Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of escitalopram in the treatment of chronic subjec-tive dizziness ( CSD) . Methods A total of 90 CSD patients randomly divided into medication group ( n=32) ,vestibular reha-bilitation group (n=27) and psychological intervention group (n=31).Patients in the medication group treated with escitalopram (10-20 mg?d-1,PO),those in the vestibular rehabilitation group were underwent vestibular rehabilitation training and those in the psychological intervention group were given cognitive behavioral therapy. The treatment course lasted six weeks. All patients were evaluated by zDHI,HAMA and HAMD before and after the treatments. Results The total scores of HAMA,HAMD,DHI and the respective factor scores of DHI were significantly decreased in each group after 6-week treatment when compared with those before the treatment (P<0.01).The total scores of DHI was (30.45±15.84) in medication group and (36.15±13.07) in vestibular rehabilitation group,the physical factor score was (10.06±4.49) in medication group and (10.23±4.64) in vestibular rehabilitation group,and the functional factor score was (10.71±5.95) in medication group and (11.23±5.03) in vestibular reha-bilitation group,respectively.There were no significant differences in the three indices between medication group and vestibular re-habilitation group.But they were significantly lower than those in psychological intervention group [(43.86±12.48),(14.43± 4.37),and (17.57±4.37) for total scores of DHI,physical factor scores and functional factor scores,respectively] (P<0.05,or P<0.01).The emotional factor scores of DHI were (9.68±5.68) and (11.86±4.74),HAMA scores (9.97±4.72) and (12.18± 4.16),HAMD scores (10.26±4.91) and (12.32±4.53) in medication group and psychological intervention group(P>0.05),re-spectively.They were significantly lower in the two groups than in vestibular rehabilitation group [ (14.69±4.76),(14.96±4.77) and (14.88±4.65) for the emotional factor score,HAMA score and HAMD score,respectively,P<0.05 for all]. Conclusion Escitalopram can improve the symptoms of CSD involving the body,emotion and function.The vestibular rehabilitation training and cognitive behavioral therapy have their respective advantages.

Objective To explore the combination effect of unmethylated cytosine-phosphate-guanine oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG ODN) 1826 and X-rays on Lewis lung cancer in mouse and the dose response of CpG ODN.Methods The tumor-bearing mouse model was established by injecting Lewis lung cancer cells into the right infra-axillary dermis of mouse.Sixty-four C57BL /6 J mice were evenly randomized into eight groups with 8 mice each:control group,IR group,CpG OND1826 0.15 mg group,CpG OND1826 0.3 mg group,CpG OND1826 0.45 mg group,CpG OND1826 0.15 mg + IR group,CpG OND1826 0.30 mg+ IR group,and CpG OND1826 0.45 mg + IR group.On the 1st,2nd,and 9th days,CpG ODN was injected into mouse.After 3 hours of injection,the mice were start to irradiate with X-rays once a day on the 2nd-6th days,and the total dose was 12.50 Gy.Tumor growth and TGD were measured,and the apoptosis of tumor cells were examined with TUNEL.Results The Lewis lung cancer-bearing model was successfully established in all mice.Under the treatments of CpG OND1826 and irradiation,the tumor volumes were smaller than that of control group,and the tumor volumes of CpG OND1826 0.45 mg+IR group was the smallest.TUNEL results revealed that the apoptosis rate were (2.40 ± 0.51 )％ in control group,(5.62 ±0.50)％ in IR,(7.13±0.83)％ in CpG OND1826 0.15 mg,(11.63±1.06)％ in CpG OND1826 0.3 mg,(19.13 ±0.83)％ in CpG OND1826 0.45 rag,( 12.88±0.83)％ in CpG OND1826 0.15 mg+ IR,(20.57±2.37)％ in CpG OND1826 0.3 mg+ IR,and (28.17 ±3.31)％ in CpG OND1826 0.45 mg + IR group,and thus the apoptosis rate of every therapy group was higher than that in control ( t=11.15,7.91,17.82,39.48,24.73,16.61 and 17.05,P＜0.05).The apoptosis rates of CpG ODN1826 plus X-ray irradiation group were significantly higher than those in IR alone ( t =13.78,15.08 and 17.47,P＜0.05 ) or CpG ODN group (t=18.53,9.66and7.51,P＜0.05).Conclusions CpG ODN1826 can dramatically increase the efficiency of radiotherapy by inhibiting tumor growth and promoting lumor apoptosis.

