AIM: To establish an HPLC-MS method for simultaneously determining four effective components in Guilin Watermelon Frost(Mirabilitum Praeparatum,Rhizoma Coptidis,Radix Scutellariae,etc.). METHODS: The sample was extracted with methanol containing 20% chloroform under ultrasonication.The HPLC separation was performed on Zorbax SB C_(18)(3.0 mm?250 mm,5 ?m) column using water including 0.5% formic acid(A)-methanol(B) as mobile phase,with the gradient elution(0-2 min,60%B;2-5 min,60%→90%B;5 min to the end,90%B), at a flow rate of 0.40 mL/min.The compounds were analyzed by ESI-MS under ion monitoring mode(0-3 min,m/z 249;3-6 min,m/z 336;6-10 min,m/z 447;10-16 min,m/z 263). RESULTS: The linear ranges were 0.020-10.0 ?g/mL,0.010-40.0 ?g/mL,0.036-50.0 ?g/mL and 0.040-4.00 ?g/mL for matrine,berberine,baicalin and indirubin,with detection limits of 0.005,0.001,0.006 and 0.010 ?g/mL,respectively.The average recoveries ranged from 96% to 101% with all relative standard deviations less than 3%.CONCLUSION: (The method is rapid,accurate and suitable for the quality control of the four effective) components in Guilin Watermelon Frost.

Objective To assess the value of ultrasound guided percutanuous automatic biopsy of mediastinal tumors.Method Forty-six consecutive biopsies were performed on forty-six patients suffered from mediastinal tumor included 14 thymomas,12 lymphomas,9 metastasis carcinomas,5 mediastinal lung carcinomas,3 teratomas,2 neuroblastomas,1 granulosa cell tumor.Under US guidance,a 18-guage core needle with automatic biopsy device was used.Specimen was fixed with 10% formaldehyde solution.Results The procedure of puncture was successful in all patients.The positive rate histologically was 89%(41/46).No complication (such as hemorrhage,pneumothorax and dyspnoea) was happened.Conclusion We consider that the ultrasound-guided percutaneous needle biopsy is a safe and reliable method for the histological diagnosis of mediastinal tumors.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of pure titanium modified by bioadhesive RGD peptide on the early attachment, growth and proliferation of osteoblasts. Methods: The titanium samples were hydroxylated by alkali/hot water aging and sol-gel layer-by-layer deposition technique. Afterwards, the terminal -NH_2 group was introduced to the titanium surface by organosilane APTMS self-assembled monolayers and the functional group -NH_2 was further reacted with EDC/NHS by which RGD peptides was covalently immobilized to titanium. The efficiency of this bioreactive surface in promoting cell attachment and the competitive inhibition effect of RGD peptide with different concentrations were observed by calculating the amount of osteoblasts attached on the modified titanium. The growth and proliferation were observed by MTT method and scanning electronic microscopy. Results: The cell adhesion percentage of the RGD modified titanium group was much higher than that of the other groups. The RGD peptide solutions with higher concentration had stronger inhibitory impact on the cell adhesion onto the titanium surface. The cell growth, morphology and proliferation on the RGD peptide modified titanium were better than other groups. Conclusion: Bioadhesive peptide can be chemically grafted onto the titanium surface by means of self-assembled monolayers technique. The cells′ biological behaviors on the surface of RGD immobilized titanium are greatly improved in vitro.

Increasing numbers of edentulous patients and patients with dental defects are willing to accept implant restorations. However, the development of peri-implantitis is a major factor leading to implant failure. The worsening of peri-implantitis promotes the secretion of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and TNF-α and the gene expression of RANKL, inhibits the gene expression of OPG, and increases osteoclast activity, which promotes bone absorption indirectly and leads to a negative balance in bone metabolism. To gain knowledge about the relationship between peri-implantitis and NF-κB signaling pathways, this article summarizes related reports about peri-implantitis and NF-κB signaling pathways, explores the regulatory mechanism by which peri-implantitis affects bone metabolism and NF-κB signaling, discusses the effect of immunological cytokines on NF-κB signaling pathways when inflammation arises, and provides a theoretical foundation for peri-implantitis research and prevention.

