Based on the development of clinical radiobiology and combined with teaching practice for recent years,we have preliminarily surveyed the teaching reform about this curriculum and proposed some advices about the clinical radiobiology teaching reform.

Objective To investigate the effects of thymosin ?1 on the proliferation of human umbilical veinssel endothelial cells(HUVECs) and synthesis of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF).Methods HUVECs(ECV-304) were cultured with the treatment of 100 ?l thymosin ?1 at 0,5 or 2.5 ?g/ml for 1 d in vitro.The proliferation of HUVECs were measured with MTT assay,cell cycle was tested with flow cytometry and the synthesis of VEGF was detected with Western blot analysis.Results Thymosinal promoted the proliferation of HUVECs,and the cells in S-phase was increased,and obviously promoted the synthesis of VEGF.Conclusion Thymosin ?1 promotes the proliferation of HUVECs and increases the synthesis of VEGF in HUVECs,and may have the effect of increasing the angiogenesis in the process of wound tissue.

Objective To establish radiation?resistant lung carcinoma cell lines, and to investigate the changes in morphology, apoptosis, invasive migration, and epithelial?mesenchymal transition ( EMT) in cells. Methods The radiation?resistant lung carcinoma cell lines were obtained by exposure of lung carcinoma cell lines, A549 and H1299, to radiation with a low dose in fractions, a sublethal dose, or a gradually increasing dose. The morphological changes in cells, radiosensitivity, survival rates after exposure, apoptosis rates, changes in invasive migration, and expression of EMT marker proteins were evaluated using microscopy, colony formation assay, CCK?8 assay, flow cytometry, transwell migration assay, and Western blot, respectively. Results Radiation with a gradually increasing dose successfully induced the radiation?resistant cell lines, A549R and H1299R. The morphological study showed that the morphology of radiation?resistant cells was converted to the morphology of mesenchymal cells. Compared with A549 and H1299 cells, the values of D0 , Dq , and SF2 were significantly increased in A549R ( P=0.017,P=0.001,P=0.000) and H1299R (P=0.033,P=0.000,P=0.008) cells, respectively;the values of α and α/β were significantly reduced in A549R (P=0.018;P=0.007) and H1299R (P=0.001;P=0.009) cells, respectively. The survival rates in A549R and H1299R cells after exposure to radiation with various doses were significantly higher than those in the control groups (all P<0.05). After exposure, the apoptosis rates were significantly reduced in A549R and H1299R cells ( P=0.02,P=0.01);the invasion and migration rates were significantly increased in A549R (P=0.000;P=0.001) and H1299R (P=0.001,P=0.002) cells;the expression of E?cadherin was significantly down?regulated in A549R and H1299R cells (P=0.00,P=0.01), while the expression of vimentin was significantly elevated in A549R and H1299R cells ( P= 0. 02, P= 0. 01 ) . Conclusions The radiation?resistant lung carcinoma cell lines are successfully established. Both cell lines show enhanced invasion and migration, which may be associated with EMT.

Objective To investigate the effect of liver kinase B1(LKB1) on the radiosensitivity of subcutaneous xenograft tumor of lung cancer H460 cells in nude mice.Methods Human lung cancer H460 cells were implanted into female nude mice (BALB/c-nu) to establish a subcutaneous xenograft tumor model of lung cancer.A total of 24 female nude mice in which the model was successfully established were equally and randomly divided into four groups:pEGFP-Ctrl plasmid (empty vector plasmid) group, irradiation (IR)+pEGFP-Ctrl plasmid group, pEGFP-LKB1 plasmid (overexpressing LKB1) group, and IR+pEGFP-LKB1 plasmid group.The growth of xenograft tumors was observed and the tumor inhibition rate and enhancement factor (EF) were calculated.The expression of LKB1 in each group was measured by immunohistochemistry and Western blot to analyze the relationship between LKB1 and radiosensitivity.Results Compared with the pEGFP-Ctrl plasmid group, the IR+pEGFP-Ctrl plasmid group, pEGFP-LKB1 plasmid group, and IR+pEGFP-LKB1 plasmid group showed varying degrees of inhibition of tumor growth, particularly in the IR+pEGFP-LKB1 plasmid group, and the tumor inhibition rates were 31.30%, 14.78%, and 43.48%, respectively.The EF of LKB1 in the IR+pEGFP-LKB1 plasmid group was 1.18.The immunohistochemistry and Western blot showed that LKB1 could be effectively expressed in the pEGFP-LKB1 plasmid group and IR+pEGFP-LKB1 plasmid group, but not in the other two groups.Conclusions The subcutaneous xenograft tumor model of human lung cancer H460 cells has been successfully established in nude mice.LKB1 has a radiosensitizing effect on the subcutaneous xenograft tumor of lung cancer H460 cells in nude mice.