Phagocytic capacities of both dendritic cells (DC) and macrophages(M?) in the DC-enriched fractions isolated from rat spleen were comparatively observed under electron microscope. Experiments were divided into two groups: in vitro and in vivo. In group 1, candida albicans(CA), cock red blood cells (CRBC) and CRBC opsonized with rat antiserum against CRBC (OCRBC) used as phagocytic markers were incubated with the DC-enriched fractions for 1h at 37℃ separately in vitro. In group 2, colloidal carbon (CC) (india ink) and heat killed Candida albicans (HKCA) were injected in vivo. The animals were sacrificed 18h later and DC-enriched fractions were isolated from the spleens. The results are as follow: generally, in the cytoplasm of DC, no phagocytic markers were identified except a few of DC ingested a small amount of CC in vivo and few CA occationally in vitro, while M? under the same conditions, ingested a lot of the substances mentioned above. It indicates that spleen M? phagocytose actively either to immunogenic or non-immunogenic, opsonized or non-opsonized particles (especially to opsonized particles), while DC in the same preparations are not.

Methyl valerate (MVA) pathway is one of the important ways for synthesis of terpenoids. This study was based on data of the transcriptome sequencing of Magnolia officinalis, the associated genes MoACOT, MoHMGS, MoHMGR, MoMK in methyl valerate (MVA) pathway, were completed in detail by using bioinformatics methods. The results of analysis showed that MoACOT and MoMK were stable hydrophobic proteins, MoHMGS and MoHMGR were unstable hydrophobic protein. The secondary structures of all proteins were hybrid architecture,and alpha helical were the major motifs. There were no clear transmembrane domains in MoACOT, MoHMGS and MoMK, but two transmembrane domains were founded in MoHMGR which were from 39-61 aa and 82-104 aa resepectively. The results of evolutionary relationship analysis showed that MoACOT, MoHMGS, MoHMGR and MoMK had relative close relationship to angiosperm or dicotyledonous plants, and accorded with genetic evolution rule. From transcriptome data, transcripted level of MoACOT, MoHMGS, MoHMGR, MoMK in M. officinalis and M. officinalis var. biloba was not significantly different. The result provided theoretical reference for study on Methyl valerate (MVA) pathway of terpenoid of M. officinalis.
Computational Biology ; Genes, Plant ; Magnolia ; genetics ; metabolism ; Phylogeny ; Terpenes ; metabolism

Twenty-three histone methyltransferase genes were obtained from transcriptome dataset of Lonicera japonica. The nucleotide and proteins characteristics, subcellular localization, senior structural domains and conservative forecasting were analyzed. The result of phylogenetic tree showed that 23 histone methyltransferases were mainly divided into two groups: lysine methyltransferase and arginine methyltransferases. The result of gene expression showed that 23 histone methyltransferases showed preference in terms of interspecies and organs. They were more expressed in buds of L. japonica than in L. japonica var. chinensis and lower in leaves of L. japonica than in L. japonica var. chinensis. Eight genes were specific expressed in flower. These results provided basis for further understanding the function of histone methyltransferase and epigenetic regulation of active ingredients of L. japonica.
Computational Biology ; Gene Expression ; Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase ; genetics ; Lonicera ; enzymology ; genetics ; Phylogeny

The transcriptome represents the whole complement of RNA transcripts in cells or tissues and reflects the expressed genes at various life stages, tissue types, physiological states, and environmental conditions. Transcriptomics study concerning medicinal plants has become the most active area in medicinal plant genome research. Transcriptome analysis provides a comprehensive understanding of gene expression and its regulation. The study of its transcriptome has great significance in solving the questions of genetic evolution, genetic breeding, ecology and so on. Here we report the application status of transcriptomics in medicinal plants based on emergence, development and methodology of transcriptomics.
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Gene Regulatory Networks ; Plants, Medicinal ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, RNA ; Transcriptome

Objective To investigate the possibility of chloroquine radiosensitization of esophageal cancer cell line TE-1 and its further mechanism.Methods Effect of chloroquine on cell viability of TE-1 cells was determined by MTT method.Expression of LC3,Beclin-1 and formation of acidic vesicular organelles (AVOs) were determined by Western blot,and fluorescence staining with Lyso-Tracker Red DND-99,respectively.Clonogenic survival of TE-1 cells was examined by clonogenic forming assay.Results Chloroquine showed dose-dependent inhibition of TE-1 cell growth,and its values of IC50 and IC10 were (72.33 ± 5.28) and (15.42 ± 3.33) μmol/L,respectively.The expression of Beclin-1 and LC3-Ⅱ/Ⅰ markedly increased in irradiated TE-1 cells.The addition of chloroquine with IC10concentration significantly reduced the fluorescence and intensity of AVOs accumulation in the cytoplasm of TE-1 cells.Clonogenic survival fraction decreased obviously,in TE-1 cells with addition of chloroquine after radiation and the value of SERD0 was 1.439.Conclusions Chloroquine could radiosensitize esophageal cancer cells by blocking autophagy-lysosomal pathway and be used as a potential radiosensitizing strategy.

