Objective To assess the safety and efifcacy of a novel biodegradable polymer-coated Cobalt-Chromium alloy sirolimus-eluting stent in a porcine model. Methods Bare metal stents (BMS) (n=15), commercial available EXcellstents (n=21), and Cobalt-Chromium alloy PLAG-coated sirolimus-eluting stents (Co-P-SES) (n=21) were implanted in left anterior descending coronary (LAD, n=28)and left circumflex coronary (LCX, n=13), and right coronary artery (RCA, n=16) of 30 mini-pigs randomly. Coronary angiography was performed 28 days, 90 days and 180 days after the stenting procedure to evaluate luminal loss (LL), and then, histomorphology analysis was performed. Results 28 days and 91 days after the implantation, there were no significant differences in LL, neointimal area, Inflammation score and endothelialization score among the three groups. 28 days after the implantation, better endothelialization was observed in Co-P-SES group compared with EXcellgroup under scanning electron microscope. 182 days after the implantation, there were larger lumen area and less neointimal area in Co-P-SES group compared with EXcellgroup under similar internal elastic lamina area[(4.31±0.94) mm2 vs. (2.62±1.17) mm2, P=0.020];[(1.87±0.53) mm2 vs. (0.84±0.41) mm2, P=0.004]with statistical significance. Conclusions The novel biodegradable polymer-coated Cobalt-Chromium alloy sirolimus-eluting stents showed similar safety compared with commercial available EXcellstents. There would be a better potential of the novel stent on inhibiting the neointimal proliferation and endothelialization. However, further preclinical study including long term endpoints and clinical study should be conducted in order to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the novel Co-P-SES.

Aim To study the effect of (S) -1, 8-(2-methyl phosphate ethoxy )-6-fluorine-7-( 4-methyl- pi-perazine-1-base )-3-[ S-benzyls-based-4-( for nitroben-zene methylene group amino )-1 , 2 , 4-all triazole-3 base]-quinoline ( 1-H )-4-ketone ( M18 ) on apoptosis of hepatocarcinoma SMMC-7721 cells in vitro. Meth-ods With different concentrations of M18 at different time used to treat SMMC-7721 cells, human breast cancer MB-231cells, human colon cancer HCT-116 cells, human hepatocarcinoma HEPG-2 cells, mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells ( BMSCs ) in vitro,the inhibition effects of M18 on cell proliferation were examined by MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was de-termined using Hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining and TUNEL method. Mitochondrial membrane poten-tial (△ψm ) was measured using a high content screening image system. Protein expression of caspase-3 , p53 and cytochrome C was detected with Western blot analysis. Results Treatment with M18 ( 4 ~32μmol·L-1 ) potently inhibited the proliferation of the cancer cells in time-and dose-dependent manners ( the IC50 value at 24 h in SMMC-7721 cells, MB-231cells,
HCT-116 cells and HEPG-2 cells was 8. 65 μmol · L-1 , 9. 37 μmol · L-1 , 12. 74 μmol · L-1 and 9. 40μmol · L-1 , respectively ) . In contrast, M18 had weak cytotoxicity against BMSCs with IC50 value of 38. 96 μmol·L-1 . Levofloxacin had weak cytotoxicity against SMMC-7721 cells with IC50 value of 735. 10μmol·L-1 . Treatment of SMMC-7721cells with differ-ent concentrations of M18 for 24 h increased the per-centage of the apoptosis cells ( P <0. 05 ) and de-creased the mitochondrial membrane potential. In ad-dition, M18 increased protein expression of p53, caspase-3 and the cleaved activated forms of caspase-3 in SMMC-7721 cells. Treatment of SMMC-7721 cells with M18 significantly increased cytochrome C in the cytosol, and decreased cytochrome C in the mitochon-drial compartment. Conclusion The mitochondrial-dependent pathways are involved in M18 induction of apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells.

