the 2 groups ( t = 0.92, P = 0.410). Western blot assay showed that the protein expression of RELL1, KRAS, MAPK11, ERK1, and ERK2 was significantly higher in the KSHV + HUVEC group than in the HUVEC group (all P < 0.01). The mRNA expression of RELL1, ERK1, and ERK2 was significantly higher in the KS tissues than in the paraneoplastic tissues (all P < 0.05) . Conclusion:KSHV infection may regulate the occurrence and development of KS by inducing the expression of hsa_circ_0001400 and its linear transcript RELL1, as well as activating the MAPK signaling pathway.

A case of acute kidney injury in a military pilot after taking normal dose of diclofenac sodium capsules for 2 days was reported.Serum creatinine 519.1 μmol/L,blood urea 15.01 mmol/L,blood uric acid 590.4 μmol/L were tested,and dexamethasone injection was given intravenously.After 8 days,renal function returned to normal.After 1 month of ground observation,the patient was generally in good condition,and the abdominal ultrasound,renal vascular ultrasound,hematuria routine,and renal function were all normal.After discussion and decision by the Special Service Health Identification Committee,the aviation medical identification conclusion was that the flight was qualified.This article shows that military pilots should carefully read the drug instructions before taking diclofenac sodium capsules due to their illness,pay close attention to renal function after medication,and effectively ensure the safety of medication while maintaining the stability of the combat effectiveness of the troops.