Objective To understand the status of knowledge awareness rates and influencing factors of clonorchiasis among the residents in 4 counties(cities)of Hunan Province,so as to provide the references for formulating the prevention and control strategy of clonorchiasis in the province. Methods A total of 1224 subjects were selected by the multi-stage cluster sampling method and investigated with questionnaires and face-to-face interviews. Results The clonorchiasis knowledge awareness rates of the residents were 15.67% in Yongzhou City,9.94% in Yueyang City,13.25% in Wangcheng County,and 21.96% in Tongd-ao County,respectively. In the whole province,the clonorchiasis knowledge awareness rates of the residents were 44.67%, 56.43%,60.95%,and 42.46% in the etiology,clinical manifestations,epidemiological characteristics and daily prevention,re-spectively. The logistic regression showed that the influencing factors of clonorchiasis knowledge awareness rates were the daily dining place,whether or not having the medical personnel in the family,the degree of attention to the relevant news reports, and the history of parasitic diseases. Conclusions The level of clonorchiasis than that in other areas,but the overall level of clonorchiasis knowledge awareness of the residents in Hunan Province is not high. Therefore,the relevant authority should strengthen the health education in clonorchiasis prevention knowledge including personal daily food hygienic knowledge. knowl-edge awareness rate of the residents in the west-southern areas of Hunan Province is higher

Objective To systematically compare the efficacy of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) versus intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in the treatment of prostate cancer (PCa).Methods Clinical comparative studies of IMRT and 3D-CRT in the treatment of PCa were collected from PubMed, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang Data after two independent researchers developed the strategy and inclusion and exclusion criteria for the literature search.Articles published up to February 2017 were searched for, and the languages of publications were restricted to English and Chinese.Clinical meta-analysis of the data from the relevant studies was performed using the RevMan5.3 software.Results A total of 15 relevant retrospective cohort studies were collected from the databases in strict accordance to the search strategy and inclusion and excluding criteria.There were 4608 PCa patients, including 2229 in the IMRT group and 2379 in the 3D-CRT group.IMRT and 3D-CRT had similar adverse effects in terms of early-stage (odds ratio[OR]=0.77, 95% confidence interval[CI]:0.43-1.40, P=0.390) and late-stage (OR=0.75, 95%CI:0.55-1.04, P=0.080) urinary tract injury.However, IMRT led to reduced early-stage (OR=0.47, 95%CI:0.27-0.82, P=0.008) and late-stage (OR=0.52, 95%CI:0.35-0.78, P=0.001) intestinal injury compared with 3D-CRT.Meanwhile, the biochemical recurrence-free survival rate was also significantly higher in the IMRT group than in the 3D-CRT group (OR=1.87, 95%CI:1.51-2.32, P=0.000).Conclusions IMRT is more protective against intestinal injury with a higher biochemical recurrence-free survival rate compared with 3D-CRT during the treatment of PCa.

Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of acidic conditions on epithelial mesenchymal transition(EMT) of HepG2 cells.Methods HepG2 cells were cultured under acidic and alkaline conditions to observe the difference of cell morphology.Wound healing assays were performed to detect the migration ability of the two groups.Matrigel invasion assays were used to detect the invasive ability of the cells.The expression of EMT-related genes at mRNA level was detected by RT-PCR.The expression level of EMT-related gene protein was detected by Western blot.Results The morphology of HepG2 cells was changed from epithelium to interstitial type under acid conditions.The migration ability of HepG2 cells under acidic condition was stronger than that of alkaline conditions.The number of HepG2 cells crossing Matrigel was higher than that of alkaline condition.The mRNA expression of Vimentin,Slug,Snail and Zeb1 related to EMT and the protein expression of Vimentin and MMP9 related to EMT in HepG2 cells were significantly higher than those under alkaline condition.Conclusion The acid conditions can induce the occurrence of EMT in HepG2 cells.