Objective To compare the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) and contrastenhanced CT(CECT) for the differential diagnosis of the benign and malignant hepatic nodules in BuddChiari syndrome(BCS).Methods Thirty-nine BCS patients with hepatic nodules underwent CEUS and CECT examination separately,through which the perfusion characters of the nodules in different phases were observed.With the pathological result as the golden standard,the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of CEUS and CECT were compared on diagnosing benign regenerative nodules and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in BCS.Results Of the 66 hepatic lesions in 39 patients,21 were hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),and the other 45 were regenerative nodules.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of CEUS and CECT were 81％,91％,88％ and 71％,84％,80％ respectively.Thus the diagnostic efficiency difference between CEUS and CECT had no statistic significance(P ＞0.05).Conclusions The differential diagnoses of the benign and malignant hepatic nodules in BCS on CEUS and CECT have high consistency.Due to the convenience and safety of CEUS,it can be used as first-line method.

Objective To summarize the chest CT features of IgG4-related lung disease(IgG4-RLD).Methods The clinical data and chest CT findings of 10 patients with IgG4-RLD diagnosed by the pathological findings of lungs or bronchus were analyzed retrospectively,including masses,nodules,ground glass opacities,pulmonary interlobular septal thickening,bronchovascular bundle thickening,mediastinal lymph nodes enlargement and pleural involvement.Results There were two types of chest CT findings in 10 patients:(1 )Isolated mass/nodule type in 5 patients,presenting as a single lung mass (n＝3)and a single lung nodule (n＝2),and the lesions were in irregular shape, with shallow lobulated edges and burrs,with no mediastinal lymph nodes enlargement.(2)Interstitial thickening in 5 patients,presenting with thickening of pulmonary lobular septum(n＝5)and thickening of bronchovascular bundle(n＝4),multiple patchyground glass opacities(n＝3), consolidation(n＝3),mild mediastinum lymph nodes enlargement(n＝3),a little bilateral pleural effusion(n＝2)and nodular thickening of pleura(n＝2).Serum IgG4 level was increased in 4 cases.Conclusion Chest CT findings of IgG4-RLD can be classified into two types:solitary mass/nodule type and interstitial type.Combing the chest CT manifestation with clinical characteristics will improve the diagnostic accuracy of IgG4-RLD.

Objective: To prepare a composite membrane by chitosan/β-sodium glycerophosphate(CS/β-GP) thermosensitive hydrogel combined with stromal cell derived factor-1(SDF-1) and observe its biological characteristics in vitro. Methods: Different doses of SDF-1 were added into CS/β-GP solution and then the thermosensitive gel time was measured. The SDF-1/CS/β-GP solution was membrane paved and dried to prepare composite membranes. The morphological characteristics were observed by scanning electron microscope(SEM). Composite membranes were placed into cell culture medium, and the supernatant(n=3) was extracted after standing at 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 h, respectively. The concentration of SDF-1 in the solution was measured. Bone mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs) were cultured in the Transwell room, and the composite membranes containing different concentrations of SDF-1 were placed in the lower chamber. There were four groups(n=3): Group M0 used CS/β-GP membrane(control group), Group M1, M2, M3 used SDF-1/CS/β-GP membrane(SDF-1 was 100, 200, 400 ng/mL respectively). After culture for 6, 12 and 24 h, the cells under the membrane were preserved and Giemsa stained and counted. The absorbance(OD) value was measured by MTT method to calculate the cell proliferation rate. SPSS 19.0 was used for multi-factor analysis of variance. Results : After adding a certain amount of SDF-1 into CS/β-GP solution, the gel time did not change significantly(P>0.05). The SDF-1/CS/β-GP membrane was translucent and porous at 37 ℃. In this experiment, the volumic mass of SDF-1 released by SDF-1/CS/β-GP composite membrane increased gradually with the experimental time(P<0.01). Transwell cell chemotaxis test showed that the number of BMSCs cells with directional migration increased with the prolongation of observation time(P<0.01) and the increase of SDF-1 volumic mass(P<0.01). In MTT test, the OD value of migration cell solution increased with the prolongation of time(P<0.01) and the increase of SDF-1 volumic mass(P<0.01). Conclusion The SDF-1/CS/β-GP composite membrane has a porous structure and biological activity of chemotactic BMSCs directional migration. It is a potential membrane for guided tissue regeneration.

