Objective To study the effect of finasteride on preventing prostate hyperplasia with acute urinary retention.Methods Totally 626 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) were randomly divided into treatment group (316 cases) and control group (310 cases),followed up for 3 years.The incidence of acute urinary retention and prostate volume changes were analyzed.Results There were 3 cases of acute urinary retention in treatment group (1.0 ％),9 cases in control group (2.9％) (x2 ＝5.37,P＜0.05).In treatment group,the average prostate volume was reduced about 23.6％ compared with before taking the medicine,on the contrary,prostate volume was averagely increased 12.3％ in control group.Conclusions Finasteride can reduce the risk of acute urinary retention by narrowing the prostate volume in patients of benign prostatic hyperplasia.

ObjectiveTo study the feasibility,safety and efficacy of laparoscopic cyst excision and Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy for adult congenital choledochal cyst.MethodA retrospective study was conducted on 7 adult patients with congenital choledochal cyst who received total laparoscopic cyst excision and Roux-en-y hepaticojejunostomy from May 2008 to February 2011 in the Department of General Surgery of Shengjing Hospital,China Medical University.ResultsAll the laparoscopic surgery was successful.The mean operation time was 210 minutes.The average intraoperative blood loss was 80 ml.All patients were out of bed within the first 24 h after surgery.The mean time to first flatus/bowel motion was 2.4 days.Except 1 patient who had small amount of bile leakage,all patients recovered smoothly without any major postoperative complications.The average hospital stay was 8.1 days.No patients suffered from abdominal pain,fever or jaundice during follow-up from 3 to 30 months.ConclusionTotal laparoscopic cyst excision and Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy was a safe,efficacious,and minimally invasive procedure.

Objective To analyze the common and individual training needs of palliative care among nurses in different level hospitals. Methods The self-designed questionnaire about training needs of palliative care was used to investigate 340 nurses in different level hospitals. The data were analyzed by Ridit analysis method. Results There were 24 important items and 26 unimportant items in the common training needs. Regarding the individual training needs,the concept of palliative care,basic nursing care and bereavement support were preferred by the primary-level hospital nurzes,while the principles of palliative care,basic nursing care and pain management in secondary-level hospital nurses,radiotherapy and chemotherapy care and the ethical and moral problems in palliative care in third-level hospital nurses. Conclusion Different level hospital nurs-es have beth common and individual needs in the training contents of palliative care. Ridit analysis can distinguish the differ-ences and provide reference for the training.

Local recurrence and distant metastasis is the major factor of impacting long-term survival for patients with esophageal carcinoma after radical resection. Postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy is expected to reduce the rate of local recurrence and distant metastasis, but views for the value of postoperative radiochemotherapy were inconsistent in the past. In recent years, scholars have performed much more clinical studies on postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy and found that the combined postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy after surgery significantly reduces the recurrence rate and distant metastasis rate and can enhance the survival of the patients.

Objective To improve the curative effect of non-invasive therapy for biliary ascariasis to shorten the course of treatment and minimize the chance of invasive managements such as surgery and endoscopic therapy. Methods The sequential therapy was conducted as: intravenous injection of vitamin C → oral administration of acid drug → expel the worm in the biliary tract. Results For the 19 cases of biliary ascariasis, 15 responded to the conservative treatment after one course of treatment,2 responded to it after two courses, 1 after 3 courses and 1 did not. Conclusion Sequential therapy is effective, convenient and simple for biliary ascariasis and it can reduce the chance of invasive management.

This paper presents a feature extraction method based on multivariate empirical mode decomposition (MEMD) combining with the power spectrum feature, and the method aims at the non-stationary electroencephalogram (EEG) or magnetoencephalogram (MEG) signal in brain-computer interface (BCI) system. Firstly, we utilized MEMD algorithm to decompose multichannel brain signals into a series of multiple intrinsic mode function (IMF), which was proximate stationary and with multi-scale. Then we extracted and reduced the power characteristic from each IMF to a lower dimensions using principal component analysis (PCA). Finally, we classified the motor imagery tasks by linear discriminant analysis classifier. The experimental verification showed that the correct recognition rates of the two-class and four-class tasks of the BCI competition III and competition IV reached 92.0% and 46.2%, respectively, which were superior to the winner of the BCI competition. The experimental proved that the proposed method was reasonably effective and stable and it would provide a new way for feature extraction.
Algorithms ; Brain ; physiology ; Brain-Computer Interfaces ; Discriminant Analysis ; Electroencephalography ; Humans ; Magnetoencephalography ; Principal Component Analysis

Objective To study the space distribution probability model of death cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome,so as to provide basic information for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome prevention and control policy making.Methods Poisson distribution and negative binomial distribution were used to fit the hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome deaths spatial distribution in Kaijiang county,Dazhou city,Sichuan province between 1979-2010.Results The actual distribution of death cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Kaijiang county was not Poisson distribution (x2 =40.64,P ＜ 0.01),but subjected to the negative binomial distribution(x2 =1.86,P ＞ 0.50).Conclusions The space distribution of death cases of HFRS in Kaijiang county is not random,but has strict regional aggregation,which may be related to the local medical conditions,patient' s lack of knowledge about health care and other factors.

Education of medical morality is an important part of medical education and must be through the whole career life of medical workers.Now our society is in the period of transition,but education of medial morality fails to get enough attention.Based on the present situation,the paper first makes a systematic exposition of the importance,intension,element and process of the reception of medical morality education of medical workers,then points out the rule of this reception and the approach to realize the validity of medical morality education.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Memotherm TM stent,a type of metallic stent in the management of secondary ureteropelvic junction obstruction. Methods From October 1995 to June 2001,13 cases (10 males and 3 females,mean age of 41 years) of secondary ureteropelvic junction obstruction underwent the Memotherm TM stenting.They were all followed up for an average of 26 months by B ultrasound,IVU,radionuclide renography and ureteroscopy. Results Of the 13 case,8 were cured,and 3 achieved improvement,while 2 cases failed.The main complications of endoprosthetic fibrotic stricture occurred in 5 cases.The forceps or YAG laser through ureteroscopy was used to remove the endoprosthetic fibrotic tissues. Conclusions Memotherm TM stent is mostly effective in the treatment of patients with secondary ureteropelvic junction obstruction,especially for patients who has undergone multiple operations or those are ineligible for open surgery.This procedure can significantly reduce the recurrence of ureterostenosis.

Objective To summarize the causes of failed drainage of double J ureteral stents following ureteroscopy. Methods From June 2000 to March 2003,the double J ureteral stents were placed for 3972 patients (2184 males and 1788 females)following ureteroscopy.The stents were placed through retrograde approach in 3138 cases,through antegrade approach in 1497 cases.The patients were followed up until the ureteral stents were retrieved. Results Of the 4635 cases,failed drainage of double J ureteral stent was found in 115 cases (2.48%).The main causes were severe extra luminal obstruction,serious steinstrasse,severe ureteral stricture and overperiod placement of ureteral stents. Conclusions Correctly identifying the indications for ureteroscopy and the placement of double J ureteral stents as well as close follow up are the keys to reduce the failure rate of drainage of double J ureteral stents following ureteroscopy.