Medicine is a comprehensive discipline.Under the new situation,medical students are required to have integral knowledge and whole view.This article aims at evaluating the necessity of diagnosis and discusses the defects,causes and strategy in this respect.

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the disposal of essential oil in the preparation process of solid preparations containing Ligusticum chuanxiong and Angelica dahurica.METHODS:Based on pertinent literature in recent years,the disposal of essential oil in the preparation process of solid preparations containing Ligusticum chuanxiong and Angelica dahurica was discussed from aspects of chemical components,pharmacology and extraction process etc.RESULTS & CONCLUSION:It is necessary to combine research on preparation process with the pharmacological effect and pharmacodynamic action,and to formulate effective measures to control quality of the essential oil during the whole preparation process to facilitate a solution for the disposal of essential oil.

Teachers'quality is an essential factor to improve teaching,and nowadays,lack of medical English teachers has become a serious problem many medical colleges have to deal with in our country. While designing the cours "eMedical English Watching,Listening and Speaking" ,English teachers,relying on their advantages of oral communication in English,can learn more basic medical theories and knowledge,and can gradually be trained as qualified medical English teachers after several years'teaching practice.

Objective:To investigate the family history of congenital heart disease (CHD) in Chogqing for studying the genetic relation of CHD families. Methods:The materials were collected from the population survey about families with more than one members being CHD patients. Map pedigrees for high-risk families were made. The probands and the first and second grade relatives were asked to fill in questionnaires and the high-risk families were analyzed. Results:In the survey of 4387 families, there were 21 high-risk families in which the disease types of the relative patients were inconsistent with those of the probands, the coincidence being 33.33%(7/121).The incidence rates of the first and second grade relatives were 16.49%(16/78),1.89%(5/265) respectively and their difference was significant ( ? 2=27.73, P

BACKGROUND:Maxilary posterior tooth defects can be repaired using the dental implant. However, implantation accuracy is not ensured by traditional plaster models used as implant template, which leads to the incidence of complications,andaffectsthe repair effects.
OBJECTIVE:To study application effects of surgical guide plates designed using the computer aided design (CAD)/computer aided manufacturing (CAM) technology for the repair of maxilary posterior tooth defects.
METHODS:Implant treatment was performed in 30 patients with maxilary posterior tooth defects. Surgical guide plate was made using the CAD/CAM technology after CT scan of the jaw bone. The repair was conducted with guideplateassistant. The deviation between the virtual and actual implant position was measured after implantation. The clinical repair effects and periodontal tissues were observed during the 12-month folow-up.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Thirty-sixCAD/CAM surgical guide plates in 30 patients werestabilized after implantation. Thirty-six implants were emplaced precisely with the assist of the surgical guide plates. There was no any problem during the process of implantation. The deviation of the head between the virtual and actual implant position was very smal, which did not affect the accuracy of implant placement. Before and 6 and 12 months after the repair, gingival crevicular fluid, tumor necrosis factor-α, and sulcus bleeding index were not obviously changed in the patients. Our results suggest that the implant head deviation and angle deviation appearduring the repair process of maxilary posterior tooth defects using CAD/CAM surgical guide for dental implants;however, the implantation accuracy is not affected. The repair effect is ideal and periodontal tissue is in good status after implantation.

BACKGROUND:Targis/composite fiber is a new type of non-metalic repair material that has good hardness and strength, but it is rarely reported on its application in the repair of young permanent tooth defects.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the clinical effect of Targis/composite fiber in repairing young permanent tooth defects.
METHODS:Sixty cases of young permanent teeth defects 10-17 years of age were enroled, including 27 males and 33 females. Al cases were subjected to Targis/composite fiber repairing. After 36 months of folow-up, alkaline phosphatase level, probing depth, gingival sulcus bleeding index, tooth mobility, plaque index, gingival crevicular fluid volume and aspartate aminotransferase level in patients were detected; the integrity and edge of dental prosthesis and the color matching.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After 36 months, the alkaline phosphatase level in the patients had no significant changes (P> 0.05), but the probing depth, gingival sulcus bleeding index, tooth mobility, plaque index, gingival crevicular fluid volume and aspartate aminot ransferase level were decreased significantly compared with those before repair (P< 0.05). Additionaly, there were two cases of incomplete dental prosthesis, six of color mismatching, andtwo of unsealed prosthesis edge. These findings indicate that the Targis/composite fiber for repairing young permanent tooth defects has good histocom patibility maintains periodontal health in good condition, is a kind of ideal repair materials.