BACKGROUND:Tissue flossing is a new injury prevention tool and auxiliary exercise training strategy.Tissue flossing can increase joint range of motion,improve athletic performance,and relieve pain,and is increasingly widely used in the field of sports and rehabilitation. OBJECTIVE:To review the mechanism of tissue flossing and its application in sports and rehabilitation to provide a reference for follow-up research. METHODS:"Tissue flossing;compression tissue flossing;floss band;voodoo flossband;blood flow restriction;shearing of fascia;musculoskeletal rehabilitation;sport injury"were used as Chinese and English search terms to search on the databases of CNKI,WanFang,VIP,PubMed and EBSCO databases.Relevant articles from January 2000 to October 2022 were retrieved,and 86 articles were finally included according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Tissue flossing intervention can improve lower limb joint motion,improve sprint and jump performance,promote joint injury rehabilitation,and relieve pain subjectively.However,tissue flossing intervention did not improve the range of motion of the upper limb.There is still controversy on the acute enhancement of lower limb muscle strength.It has a good tendency to improve lower limb balance and stability and improve mental state,but more studies are needed to confirm.The possible mechanisms of tissue flossing intervention are mainly fascia shear,pain gating,blood flow restriction and reperfusion,and compression.Tissue flossing is a useful treatment option that can provide important contributions in the future in the areas of sports training,sports injury prevention and rehabilitation,but more long-term in-depth studies are needed.

Objective:To explore the application and treatment efficacy of less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) and nasal high-frequency oscillation ventilation (nHFOV) in very low and extremely low birth weight preterm infants with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS).Methods:A total of 85 very low and extremely low birth weight preterm infants with gestational age ranging between 27-32 weeks who were diagnosed with NRDS in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from July 2018 to October 2019 were enrolled.After being stratified by gestational age of >27-29 weeks, >29-30 weeks, >30-31 weeks, >31-32 weeks, the neonates were divided into the LISA group (40 cases) and the intubation-surfactant-extubation (INSURE) group (45 cases) by the random envelope method.The LISA group was subdivided into the continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) group (25 cases) and the nHFOV group (15 cases) by the same method.The patients in the INSURE group were infused with pulmonary surfactant (PS) through the endotracheal tube under positive airway pressure, and then treated with CPAP after extubation.The patients in the LISA group were first treated with CPAP and injected with PS through the gastric tube.After removing the gastric tube, the patients in the CPAP group were given CPAP-assisted ventilation, while the patients in the nHFOV group were given nHFOV-assisted ventilation or mechanical ventilation if nHFOV-assisted ventilation failed.The feasibility of LISA technology and nHFOV was observed, and the adverse reactions, mechanical ventilation, oxygen duration, hospital stay and the incidence of NRDS complications in different groups of the patients were compared.Results:(1) The mechanical ventilation rate (5.0% vs.22.2%), the incidence of broncho-pulmonary dysplasia (BPD) (20.0% vs.42.2%) and the incidence of periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) (12.5% vs.42.2%) in the LISA group were significantly lower than those in the INSURE group (all P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in total oxygen duration, hospitalization duration, intraventricular he-morrhage (IVH), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) between the LISA group and the INSURE group (all P>0.05). (2) There was no significant difference in adverse reactions between the LISA group and the INSURE group as well as between the CPAP group and the nHFOV group (all P>0.05). (3) The younger the gestational age at birth, the higher the incidence of NRDS complications.Patients in the LISA group had a lower incidence of NPDS complications than patients of the same gestational age in the INSURE group, but the diffe-rence was not statistically significant (all P>0.05). (4) There was no significant difference in the mechanical ventilation rate and the incidence of BPD, IVH, PVL, NEC and ROP complications between the CPAP group and the nHFOV group (all P>0.05). Conclusions:In the treatment of very low and extremely low birth weight preterm infants with NRDS at the gestational age of 27-32 weeks, LISA technology is a safe and effective PS delivery method, which can reduce the mechanical ventilation rate and the incidence of BPD and PVL.The nHFOV can be used as an initial model for respiratory support of NRDS preterm infants with very low and ultra-low birth weight.LISA combined with nHFOV is applicable to the treatment of preterm infants with NRDS.

