Objective To investigate the effects of different growth factors to perfused kidney in vitro at room temperature. Methods 25 New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups, Each group had 5 rabbits. Perfusion was carried out in vitro on rabbits′ kidney with different culture media containing hepatocellular growth factor(HGF) in high or low dosage, epidermal growth factor(EGF) in high or low dosage, and growth factors-free. On the 65th hour after perfusion, lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) activity, the concentration of sodium and potassium in kidney vein effluent and ?-N-acetyl amino glucosaminidase in urine (NAG) activity in each group were respectively detected to observe the renal function. Renal histological changes under light microscope and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) of renal tissue were also examined to observe the renal morphological changes and the lesion degrees of renal tissue. Results The preservation effect of the culture media containing HGF in high dosage was the best among all 5 groups. In this group, LDH activity, the concentration of potassium in kidney vein effluent and NAG activity in urine were significantly lower than that of other 4 groups; the concentration of sodium of kidney vein effluent was notably higher than any other group. Renal histological changes under light microscope and PCNA stain of renal tissue showed that the renal morphological damage and the lesion of renal tissue were lighter than any other group. Conclusion HGF in high dosage could markedly improve the effect of perfusion preservation and protect the function and morphology structure of perfused rabbits′ kidneys better.

Objective To establish a method for determination of oleanolic acid in Cortex Aralia Elatae by HPLC.Methods The determination was carried out with Kromasil C18 column(250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m),using acetonitrile-water-phosphoric acid(80∶20∶0.42) as the mobile phase and detected at the wavelength of 208 nm.Results Oleanolic acid showed a good linear relationship at the range of 1.164～5.820 ?g,r=0.999 9.The average recovery was 99.70% and RSD was 1.76%(n =5).Conclusion The method was simple and accurate with good reproducibility,and can be used to determine the content of oleanolic acid in Cortex Aralia Elatae.

General anesthetics were widely used in ophthalmology surgical and other surgical anesthesia, sedation and animal experiments. The current study found that anesthesia drugs such as ketamine, sevoflurane and propofol had a great influence on eyes. Elevated intraocular pressure was a risk factor for glaucoma occurrence and progress and it can change the intraocular structure, and damage the visual function. So in this paper, the effects of several kinds of general anesthetics commonly used were systematically described, in order to hold the attention of the clinicians and the researchers.

Objective To analyze the diffusion properties of acute cerebral stroke to understand the effects of infarct and hematoma on diffusion-weighted MR images of patients with acute cerebral stroke. Methods 25 acute cerebral infarcts, 22 intracranial hematomas and 5 hemorrhagic infarctions were studied with CT, conventional and diffusion MR imaging. The DWI and ADC parameters of acute cerebral stroke were analyzed. Results The DWI images of 25 acute cerebral infarcts, 1 hyperacute hematoma, 2 acute hematomas and 3 subacute hematomas were hyperintensity, and that of 8 early subacute hematomas were hypointensity. The DWI images of early stage of 4 chronic hematomas were hyperintensity at center and hypointensity at periphery, and that of late stage were hypointensity. The DWI images of acute hemorrhagic infarctions had both the hyperintensity and hypointensity. Meanwhile, the ADC images of majority of the lesions were hypointensity. Conclusion DWI could reflect the diffusion properties of different types of cerebral strokes and play an important role in evaluating the strokes.

Chinese medicine (CM) develops with the survival, reproduction, growth, and progressing of the Chinese nation. Scientific technologies not only promote continual progressing of human societies, but also provide new ideas and methods for the development of CM. In recent years, great changes have taken place in CM complying with developing modern scientific technologies, mainly manifested in the depth of CM theories at molecular levels, the combination of syndrome differentiation and disease identification, continuous innovation and development of clinical diagnosis and treatment techniques, diversified dosages of Chinese materia medica, the academic tendency of education patterns, occupational refinement, diversified medical practice modes, and so on.
Humans ; Industrial Development ; Materia Medica ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; trends ; Reproduction

Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the WHO gradeⅣmalignancies, which is an acentral nervous system cancer with poor prognosis unless the lesion is in the brain stem. The incidence of GBM accounts for 80%of human primary malignant tumors in brain. Only 5%GBM can survive up to 5-years. Many researches showed that Sox2 is a pluripotent regulator, and muta?tion or abnormal function of Sox2 are closely related to the development of GBM. There are studies demonstrated the possibil?ity of using Sox2 gene as apotential target for GBM therapy. This paper reviewed recent progress in GBM.

As an internal environment of tumor occurrence, tumor microenvironment is composed of a variety of cells and extracellular matrix, and plays a crucial role in tumor formation, transfer and resistance to drugs. The regulation of tumor microenvironment will be a potential target to control the cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a kind of 21 to 25 nucleotides single-stranded RNA, and are mainly involved in regulating gene expression. Recently, with the suggestion of cellular auton-omous tumor inhibition mechanism, the regulation of tumor microenvironment by miRNAs has received great attention. This review summarizes recent findings on the non-cell-autonomous mechanisms of miRNAs-mediated regulation of tumor micro-environments, which provides foundations and perspective on the design of therapeutic interventions.

Objective To understand the drinking water quality in the rural areas in Jiading, Shanghai. Methods In September, 2006, the drinking water samples from water plants and tap water were collected, then the water quality was analyzed and assessed according to the related standards and regulations. Results 84.56% of the rural population drank the surface water, 15.44% drank the ground water. Among 99.85% of the centralized water supply systems, the drinking water (surface water) was treated; among 0.15%, the drinking water (ground water) was only treated by decreasing iron and manganese. Source water and treated water quality had been greatly improved. Conclusion Intensive management of drinking water is very important to ensure the drinking water quality in the rural areas.

The pharmaceuticals have been playing an important role in insuring human health and stockbreeding for decades. However incompletely absorbed pharmaceuticals will find their way into the wastewater in their original structure or metabolites. The ineffective operation of wastewater-treatment plants makes it possible that the widespread appearance of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment. The pharmaceuticals become the kind of "persistent" pollutants in the aquatic environment since they have been widely and continually used in daily life although their half-lives are relatively short. Their occurrences threaten the aquatic ecological safety and human’s health. In recent years, European and North American countries have focused on the research of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment, while the related reports are scarce in China. This article comprehensively analyzed and discussed the effects of pharmaceuticals pollution in the aquatic environment on aquatic organism and human health. It will present an important reference for future related research as well as establishing ecological risk assessment of pharmaceuticals in aquatic environment in China.

Objective To develop a satisfactory and reliable method for simultaneous determination of seven cephalosporin antibiotics (cefadroxil,cephalexin,cefoperazone,cefuroxime,cefradine,ceftazidime and cefotaxime) in water samples using solidphase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography.Methods The detection and reference wavelengths were 254 and 270 nm,respectively.The analytes were separated within 20 min by a gradient elution program.The optimized pretreatment of water samples was as following:using hydrophilic-lipophilic balance HLB as SPE cartridges,adjusting pH to 3 and adding 3.0 g NaCl per 500 ml water sample.Results The linear range of the method was 0.05-5.00 mg/L for ceftazidime,cefotaxime and cefuroxime,0.10-10.00 mg/L for cefadroxil,cephalexin and cefradine,and 0.20-20.00mg/L for cefoperazone.The coefficients for the analytes were above 0.99 and the limits of determination were 0.05-0.39 ?g/L.The recoveries of seven cephalosporin antibiotics in purified water were 86.64%-105.28%,and its relative standard deviation were 2.61%-11.64%.Conclusion The method was sensitive,accurate and repeatable,it is applicable to the determination of the cephalosporin antibiotics in waters.