Objective To evaluate the results of liver carcinoma treated by radiofrequency ablation(RFA) with color Doppler ultrasonography(CDU). Methods Hemodynamic changes of the interior and periphery of 212 nodules of liver carcinoma in 152 patients were investigated by CDU one week before and one month after RFA. Results Blood flow signals were found in 187 cancerous nodules before RFA, and were chiefly from mixed arterio-venous blood supply. After RFA, the blood flow signals of these 187 cancerous nodules completely disappeared in 133, were reduced in 40 and did not change in 14. Peripherar blood flow did not change in 51.2% of the tumors. Conclusions CDU is useful in evaluating the therapeutic effect of RFA in patients with liver carcinoma and may provide information for further treatment.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the feasibility of establishing transgenic mice by means of seminiferous tubule microinjection and electroporation (EP) in vivo.

METHODSSpecific pathogen-free (SPF) male Kunming mice divided into 4 groups were subjected to microinjection of two different transfection solutions labeled with enhance green fluorescent protein (EGFP) into the seminiferous tubule of the testis, and in one of the two groups receiving the identical transfection solutions, EP in vivo was performed. After two weeks, the male mice of each group were mated with SPF female Kunming mice with superovulation treatment, and PCR coupled with Southern blotting was performed for the offspring mice.

RESULTSThe results of PCR suggested significant difference in the efficiency of exogenous gene integration between the 4 groups (P<0.01), among which group A achieved the greatest efficiency (45%). Southern blotting did not identify significant difference between the 4 groups (P>0.05), but still suggested the highest efficiency in group A (25%).

CONCLUSIONSeminiferous tubule microinjection in conjunction with subsequent EP in vivo can remarkably enhance the integration efficiency of exogenous genes into the host genome, but this new method needs to be further tested for its potential utility in transgenic animal generation.

Animals ; Blotting, Southern ; Cell Line ; DNA ; administration & dosage ; genetics ; Electroporation ; methods ; Female ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Microinjections ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Seminiferous Tubules ; Transfection ; methods

Objective To explore the role of night waking in the cognitive development of infants and young toddlers. Method A total of 116 infants aged 2 to 30 months were randomly selected in Yiwu, Zhejiang from December 2011 to February 2013. Social-demographic factors were investigated through questionnaire;sleep information were collected via the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ);Cognitive development was assessed in all infants using Baley development scale. Results The mean age was 12.99 month-old. 50.86%(59/116) were males. Ocassional night waking was reported in 5.26%, one night waking in 29.82%, multiple night waking accounted in 64.91%of children under one year old. Ocassional night waking was reported in 32.20%, one night waking in 45.76%, multiple night waking in 22.03%of children over one year old. The frequency of night waking was signiifcantly different between children under one year old and children over one year old (P<0.01). The average duration of waking was 0.49±0.31 h in children under one year old, and 0.31±0.48 h in children older than one year old, and the difference was signiifcantly different (Z=4.35, P<0.001). In children over one year old, the more frequent night waking, the lowered MDI scores (F=3.98, P=0.024). The waking duration was negatively correlated with MDI scores in children over one year old (r=-0.26, P=0.035). Neither night waking duration nor night waking frequency had signiifcant correlation with MDI scores in children under one year old. Multivariable linear regression conifrmed that night waking was an independent inlfuential factor of MDI and PDI scores in children over one year old. Conclusions Persistent night waking should warrant attention.

Drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics (DMPK) are the science to study the process of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion. It is very important to evaluate the characteristics of DMPK for the early development of drugs and the later clinical precision medication. The innovative construction of DMPK models promotes the development and improvement of drug evaluation system. Based on our research results, this review summarized the latest progress and application of innovative DMPK models, focusing on the following two aspects: (1) CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing rat models, including Cyp2e1

Small intestine