Objective To explore the application of scene type trace method in physiology teach-ing reform. Methods 2009 grade clinical medicine students in Zunyi Medical College were randomly di-vided into two groups:control group (n=111) and experiment group (n=108). Students in control group were taught by traditional teaching method while those in experimented group by scene type trace method. According to the questionnaire survey and the final exam statistical analysis,the effects of teach-ing were evaluated. SPSS 15.0 software was used to do statistical analysis. Qualitative data were analyzed by chi-square test of completely randomized design and two sets of frequency distribution while quantita-tive data by independent samples t test. P<0.05 means that difference is statistically significant. Results There were statistically differences in satisfaction degree of two teaching methods. More students were sat-isfied with scene type trace method than traditional teaching method. Final exam achievement in scene type trace method group(79.90±14.25,90.74%)were higher than that in the traditional teaching method group(72.35±17.09,83.78%). Conclusions Physiology teaching scene type trace method is helpful to improve the students' learning initiative and significantly improve students' learning achieve-ment.

Aim The aim of the present study is to in-vestigate the effect of the specific antagonist NVP-AAM077 and Ro25-6981 of NMDA receptor subunit NR2A and NR2B on global cerebral ischemia-induced neuronal injury in the CA1 region. Methods Male C57BL/6 mice subjected to global ischemia by the three-vessel occlusion( 3-VO) method,were divided into four groups: sham-operated group,ischemia/reperfusion control group,NVP-AAM077 treatment group,and Ro25-6981 treatment group. Hippocampal sections were processed for Fluoro-Jade B staining to detect degenerating neurons and for Nissl staining to identify surviving neurons. The expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor( BDNF) were measured by Western blot. Results ① Transient brain ischemia induced selective and delayed neuron death in the CA1 region of the hippocampus at 12-minute ischemia after reperfusion 3 days. NR2A subtype specific antagonist NVP-AAM077 enhanced neuronal death after transient global ischemia ( P

In theory teaching,we let students know the knowledge of some important discovery and invention in the history of physiology and while in experiment teaching,we added the experiments designed by students in addition to traditional experiments,so as to enhance the students,ability of innovation.

Objective To explore the relationship between flood ing and the prevalence of schistosomiasis in the river beach area. Met hods The subjects were investigated on the ways of exposure, frequency and duratio n of water conta cted from May to November in 1999, and eggs of Schistosoma were examined bef ore and after flooding. Results Exposure to infested water for human being s in the area comprised productive, living and recreational contacts including 11 kinds of activities, and 53.55% of the subjects contacted infested w ater. The number of person, frequency and duration of water contacted in floodin g strongly increased; the infection rate and density among population stron gly increased after flooding. There was significant difference between the infec tion rate in exposure group and that in non-exposure group. Conclusions It can be inferred that flooding has increased water contacted and i nfection, therefore, health education should be strengthened to avoid or dec rease water contact.

Objective To study the effect of 20-HETE on apoptosis in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyo-cytes and investigate its mechanism. Methods Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were cultured in vitro.CCK-8 method was used to detect the cell activity and TUNEL assay was performed to analyze the cell apoptosis. Flou-3/AM la-belled assay was applied to measure the concentration of intracellular calcium([Ca2+]i). Western blot was per-formed to measure the expressions of RyR2,SERCA2a,CaMKII and phospho-CaMKII. Results Treatment with 20-HETE reduced the activity of cardiomyocytes and induced cell apoptosis obviously,while KN-93,an inhibitor of CaMKII,blocked the effects of 20-HETE. Treatment with 20-HETE significantly increased cardiomyocytes [Ca2+]i,up-regulated the expression of RyR2,and down-regulated the expression of SERCA2a,which could be blocked by KN-93. 20-HETE also increased the expressions of CaMKII and phospho-CaMKII in cardiomyocytes, indicating 20-HETE played a role in activating the CaMKII signaling pathway. Conclusions 20-HETE leads to altered functions of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium-transport protein RyR2 and SERCA2a via activating the CaMKII signaling pathway,which causes calcium overload and induces apoptosis in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes.