Objective To investigate the impact of transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endo-scopic surgery(NOTES)-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy on female sexual function and quality of life . Methods This was a prospective study on the change of female sexual function and quality of life of female patients who underwent transvaginal NOTES-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy from May .2011 to Nov. 2012.A total of 42 cases were included in this study (28 of them with severe hydronephrosis , non-functio-ning kidney , 11 with pyelonephrosis , 1 with renal tuberculosis , 1 with duplex kidney complicated with hy-dronephrosis, and 1 with renal angiomyolipoma ).The mean age was 36.9±5.3 (26-45) years, and the mean body mass index was 21.7±2.6 (14.7 to 27.1) kg/m2.Twenty-four cases were operated on the left side, 18 cases on the right .The female sexual function and quality of life were assessed before and 4 months, 7 months and 1 year after surgery using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire and the MOS 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), respectively. Results The mean FSFI of 42 cases preoperatively and 4 months, 7 months and 1 yr postoperatively were 27.74 ±4.34, 27.19 ±4.49, 28.54±4.23, and 28.68 ±4.19, respectively.There was no statistically significant difference among them (F=1.111, P=0.346).Compared with that of preoperation , the physical function, vitality, metal health, body pain, and general health of the patients were improved , but the role-physical, role-emotion and social function were not improved at postoperative month 4 and month 7 (P<0.05).Each item of SF-36 was im-proved after postoperative 1 year ( P<0.05) . Conclusions Transvaginal NOTES-assisted laparoscopic ne-phrectomy does not cause negative effect on the female sexual function .The quality of life can be improved after operation .The physical function is improved at early stage , and the psychological function as well .

Objective:To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety between neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery and immediate surgery in the treatment of resectable and borderline resectable pancreatic cancer.Methods:Literature review was performed from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CBM, Wanfang, CNKI and VIP from the inception date to February, 2020 using the key words including "pancreatic neoplasm, pancreatic cancer, surgery, preoperative chemoradiotherapy, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy" in both English and Chinese. The randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery versus immediate surgery in the treatment of resectable and borderline resectable pancreatic cancer were searches. Literature screening, data extraction and estimation of the risk of bias were independently conducted by two researchers. The HR and 95% CI were used for estimating the overall survival time. The R 0 resection rate, overall incidence of postoperative complications, and mortality rate throughout treatment were assessed by the RR and 95% CI. The heterogeneity of the studies was analyzed using the I2 test. Results:A total of 4 RCTs were included. Among 400 patients, 197 cases were assigned into the neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy combined with surgery group and 203 in the immediate surgery group. The results of Meta-analysis showed that patients in the neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery group obtained longer overall survival ( HR=0.76, 95% CI: 0.60-0.97, P=0.03) and higher R 0 resection rate ( RR=1.72, 95% CI: 1.40-2.13, P<0.01). Besides, the overall incidence of postoperative complications ( RR=1.02, 95% CI: 0.73-1.43, P=0.90) and mortality rate throughout treatment ( RR=1.19, 95% CI: 0.48-2.93, P=0.71) did not significantly differ between two groups. Conclusions:During the treatment of resectable or borderline resectable pancreatic cancer, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery may bring more survival benefits than immediate surgery and does not increase the incidence of postoperative complications and mortality rate throughout treatment. Therefore, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery can be used as a recommended treatment for patients with resectable or borderline resectable pancreatic cancer.

treatment of LS-SCLC, two fractionation modes show similar short-term efficacy and survival benefits. However, hyperfractionated radiotherapy causes a higher incidence of radiation esophagitis than conventionally fractionated radiotherapy. Given that hyperfractionated radiotherapy is not superior to conventionally fractionated radiotherapy,conventionally fractionated radiotherapy is recommended for treating LS-SCLC.

Objective:To compare the efficacy and safety of adjuvant radiotherapy versus surgery alone in patients with stage pT 2-3N 0M 0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after radical resection. Methods:The search was conducted through Web of Science, Emabse, PubMed, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Chongqing VIP, China Biomedical Literature Database, and Wanfang database, etc. The search time was ranged from the establishment of the database to December 2022. Searched studies were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Review Manager 5.4 software was used for analysis.Results:Clinical data of 2 424 patients from 8 controlled clinical studies were finally included. Meta-analysis showed that postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy had higher 3-year and 5-year disease-free survival rates ( OR=2.33, 95%CI=1.71-3.17, P<0.001; OR=2.38, 95% CI=1.73-3.27, P<0.001) and 3-year and 5-year overall survival rates ( OR=1.89, 95% CI=1.37-2.60, P<0.01; OR=1.94,95% CI=1.50-2.49, P<0.001) than surgery alone. Meanwhile, the local recurrence rate ( OR=0.33, 95% CI=0.21-0.50, P<0.001) and distant metastasis rate ( OR=0.62, 95% CI=0.39-0.98, P=0.040) of postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy group were lower than those in the surgery alone group. The incidence of radiation esophagitis (1.4%-9.5%), radiation pneumonitis (2.1%) and anastomotic stenosis (5.3%) was reported. Conclusions:For patients with stage pT 2-3N 0M 0 squamous cell carcinoma after radical resection of esophageal cancer, adjuvant radiotherapy may improve 3-year and 5-year disease-free survival rates and 3-year and 5-year overall survival rates compared with surgery alone. In addition, adjuvant radiotherapy may reduce the local recurrence and distant metastasis rates. Therefore, postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy is an optional treatment for stage pT 2-3N 0M 0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents of Periploca forrestii.

METHODThe constituents were separate using such various column chromatographic techniques as silica gel, RP-18 silica gel, MCI and Sephadex LH-20. Their structures were identified by such methods as spectral analysis.

RESULTTen compounds were isolated and identified as periforgenin A-3-O-beta-digitoxopyranoside (1), beta-sitosterol (2), periforoside I (3), ursolic acid (4), periplogenin (5), periplocin (6), glycoside E (7), periplocoside M (8) , daucosterol (9), 2alpha, 3alpha, 23-trihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid (10).

CONCLUSIONCompound 1 was a new cardiac glycoside and compound 8 was reported for the first time from this plant.

Cardiotonic Agents ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Glycosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Periploca ; chemistry