Objective To observe the efficacy of Botulinum toxin type A(BTXA)injection in Meige's syndrome and facial wrinkles and exp lore the method of reducing the side e ffect of BTXAand weaken facial wrink les.Methods Ninety-nine patients were evaluate d on the therapeutic efficacy of single and multiple topical facial in-jection with BTXA.Results The effective rates of patients with blepharospasm were 98.4%,oromandi bular dystonia 90.9%,blepharospasm and o romandibular dystonia 95.8%,respectively.The therapeutic effect for each disease lasted(16.9?8.4)weeks?(12.6?5.4)weeks and(13.5?5.7)weeks,respectively.Facial wrinkl es of all patients has got weakened and seemed much smooth and flattend.The rec overy rate approached to 100%.The local side effects were transient an d mild,and disappeared spontaneously.Conclusions The treatment of Meige's syndrome and facial wrinkles with BTXA could produce a significant impro vement,and is safe.Strictly observ e the procedures of injection,and use adequate dose of BTXA,the side effects o f BTXA can be decreased.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of repeated botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) treatment for Meige's syndrome in senile people. Methods Forty-eight senile patients with Meige's syndrome received BTX-A treatment for twelve times or over. The improvements of spasm were evaluated before and after the first, the sixth and the twelfth treatment according to Cohen's criteria. The onset time, effective duration and side effects were studied and compared among the three times treatments. Results The obvious effective rate of the three times treatment were all 100%. The average onset time of the three times treatments were (3.5± 1.7)days,(3.2±1.8)days and (3.3±1.9)days, and the average effective duration were (25.4±2.1)weeks,(24.6±2.3)weeks and (25.4±1.8)weeks, respectively. The incidences of side effects were 8. 3% (4/48), 6.3(3/48)%and 8.3%(4/48), respectively. All the differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05). Conclusions Repeated BTX-A treatment is an effective and safe method for Meige's syndrome in senile people.

Objective To further observe the effect of botulinum toxin A(BTXA) treatment on hemifacial spasm(HFS) patients and to investigate the value of double stimulation of blink reflex(BR) before and after BTXA injection. Methods Among 134 cases of HFS treated by local injection of BTXA, the changes of BR in 42 cases was recorded before and after the injection. Results Of totally 134 treated cases, 60 (44 8%) cases were completely relieved and the rest 74 (55 2%) cases were obviously improved after treatment, with an effective duration of 16 5?5 7 weeks.In 42 patients with determination of BR value,before injection the latency of R 1, R 2, R' 2 of the affected side showed within normal limit.The interval of R 2 was shorter and the amplitudes of R 1,R 2,R' 2 were higher .After injection , the R 1 disappeared in 7 patients,and R 1,R 2,R' 2 all disappeared in 5 patients,for the rest 30 patients,the latency of R 1,R 2,R' 2 was prolonged slightly,but showing no apparent differences The amplitudes of R 1,R 2 and R' 2 were lowered significantly ( P

Objective To elucidate the relationship between a 936C/T mutation at 3'-untranslated region of human vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) gene and diabetic peripheral neuropathy ( DPN ). Methods All subjects recruited in this study were assigned into DM (n = 92, diabetes without neuropathy, retinopathy or nephropathy), DPN (n = 102, diabetes with peripheral neuropathy only ), and healthy control (n = 120 ) groups,respectively. The gene polymorphism was determined by PCR-RFLP, as well as the other clinical parameters including serum VEGF by ELISA. Results The frequencies of both genotype CC and allele C were significantly higher in DPN group than those in either DM group(x2 = 5.578 and 5.614, P＜0. 05 ) or control group (x2 = 9. 406 and 9. 677, P＜0. 05 ). However, the frequencies of genotype(CT+TT) and allele T were significantly lower in DPN group than that in either DM group(x2 =5.578 and 5.614, P＜0. 05) and control group (x2=9.406 and 9.677, P＜0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the levels of HbA1c, total cholesterol, low-density lipoproteincholesterol( LDL-C ), and serum VEGF positively correlated with DPN, while the 936C/T polymorphism of VEGF gene negatively correlated with DPN(β= -1. 046, OR=0. 457, P=0. 006, 95% CI: 0. 166-0. 741 ). Conclusions Allele 936C of VEGF gene may serve as a genetic marker susceptible to DPN, while allele 936T may be a protective genetic marker of DPN.

