Objective To establish a method for determination of oleanolic acid in Cortex Aralia Elatae by HPLC.Methods The determination was carried out with Kromasil C18 column(250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m),using acetonitrile-water-phosphoric acid(80∶20∶0.42) as the mobile phase and detected at the wavelength of 208 nm.Results Oleanolic acid showed a good linear relationship at the range of 1.164～5.820 ?g,r=0.999 9.The average recovery was 99.70% and RSD was 1.76%(n =5).Conclusion The method was simple and accurate with good reproducibility,and can be used to determine the content of oleanolic acid in Cortex Aralia Elatae.

Objective To investigate the effects of different growth factors to perfused kidney in vitro at room temperature. Methods 25 New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups, Each group had 5 rabbits. Perfusion was carried out in vitro on rabbits′ kidney with different culture media containing hepatocellular growth factor(HGF) in high or low dosage, epidermal growth factor(EGF) in high or low dosage, and growth factors-free. On the 65th hour after perfusion, lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) activity, the concentration of sodium and potassium in kidney vein effluent and ?-N-acetyl amino glucosaminidase in urine (NAG) activity in each group were respectively detected to observe the renal function. Renal histological changes under light microscope and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) of renal tissue were also examined to observe the renal morphological changes and the lesion degrees of renal tissue. Results The preservation effect of the culture media containing HGF in high dosage was the best among all 5 groups. In this group, LDH activity, the concentration of potassium in kidney vein effluent and NAG activity in urine were significantly lower than that of other 4 groups; the concentration of sodium of kidney vein effluent was notably higher than any other group. Renal histological changes under light microscope and PCNA stain of renal tissue showed that the renal morphological damage and the lesion of renal tissue were lighter than any other group. Conclusion HGF in high dosage could markedly improve the effect of perfusion preservation and protect the function and morphology structure of perfused rabbits′ kidneys better.

General anesthetics were widely used in ophthalmology surgical and other surgical anesthesia, sedation and animal experiments. The current study found that anesthesia drugs such as ketamine, sevoflurane and propofol had a great influence on eyes. Elevated intraocular pressure was a risk factor for glaucoma occurrence and progress and it can change the intraocular structure, and damage the visual function. So in this paper, the effects of several kinds of general anesthetics commonly used were systematically described, in order to hold the attention of the clinicians and the researchers.

Objective To analyze the diffusion properties of acute cerebral stroke to understand the effects of infarct and hematoma on diffusion-weighted MR images of patients with acute cerebral stroke. Methods 25 acute cerebral infarcts, 22 intracranial hematomas and 5 hemorrhagic infarctions were studied with CT, conventional and diffusion MR imaging. The DWI and ADC parameters of acute cerebral stroke were analyzed. Results The DWI images of 25 acute cerebral infarcts, 1 hyperacute hematoma, 2 acute hematomas and 3 subacute hematomas were hyperintensity, and that of 8 early subacute hematomas were hypointensity. The DWI images of early stage of 4 chronic hematomas were hyperintensity at center and hypointensity at periphery, and that of late stage were hypointensity. The DWI images of acute hemorrhagic infarctions had both the hyperintensity and hypointensity. Meanwhile, the ADC images of majority of the lesions were hypointensity. Conclusion DWI could reflect the diffusion properties of different types of cerebral strokes and play an important role in evaluating the strokes.

Chinese medicine (CM) develops with the survival, reproduction, growth, and progressing of the Chinese nation. Scientific technologies not only promote continual progressing of human societies, but also provide new ideas and methods for the development of CM. In recent years, great changes have taken place in CM complying with developing modern scientific technologies, mainly manifested in the depth of CM theories at molecular levels, the combination of syndrome differentiation and disease identification, continuous innovation and development of clinical diagnosis and treatment techniques, diversified dosages of Chinese materia medica, the academic tendency of education patterns, occupational refinement, diversified medical practice modes, and so on.
Humans ; Industrial Development ; Materia Medica ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; trends ; Reproduction

Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the WHO gradeⅣmalignancies, which is an acentral nervous system cancer with poor prognosis unless the lesion is in the brain stem. The incidence of GBM accounts for 80%of human primary malignant tumors in brain. Only 5%GBM can survive up to 5-years. Many researches showed that Sox2 is a pluripotent regulator, and muta?tion or abnormal function of Sox2 are closely related to the development of GBM. There are studies demonstrated the possibil?ity of using Sox2 gene as apotential target for GBM therapy. This paper reviewed recent progress in GBM.