Objective To investigate the regulation of insulin VGLUT2 gene expression in pancreatic β cells and its exactly mechanism.Methods The rat pancreatic β cell line RIN-5F was treated by different insulin concentrations and different siRNA.The changes of VGLUT2 mRNA and protein expression levels were detected by adopting real-time qPCR and Western blot.Results In-sulin with a concentration of 100,200 nmol/L significantly inhibited the expressions of VGLUT2 mRNA and protein in RIN-5RF cells(P<0.05),moreover the inhibiting effect was most significant at 100 nmol/L.After 100 nmol/L insulin treatment,the expres-sions of VGLUT2 mRNA and protein at 12,18,24 h were significantly inhibited compared with that at 0 h(P<0.05).Compared with the Blank group,Lip2000 group and Control-siRNA group,after interfering RIN-5F by using IR-siRNA,IRS1-siRNA and IRS2-siRNA,the inhibition situation of VGLUT2 mRNA and protein expressions by 100 nmol/L insulin in each group was signifi-cantly recovered(P<0.05).Conclusion Insulin at low concentration could inhibit VGLUT 2 gene expression in rat pancreatic β cell line RIN-5F.

Objective:To investigate the consistency of Velum, Oropharygneal, Tongue base, Epiglottis (VOTE) scores between two surgeons with similar clinical experience in obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) patients with different degree of disease, and to analyze the influencing factors leading to the difference in score.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. 64 preoperative drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) videos of OSAHS patients during December 2014 to July 2018, from Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University were analyzed. The VOTE score was assessed single-blind by two similar experienced surgeons, and the Kappa value between the two scorers was calculated by the third researcher. According to the characteristics of the case, Fisher's exact test or chi-square test method was used to further explore the factors that influenced the consistency.Results:Sixty-four patients were divided into four groups according to the severity of the disease, including mild (7 cases), moderate (30 cases), severe(18 cases), and extremely severe (9 cases). The scores evaluated between two researchers were analysed for consistency. For mild patients, the two scorers were completely consistent in the configuration and degree of obstruction in the velum and epiglottis (Kappa=1). There was no agreement on whether obstruction or not, obstructed configuration, obstructed degree of the oropharynx and tongue base, and presence of velum and epiglottis obstruction. For moderate patients, the two scorers had a good consistency in the configuration and degree of the velum (0.61≤Kappa≤0.80), and there was no consistency in the evaluation of the degree of tongue base and epiglottis ( P>0.05). The consistency of the remaining obstructed conditions in the four planes was generally or moderate (0.21≤Kappa≤0.60). For patients with severe OSAHS, the two raters were completely consistent in the evaluation of palatopharyngeal and epiglottic planes for the presence of obstruction, but there was no consistency in the degree of obstruction. Although the degree of obstruction in the oropharyngeal plane can be assessed with good consistency, the consistency of whether the plane was blocked or not was generally not high. In the assessment of other obstructive conditions in the four planes of severe patients, the agreement between the two scorers was moderate or generally. For extremely severe patients, the two scorers were completely consistent in the evaluation of the velum obstruction, but there was no consistency in the degree of obstruction of the oropharynx and tongue base, and the obstruction configuration and degree of the epiglottis. The evaluation of other obstructed conditions in the four planes is good or moderate. Among the patients with severe OSAHS, the difference in the assessment of obstruction of the oropharynx was associated with tonsil size ( P<0.05). Conclusion:When physicians with similar clinical experience scored VOTE, the consistency of whether the velum and oropharyngeal planes are obstructed is related to the severity of the disease. Better consistency is observed among more severe OSAHS patients. The reason for the poor consistency of the oropharyngeal plane in severe OSAHS patients OSAHS is due to the difference of the tonsils size. For severe OSAHS patients with small tonsils, the assessment of whether the oropharynx is obstructed should be more cautious.

N6-methyladenosine(m6A)denotes the addition of a methyl group to the sixth nitrogen atom of ade-nosine,a common occurrence in eukaryotic RNA.The m6A modifications govern RNA splicing,translocation,stability,and translation into proteins.The RNA methyltransferases,like methyltransferase-like protein 3(METTL3),METTL14,and Wilms'tumor 1-associated protein(WTAP),are responsible for these modifications,while the removal process in-volves demethylases,specifically fat mass and obesity-associated protein(FTO)and ALKB homolog 5(ALKBH5).Recog-nition of these modifications is facilitated by m6A-binding proteins,such as YTH family proteins and insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding proteins(IGF2BPs).The m6A modification regulators are involved in the onset and progression of non-small-cell lung cancer through multiple mechanisms.This review concentrates on the biological functions and molecu-lar mechanisms of m6A modification-related regulatory factors in the malignant progression of non-small-cell lung cancer.