Objective To investigate the relationship between uncoupling protein 2 (UCP-2) gene promoter -866 G/A polymorphism and Chinese diabetic nephropathy (DN). Methods A total of 182 patients with type 2 diabetic mellitus were selected and divided into DN group (90 cases with DN ) and NCD group (92 cases without DN ). Genomic DNA was detected, and UCP-2 genotype and allele gene frequency was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction-restrictive fragment length polymorphism, then compared.Results The genotype frequency of UCP-2 gene promoter-866 G/A polymorphism was distributed in DN group[GG 14.44%( 13/90),GA 31.11%(28/90),AA 54.44%(49/90)],and distributed in NCD group[GG 29.35% ( 27/92 ), GA 32.61% ( 30/92 ), AA 38.04% ( 35/92 )], and there was significant difference between two groups ( χ2 = 7.28 , P ＜ 0.05 ). There was also significant difference in allele gene frequency between DN group and NCD group[G 45.65% (84/184) vs. 30.00% (54/180),A 54.35% (100/184) vs. 70.00% (126/180)]( χ2 = 9.47, P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusion There is correlation between the UCP-2 gene promoter-866 G/A polymorphism and Chinese DN, and the incidence of DN with A/A genotype is increased.

Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of ischemic stroke. As a new inflammation biomarker, lipoprotein-asso-ciated phospholipaseA2 (Lp-PLA2) is largely associated with the development of atherosclerosis and plaque vulnerability. It has been recognized that Lp-PLA2 plays crucial roles on assessing the risk stratification and recurrent risk of is-chemic stroke, and may be a unique prediction factor. This review is going to summarize the relevant data about the biochemical characteristics of Lp-PLA2, the action of Lp-PLA2 on atherosclerosis and the association with carotid atherosclerotic and ischemic stroke.

Objective The bispectral index (BIS) was introduced into the sedation strategy of critical patients in intensive care unit (ICU) and replaced the Richmond agitation sedation scale (RASS).The ventilation time,ICU length of stay,and 90-day mortality were compared between the two groups of patients who performed early goal-directed sedation (EGDS) or standard traditional directed sedation (STDS) strategies.Methods A prospective controlled study of severe patients with mechanical ventilation ≥48 h in ICU (20 cases from April 2016 to May 2017,46 cases from June 2017 to April 2018) were randomly divided into EGDS or STDS group.There were no significant differences in age,gender,and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation score Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) score between the two groups in the two periods.The correlation between RASS and BIS was analyzed in the first period.The BIS of the patients in a RASS range of (-2-1) was 73.65 ± 7.87 in the EGDS group,and that of RASS range of (-3--1) was 64.14 ± 7.25 in the STDS group.The above BIS was applied to the two sedation strategies in the second period respectively.The ventilation time,ICU length of stay,and 90-day mortality were recorded.Results There was no significant difference in the ventilation time between the two groups [(164.12 ± 137.96) h and (155.33 ±64.86)h,P =0.08].ICU length of stay of the EGDS group was longer than that of the STDS group.The 90-day mortality of the EGDS group was higher than that of the STDS group.Conclusions Correlations between RASS and BIS were found in this study,and BIS can be used for sedation assessment in ICU patients.Large sample study is still needed to compare EGDS and STDS with BIS.

