Objective To systematically review the efficacy of corticosteroid nasal spray plus antihistamine versus either therapy given alone or placebo in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR).Methods The PubMed, EMbase, Google Scholar and The Cochrane Library were electronically searched for randomized controlled trials ( RCTs ) about the efficacy of corticosteroid plus antihistamine for AR .The duration of the search was from the inception of the databases to April 2015 . After literature selection , data extraction and quality assessment conducted by two reviewers independently , meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.3 software.Results Ten studies involving 6568 patients were finally included .The qualitative analysis showed that the combination therapy had greater efficacy than oral antihistamines alone or placebo on improving symptoms.The results of meta-analysis showed that pooled results of two trials failed to show significant difference in total nasal symptoms between combination therapy and intranasal corticosteroid alone [ WMD =-0.20, 95%CI (-0.38,-0.01),P=0.04].The cumulative meta-analysis of six RCTs showed that the combination therapy was superior to intranasal corticosteroid alone[WMD=-1.16, 95%CI( -1.49,-0.83), P<0.00001], intranasal antihistamine alone[WMD=-1.73, 95%CI( -2.08,-1.38),P<0.00001], and placebo [WMD =-2.81, 95%CI( -3.16,-2.47), P<0.00001].Conclusion Intranasal corticosteroid plus oral antihistamine has similar efficacy to intranasal corticosteroid alone, greater efficacy than oral antihistamines alone or placebo in reducing nasal symptoms for AR patients . Intranasal corticosteroid plus intranasal antihistamine is significantly superior to either therapy given alone or placebo .

Objective To explore the expression of growth associated protein-43(GAP-43)in the inferior colliculus in rats following bilateral cochlear ablation.Methods 35 healthy adult SD rats were randomly divided into 7 groups:3,7,14,21,28,90 days following bilateral cochlear ablation and the sham operation group as the control group.The immunohistochemistry was used to observe the expression of GAP-43 after bilateral cochlear ablation in each group.Results GAP-43 was expressed in each group.The GAP-43 expression in bilateral cochlear ablation group were higher than that in the control group.The expression increased at 3 days,followed by a constant increase at 7 to 14 days with the peak on day 14.On day 21 the GAP-43 expression began to decrease.The mean gray level of GAP-43 in all the staining of groups had statistic significance compared to the control group except the group of day 90.However,in all the 7 groups,the mean gray level between the left and right ears had no statistic significance.Conclusion The change of GAP-43 expression in the inferior colliculus following bilateral cochlear ablation reflects synaptic plasticity in inferior colliculus the neurons.

Objective To investigate the effect of impulse noise expose on the expression of growth associated protein 43(Gap-43) in inferior colliculus in rat.Methods SPF grade Male SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups.The normal control group received noise exposure.The model groups received an averange impulse noise exposure of 156 dB SPL with a pulse duration of 0.23 ms, once for 6 s, for 50 times.Auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) were measured before and 3,7,14, and 28 d after noise exposure with tone pips of 2,4,8,16, and 32 kHz, from 20 to 110 dB SPL.Bilateral inferior colliculus of rats in the model groups was collected and treated by immunohistochemical staining.Gap-43 expression of rats in different groups was measured by determining the gray value of inferior immunohistochemical images.Results After noise exposure, ABRs threshold in the model groups were significantly higher than those of in the normal group (P<0.05 or P<0.01).ABRs threshold at 14 and 28 days after noise exposure were significantly lower than 3 days after impulse exposure (P<0.05).Expression of Gap-43 in inferior colliculus was significantly up-regulated in the noise exposed groups compared with the normal group (P<0.05 or P<0.01).Expression of Gap-43 was significantly down-regulated 28 days after noise expose compared with 3 days after noise expose(P<0.05).Conclusion Impulse noise exposure leads to significant elevation of ABR thresholds and up-regulation of Gap-43 expression in inferior colliculus.Impulse noise exposure may induce auditory cortex prominent remodeling.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze and explore the association between the 1607(1G/2G) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in promoter of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) gene and susceptibility of head and neck cancer (HNC) by Meta-analysis. METHOD: By the end of January 2014, the published literatures were collected for the case-control studies evaluating the relationship between HNC and -1607 SNP of MMP-1 gene from English and Chinese literature databases according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then the meta-analysis, the heterogeneity, bias and sensitivity of the results of the eligible literatures were conducted by Stata 10. 0. RESULT: A total of 9 studies including 2049 patients with HNC and 2158 controls were extracted for systematic review on the association of MMP-1 (-1607) 1G/2G SNP with the risk of HNC. Meta-analysis which based on random effects model showed that MMP-1 (-1607) 1G/2G SNP can significantly increase the risk of HNC[1G2G + 2G2G vs. 1G1G: OR = 1.45, 95% CI 1.25-1.68, P < 0.01; 2G2G vs. 1G1G + 1G2G:OR = 1.77, 95% CI 1.37-2.30, P < 0.01; 2G vs. 1G: OR = 1.52, 95% CI 1.26-1.85, P < 0.01; 2G2G vs. 1G1G: OR = 2.06, 95% CI 1.41-3.01, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION MMP-1 (-1607) 1G/2G SNP has close relationship with HNC susceptibility, people who with 2G2G genotype carriers are susceptible to HNC.
Asia ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Case-Control Studies ; Genotype ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; enzymology ; ethnology ; genetics ; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Promoter Regions, Genetic

【Objective】 To study the effect of macrophage mediator 1 (MED1) deficiency on atherosclerosis in female mice. 【Methods】 ApoE knockout (ApoE^-/-), LDLR knockout (LDLR^-/-), MED1^fl/fl, and macrophage MED1 knockout (MED1^△Mac) mice were recruited in the study. Two types of mouse model were constructed:ApoE and macrophage MED1 double knockout (MED1^△Mac/ApoE^-/-) mice and their littermate controls (MED1^fl/fl/ApoE^-/-). ② LDLR knockout (LDLR^-/-) mice receiving bone marrow from MED1^△Mac (MED1^△Mac→LDLR^-/-) or MED1^fl/fl (MED1^fl/fl→LDLR^-/-) mice. Female mice from these two models were fed a Western diet (21% fat and 0.15% cholesterol) for 12 weeks to promote the development of atherosclerosis. Body weight, total cholesterol (TC), and total triglyceride (TG) content in plasma were measured dynamically. After Western diet feeding for 12 weeks, aortic tree and aortic root were collected and hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and oil red O staining were performed. 【Results】 Plasma TC and TG did not significantly differ between MED1^fl/fl/ApoE^-/- control group and MED1^△Mac/ApoE^-/-experimental group. However, the plaque area in aortic tree and aortic root was significantly increased in MED1^△Mac/ApoE^-/-mice. Moreover, compared with that in MED1^fl/fl→LDLR^-/- control group, the plaque area of aortic tree and aortic root had an increasing trend in MED1^△Mac→LDLR^-/- mice group. 【Conclusion】 MED1 deficiency in macrophages promotes the development of atherosclerosis in female ApoE or LDLR knockout mice.