BACKGROUND:Dental implantation in maxilary esthetic zone is difficult to achieve desired outcomes.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the feasibility of digital rapid prototyping implant template for anterior implantation.
METHODS: Eighty patients scheduled to receive anterior implant treatment were enroled. According to the wishes of patients, they were divided into two groups, with 40 cases in each group, and were given routine implant treatment (control group) and digital rapid prototyping template-aided dental restoration (observation group). After implantation, the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis errors of the two groups were measured, and the patients were folowed up for 12 months.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After implantation, the errors of X, Y and Z axes in the observation group was significantly lower than those in the control group (P< 0.05); at 24 hours after implantation, patients in the two groups showed good appearance of the anterior tooth with no dental prosthesis loosing. Imaging examinations in the two groups showed no obvious bone resorption. These findings indicate that the aid therapy using digital rapid prototyping can obtain satisfactory therapeutic effect on anterior tooth restoration in the maxilary esthetic zone and precisely localize the dental implantation site.

BACKGROUND:To establish the real body’s artery model has its own limitations due to the diversity of different individual differences in the carotid artery and blood flow.
OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of different inlet velocity profiles of the common carotid artery and three different flow ratios of internal and external carotid artery on hemodynamics of the carotid artery.
METHODS:The carotid bifurcation TF-AHCB numerical model was established. Commercial software ANSYS was used to compute the flow field and calculate hematodynamic parameters, including velocity and wal shear stress. Then, their relationship with atherosclerosis was analyzed from different angles.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Flow ratio of internal and external carotid artery significantly influences the flow field of the simulated bifurcation of the carotid artery. Changes in the magnitude of inlet velocity cannot only alter the hematodynamic properties, but also change the range of mechanical mechanism.

Dry eye is the most common ocular surface diseases encountered in the clinic.At present,a system for dry eye diagnosis and treatment has initially been formed in China,but there are still many clinical issues need to be resolved.It is important to improve the definition of dry eye and construct a more rational classification system;pay attention to the epidemiological investigation of dry eye;standardize diagnostic procedures for dry eye;establish the dry eye diagnostic criteria and the correct treatment concept.We propose to develop the clinical guidelines on dry eye classification,diagnostic criteria and treatment principles.

Objective To investigate the effect of tirofiban hydrochloride in the treatment of coronary heart disease and its influence on homocysteine level.Methods 92 patients with coronary heart disease were selected as research subjects.They were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group,46 cases in each group.The control group was treated with anti-thrombotic,nitrates and other conventional western medicine.The observation group was treated with tirofiban hydrochloride based on the conventional treatment.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 95.65%,which was higher than 82.61% of the control group,the difference was significant (χ2=4.039,P<0.05).And the homocysteine level in the observation group was (5.38±1.02)μmol/L,which was lower than (7.27±1.19)μmol/L in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (t=8.179,P<0.01).After treatment,the cardiac function CO level[(4.96±0.98)L/min],EF level[(62.48±11.16)%]and SV level[(86.37±11.47)mL]in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant (t=2.271,2.954,2.911,all P<0.05).After treatment,the hs-CRP level[(4.25±1.32)mg/L]and Fib level[(3.14±0.73)g/L] in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant (t=7.981,3.174,all P<0.01).ConclusionTirofiban hydrochloride in the treatment of coronary heart disease can effectively contribute to the reduction of homocysteine levels and alleviate atherosclerosis lesion progression,not only can reduce severity of myocardial ischemia and fibrinogen and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels,but also can reduce the thrombosis and inflammation produced by the degree of harm to the patients.