Objective:To explore the effects of apatinib on the proliferation and apoptosis of FLT3-ITD mutant acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells, and to explore the related mechanisms.Methods:The logarithmic growth phase FLT3-ITD mutant AML cell lines MV4-11 and MOLM-13 were treated with different concentration of apatinib for 48 hours. The cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 method. Flow cytometry was performed to examine the effect of apatinib on apoptosis. The cell mitochondrial membrane potential changes were detected by JC-1. Then the expression changes of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) pathway-related proteins were examined by Western blot.Results:Apatinib had proliferation inhibitory effects on both MV4-11 and MOLM-13 cells, and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50) at 48 hours was (2.23±0.42) μmol/L and (4.08±2.62) μmol/L, respectively. After exposure to apatinib with increasing concentrations (10, 20, 30, and 40 μmol/L) for 48 h hours, the percentage of apoptotic cells was significantly increased in MV4-11 cells [(81.95±1.15)%, (88.80±0.23)%, (97.46±0.49)%, and (99.29±0.05)%] and MOLM13 cells [(47.30±0.87)%, (67.00±3.71)%, (82.60±2.89)%, and (98.06±5.34)%] in a dose-dependent manner, and the differences were statistically significant ( F = 6 915.0, P < 0.01; F = 5 385.0, P < 0.01). Detection of mitochondrial membrane potential by JC-1 method showed that after MV4-11 and MOLM-13 cells were treated by 10, 20, 30, and 40 μmol/L apatinib for 24 hours, the JC-1 aggregate/monomer mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) ratios were 0.45±0.06, 0.19±0.07, 0.12±0.03, 0.09±0.01, and 0.84±0.05, 0.66±0.13, 0.35±0.11, 0.27±0.02, which were different from the control group (0.67±0.15 and 0.97±0.42), and the differences were statistically significant ( F = 372.3, P < 0.05; F = 276.4, P < 0.05). Western blot was performed to detect different concentration of apatinib (2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 μmol/L) on the MV4-11 cells for 24 hours, the results showed that apatinib could down-regulate the phosphorylation of VEGFR2, Src and Stat3 in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusions:Apatinib can inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in AML with FLT3-ITD mutation. The possible mechanism is related to the down-regulation of phosphorylation of VEGFR2 and its downstream targets Src and Stat3.

Objective: To investigate the expression of myocyte enhancer factor 2B (MEF2B) in mantle cell lymphomas (MCL), and to analyze the correlation between the expression of MEF2B and pathological subtypes, structural subtypes, SOX11 expression and its clinical significance. Methods: Paraffin-embedded tissues were stained with HE, immunohistochemistry (EnVision method) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) , in addition, the clinical and pathological data of 60 cases of MCL were collected at Sun Yat-sen University Foshan Hospital and Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from January,2002 to May, 2019 for analysis. Results: Of the 60 MCLs, males is predominant (M∶F=3∶1). Histologically, the typical MCL is the majority (classical MCL: variant type MCL=48 cases:12 cases) . Fifty cases were classified into non-complete FDC meshwork type MCL, and the remaining 10 cases were classified into the complete-FDC meshwork type MCL group. Patients with classical MCL were more than 60 years old. The coexistent lesion sites both node and extranode in pathological subtype or structural subtype was the most common lesion sites. SOX11(+) MCL was common in classical MCL (P=0.040) and tended to be complete-FDC meshwork type MCL (P=0.086). The expression rate of MEF2B in MCL was 60.0%(36/60). This rate of MEF2B in classical type, complete-FDC meshwork type and SOX11(+) MCL was significantly higher than that variant type, no complete-FDC meshwork type, SOX11(-)MCL (P<0.05), respectively. There was no difference in clinical characteristics of MCL between MEF2B positive and negative groups. Compared with SOX11(-)MCL, the percentage of MEF2B expressed in tumor cells of SOX11(+)MCL was significantly higher (P=0.027). The expression of MEF2B was not related to the proliferation of tumor cells (P=0.341). There was no significant difference in the survival rate between different expression groups of MEF2B and SOX11 (P=0.304 and P=0.819, respectively). Only the mortality of variant type (blastoid/pleomorphic) MCL within 2 years was significantly higher than that of classical type MCL (P<0.05). Conclusions The expression of MEF2B in MCL is related to the pathological subtypes, structural subtypes and the expression of SOX11, but not to the proliferation and prognosis. The high mortality rate within 2 years is only found in variant MCL. However, the role of MEF2B in MCL needs to be further studied.