Objective:To investigate association between loneliness and depressive episode among rural older people.Methods:A total of 839 rural adults (aged over 60 years) from Liuyang in Hunan were enrolled by using multi-stage cluster sampling method.The Short-form of the UCLA Loneliness Scale,the Social Support Rating Scale,the Life Events Scale for the Elderly,Quality of Life Scale,and the Activity of Daily Living Scale were used to assess loneliness,the social support condition,the stimulating quantity of negative life events,the quality of life,and the abilities of daily life activities,respectively.The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-Ⅳ-TR Axis I Disorders questionnaire survey was performed by a face-to-face interview.Results:The prevalence rate of depressive episode among the rural older people was 6.8％.Multivariable analysis showed that the elderly who were with stronger loneliness were the risk factor of depression (OR=1.126,95％CI 1.038 to 1.221).Conclusion:Loneliness is positively associated with an increased risk of depressive episode.

[Objective]To sort out and correct the transmission context of the mistaken authorship of Wenbing Zhinan(Guide to Warm Diseases)and Yixue Zhenchuan(Medical Secrets)as being by GAO Bingjun.[Methods]Through the method of character verification,a literature verification and sorting is conducted on the individuals and events of GAO Bingjun,LOU Jie and GAO Shishi.Through the method of literature retrieval,academic papers and monographs with errors in Wenbing Zhinan and Yixue Zhenchuan are retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)and Duxiu databases.Through the method of bibliometrics,the CNKI literature co-citation network analysis tool is used to analyze the citation network of erroneous references in Yixue Zhenchuan.[Results]Based on the biographical information of GAO Bingjun,LOU Jie and GAO Shishi,it was known that they specialized in different fields and their birth-death dates did not overlap.According to the research papers and monographs indicating errors in transmission context,it was suggested that the source upstream of errors in Wenbing Zhinan and Yixue Zhenchuan should be attributed to the 2002 edition electronic book Zhonghua Yidian(Chinese Medical Records).The results from network analysis indicated that a paper titled"Theoretical Study on Warming and Dredging Function of Moxibustion"published in 2011,played a significant role in promoting the spread of errors regarding authors'mistakes in Yixue Zhenchuan.[Conclusion]The author of Wenbing Zhinan was LOU Jie and the author of Yixue Zhenchuan was GAO Shishi respectively.These two books were mistakenly attributed to GAO Bingjun due to scholars'failure to carefully verify original documents during citations.This suggests that researchers must exercise caution when citing sources to avoid perpetuating errors.

The combination of sourness,bitterness,sweetness,pungency,and saltness results in different effects.Through the analysis of the theory of combining five flavours in Fu Qingzhu's Obstetrics and Gynecology,this article explores its application in formulation ideas and the characteristics of Chinese medication,summarized as"primarily sweet,with all four flavors harmonized".FU Qingzhu emphasizes the central role of sweet-flavour medicine in facilitating conception,while incorporating the other four flavours in synergy.For instance,sweet and pungent flavours can boost yang energy,eliminating chilliness and warming the uterus;sour and sweet flavours can nourish yin essence and protect the uterus;bitter and sweet flavours can tonify yin,supporting the kidneys and moistening the uterus;and pungent and salty flavours can eliminate stasis,regenerate blood,and enhance uterine functions.By flexibly utilizing the flavours and meridian affinity of traditional Chinese medicine,along with the theory of combining five flavours,it is possible to enhance drug compatibility,deepen the theoretical connotation of Chinese formulas,and regulate the uterus from both yin and yang aspects to facilitate conception.FU Qingzhu's integration of multiple Chinese formulas into a single formula allows for comprehensive treatment.Clear differentiation of dosages within the formula highlights the primary and secondary relationships of traditional Chinese medicines.Additionally,the utilization of pharmaceutical processing techniques optimizes efficacy and regulates meridians and collaterals.This article explores FU Qingzhu's application of the"pure and harmonious traditional Chinese medicines"theory.His prescription thinking enables the attainment of multi-level therapeutic effects,which greatly benefits the optimization of traditional Chinese medicine fertility assistance programs and increases pregnancy rates among infertility patients.

The outbreak of COVID-19 posed a huge threat to human health and social stability. With the rapid spread of the virus around the world, the drug development and related research of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) have become an urgent issue in the medical field. COVID-19 fails into the category of epidemics in the theory of TCM. LHQW capsule has repeatedly played an important role in many major epidemics. Previous studies have shown that LHQW capsule can inhibit the biological activity of varied viruses including MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV. The paper summarizes the relevant research data and achievements of LHQW capsule in the past few years, reviews the chemical constituents, clinical efficacy and pharmacological effects of LHQW capsule, and provides scientific basis for the anti-virus mechanism of LHQW capsule and clinical treatment of COVID-19.