Objective: To research the effect and mechanism of how chitosan restrain fat-absorbtion, and provide references for developing a kind of nutritional and healthy fastfood. Methods: 1.In vitro digestion: Phosphomolybdic acid colorimetry; 2.In vivo experiment:240 rats were divided into four groups and fed with different diets: basal diet(Group A), high fat diet (Group B), chitosan supplemented diet (Group C), high fat and chitosan supplemented diet (Group D). The fat and chitosan content(%) of diet were A(10,0), B(60,0), C(8,20), D(34.3,14.8) respectively. Determine the blood lipids and fat output in dung, and observe the weight gain and swimming time. Results: 1.In vitro experiment showed chitosan acted on cholic acid at the best proportion 1∶8. 2.In vivo experiment showed chitosan can restrain fat-absorbtion, and increase fat output. Swimming in ice-water showed chitosan improved rats performance. Compared with group B, the blood lipids and weight of group C and D had no obvious change, but the fat-output much increased.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the type and carrier rate of deafness-related variants in Dongguan, China. METHODS: A total of 16 182 subjects were screened. Heel blood samples were collected from newborns, while peripheral venous blood samples were collected from the remainders. For each individual, 100 variations of 18 deafness susceptibility genes were detected. RESULTS: In total 1631 deafness-related variants (including 5 homozygous mutations) were detected, which gave a detection rate of 10.08%. The detection rate of SLC26A4 gene variants was the highest (845 cases, 5.22%), which was followed by GJB2 (673 cases, 4.16%), GJB3 (100 cases, 0.62%), TMC1 (12 cases, 0.07%), and MYO15A (1 case, 0.01%). The detection rate for GJB2 c.235delC variant was the highest (524 cases, 3.24%), which was followed by SLC26A4 IVS7-2A>G variant (270 cases, 1.67%). Thirty three individuals (0.20%) carried two variants at the same time, 7 of them (0.04%) carried compound heterozygous variants of the same gene. CONCLUSION To expand the range of screening can help with determination of the carrier status and provision of early intervention and genetic counseling for the examinees.
China ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Deafness ; genetics ; Genes ; Genetic Counseling ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genetic Testing ; Genetic Variation ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Mutation ; RNA, Ribosomal

Acute lung injury （ALI） is a common and highly lethal clinical syndrome characterized by acute progressive respiratory failure. Currently， the treatment of ALI primarily involves respiratory support therapy and symptomatic pharmacotherapy， yet there is still a lack of specific and effective pharmacological treatments. Qingwen Baidu decoction is a traditional Chinese medicine formula that has the effects of clearing heat， removing toxin， cooling blood， and purging fire. Its pharmacological effects include anti-inflammatory， antipyretic， antibacterial， antiviral， sedative， and so on. The flavonoids， phenols， terpenes， and other components contained in this formula have strong pharmacological activity， which can regulate the inflammatory response caused and oxidative stress in ALI and maintain the integrity of alveolar-capillary barrier （ACB） by anti-apoptosis， anti-pathogen infection， and anti-pulmonary fibrosis， thereby improving the pathological changes of lung tissue. Among them， flavonoids have been reported more， and their mechanism of action is complex and diverse. For example， quercetin， luteolin， and baicalin act on multiple important targets， such as signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 （STAT3）， mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 （MAPK3）， etc. and participate in the regulation of Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4）/myeloid differentiation primary response 88 （MyD88）/nuclear factor kappa B （NF-κB）， nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2（Nrf2）/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 （Keap1）， and silent information regulator 1 （SIRT1）/forkhead box protein O1 （FoxO1） signaling pathways， thereby intervening in pathological events such as inflammation， oxidative stress， cell apoptosis， and fibrosis. This paper aims to review the research progress on Qingwen Baidu decoction and its active ingredients in the prevention and treatment of lung injury in the expectation of providing reference for its subsequent pharmacological mechanism research and theoretical support for its clinical application and drug development in the treatment of ALI.