As an internal environment of tumor occurrence, tumor microenvironment is composed of a variety of cells and extracellular matrix, and plays a crucial role in tumor formation, transfer and resistance to drugs. The regulation of tumor microenvironment will be a potential target to control the cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a kind of 21 to 25 nucleotides single-stranded RNA, and are mainly involved in regulating gene expression. Recently, with the suggestion of cellular auton-omous tumor inhibition mechanism, the regulation of tumor microenvironment by miRNAs has received great attention. This review summarizes recent findings on the non-cell-autonomous mechanisms of miRNAs-mediated regulation of tumor micro-environments, which provides foundations and perspective on the design of therapeutic interventions.

BACKGROUND:Human umbilical cord blood contains a large number of hemopoietic stem cels and mesenchymal stem cels. Neonate umbilical cord blood-derived stem cels show milder immunological rejection and lower immunogenicity than peripheral blood- and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cels. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the feasibility of umbilical cord blood-derived CD133 cels for treatment of gestational diabetes, so as to provide novel methods for clinical treatment of gestational diabetes. METHODS:Mouse models of gestational diabetes were established by high-fat and high-sugar diet feeding. Umbilical cord blood-derived CD133 cels were sorted by flow cytometry sorting technique and then transplanted into mouse models of gestational diabetesvia the tail vein. At 7 days after cel transplantation, serum levels of fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, total cholesterol and triacylglycerol were measured and mouse pancreatic tissue injury and repair was observed by hematoxylin-esoin staining. Mouse insulin resistance index and pancreatic islet function were analyzed using the homeostatic model assessment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Umbilical cord blood-derived CD133 cels could be isolated from umbilical cord blood monocytes using flow cytometry sorting technique, with cel purity of (90.24±2.56)%. At 7 days after cel transplantation, serum levels of fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, total cholesterol and triacylglycerol were significantly decreased, insulin resistance index was significantly decreased, and pancreatic islet function was significantly improved in mouse models of gestational diabetes (alP < 0.05). In addition, atrophy of pancreatic tissue and infiltration of inflammatory cels were reduced. These results show that umbilical cord blood-derived CD133 cel transplantation can improve the disease condition of gestational diabetes by repairing injured pancreatic tissue, decreasing insulin resistance index and improving pancreatic islet function.

Objective To investigate folic acid and vitamin B12 on the plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels and neurological function in young and middle-aged acute ischemic stroke patients with hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy).Methods Young and middle-aged acute ischemic stroke patients with HHcy were enrolled.They were randomly divided into either an intervention group or a control group.The patients with cerebral infarction in both groups were treated with conventional treatment.At the same time,the patients in the intervention group were treated with folic acid 5 mg and vitamin B12 25 μg,3 times a day for 4 weeks.Those in the control group were given placebo.The next day after admission and thereafter,the plasma Hcy levels were determined once every week.At the time of admission and after 4-week treatment,the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was used to evaluate neurological deficits.Results A total of 78young and middle-aged acute lschemic stroke patients with HHcy were enrolled (n =39 in each group).The baseline plasma Hcy levels and the NIHSS scores in all patients had significant linear correlation (r =0.717;P＜0.01).Four weeks after treatment,the plasma Hcy levels of the intervention group were significantly lower than those of the control group (15.07 ± 2.01μmol/L vs.21.29 ± 2.48 μmol/L; t =4.539; P ＜0.05),but there was no significant difference in the NIHSS scores (4.87 ± 2.17 vs.5.13 ± 1.67; t =0.585,P =0.560).Conclusions The baseline plasma Hcy level was positively correlated with the severity of stroke.Folic acid in combination with vitamin B12 could effectively decrease the plasma Hey level in young and middle-aged acute ischemic stroke patients with HHcy,but it had no significant effect on the improvement of neurological function.

Objective To understand the drinking water quality in the rural areas in Jiading, Shanghai. Methods In September, 2006, the drinking water samples from water plants and tap water were collected, then the water quality was analyzed and assessed according to the related standards and regulations. Results 84.56% of the rural population drank the surface water, 15.44% drank the ground water. Among 99.85% of the centralized water supply systems, the drinking water (surface water) was treated; among 0.15%, the drinking water (ground water) was only treated by decreasing iron and manganese. Source water and treated water quality had been greatly improved. Conclusion Intensive management of drinking water is very important to ensure the drinking water quality in the rural areas.