Objective:To evaluate the accuracy and stability of Eye-Monitor, a smart wearable device, in quantifying environmental risks related to myopia.Methods:A diagnostic test study was conducted.Forty-two subjects aged 18-25 years old were recruited from Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine in December 2021.Forty-two Eye-Monitors were selected from 80 devices using the simple random sampling method.Static and dynamic tests were carried out to compare environmental risks related to myopia.The static tests included measurements under different working distances, different head tilt angles when sitting, and different light intensities.The dynamic tests included measurements under different near-work time, different outdoor activity time, different time watching computers, and different phone viewing time.Eye-Monitor with the largest sum of absolute values of total relative error was selected, Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the set values and Eye-Monitor measurements, and the accuracy of the objectively measured values was evaluated by Bland-Altman consistency analysis.The stability of the objectively measured values from Eye-Monitor was evaluated by the coefficient of variation.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (No.HEC-KS-2021005KY). Written informed consent was obtained from each subject.Results:There were significant correlations between the measured values and setting values in the working distance, head tilt angle when sitting, indoor light intensity, total near-work time, average continuous near-work time, outdoor activity time, time watching computers, and time viewing phones ( rs=0.999, 0.998, 0.999, 0.998, 0.976, 0.959, 0.992, 0.997; all at P<0.001), with the 95% limits of agreement (LoA) of-1.23-2.32 cm, -1.49-4.24°, -13.90-26.90 lx, -6.46-0.11 minutes, -4.50-1.20 minutes, -4.01-1.34 minutes, -2.54-1.94 minutes and-2.15-0.45 minutes, respectively.More than 95% of dots were within the clinically acceptable LoA.The coefficients of variation of the measured values ranged from 1.23%-2.99%, 2.39%-8.25%, 0.87%-8.03%, 1.49%-12.52%, 6.63%-13.59%, 0.00%-14.15%, 1.20%-8.33 and 1.49%-12.51%, respectively, showing good stability.Eye-Monitor had good accuracy in measuring outdoor light intensity (95% LoA: -336.50-130.00 lx). Conclusions:The smart wearable device Eye-Monitor can be used to objectively monitor working distance, head tilt angle when sitting, indoor light intensity, total near-work time, average continuous near-work time, outdoor activity time, time watching computers, and time watching phones, which are with good accuracy and stability.

Humans ; Mutation/genetics* ; HIV Infections/drug therapy* ; Drug Resistance ; Treatment Failure ; China ; Drug Resistance, Viral/genetics*

Objective: To investigate the distribution of pupil diameter and its association with myopia in school age children, providing ideas into the mechanisms of the role of pupil diameter in the onset and development of myopia. Methods: Adopting a combination of stratified cluster random sampling and convenience sampling method, 3 839 children from six schools in Shandong Province were included in September 2021. Pupil diameters distribution was analyzed by age, sex, and myopic status. Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between pupil diameter and cycloplegic spherical equivalent (SE), as well as axial length (AL) and other variables. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to match myopic and non myopic children at a 1∶1 ratio based on age and sex. A generalized linear model (GLM) was constructed with pupil diameter as the dependent variable to identify independent factors influencing pupil size and its association with myopia. Results: The mean pupil diameter of school age children was (5.77±0.80)mm. Pupil diameter exhibited a significant increasing trend with age ( F =49.34， P trend ＜ 0.01). Myopic children had a significantly larger mean pupil diameter [(6.10±0.73)mm] compared to non myopic children [(5.62±0.79)mm] with a statistically significant difference( t=18.10, P <0.01). Multivariable GLM analysis, adjusted for age, amplitude of accommodation, and uncorrected visual acuity, revealed a negative correlation between pupil diameter and cycloplegic SE (before PSM: β =-0.089, after PSM: β =-0.063, both P ＜0.01). Conclusions Myopic school age children exhibite larger pupil diameters than their non myopic counterparts. Pupil diameter may serve as a potential indicator for monitoring myopia development in school age children.