Objective To discuss the clinical effect of weight loss training and oral intake of mefformin on obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome.Methods 60 cases of obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome in Nan'an District Maternal and Child Health Hospital were studied.They were divided into 2 groups,30 cases in each group.The control group received simple weight loss training and the observation group received weight loss training combined with the oral administration of metformin.The clinical data of the 60 cases were retrospectively analyzed and the clinical efficacy and safety of different treatment methods were evaluated.Results After treatment,two groups of patients have been effectively improved.16 cases(53.3％)in the control group and 29 cases(96.7％)in the observation group resumed normal menstruation,and the differences had statistical significance.Fasting blood sugar(FBS),BMI,testosterone and luteinizing hormone levels of the two groups had significant improvement after treatment,in addition,the improvement of these indicator were more obvious in the observation group than those in the control group,and the difference had statistical significance.The difference of FBS,BMI,testosterone and luteinizing hormone levels had statistical significance between before and after treatment(P =0.003 7,0.001 2,0.002 0 and 0.002 4,respectively).Conclusion The combination therapy of weight loss training and oral intake of metformin is effective in treating obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome.It is the main method in treating obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objective To summarize the MRI findings of spinal paraganglioma,in order to improve the diagnostic accuracy of imaging. Methods The MRI findings of 6 patients with spinal paraganglioma were retrospectively reviewed.All cases were proved by pathology.Results All 6 cases of spinal paraganglioma were located in lumbar spinal canal.There were serpentine vessels shade observed above the tumor in 5 cases.Two cases with smaller size of lesions exhibited as homogeneous signal intensity with homogenous enhancement. The other 4 cases with larger size of tumors exhibited as heterogeneous signal intensity because of intratumoral cystic change,hem-orrhage and hemosiderin deposit at the margin of the tumor.Conclusion Serpentine vessels above the tumor can be seen in spinal paragangliomas.Intratumoral cystic change and hemorrhage,hemosiderin deposit at the margin of the tumor are the MRI character-istics of spinal paraganglioma.

Etiquette education is an essential part of modern nursing quality education.In order to improve the general quality of the nursing students by etiquette education,the nursing teachers can infiltrate the essence of etiquette education into education reform,by theory teaching,demonstration, portrayal training,scenario training,and so on.

AIM:To explore the histopathological classification and incidence of orbital space-occupying lesions in children in order to provide references for the diagnosis of orbital space-occupying lesions in children.
METHODS:A total of 290 paediatric patients with orbital space - occupying lesions diagnosed by pathological examinations at the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from January 1998 to December 2012 were retrospectively reviewed.
RESULTS:In 290 paediatric patients with orbital space-occupying lesions, venous hemangioma was the most common (58 cases,20. 0%), the other commons were as follows: hemangio lymphangioma, dermid cyst, neurofibroma, optic nerve glioma, rhabdomyo sarcoma and so on. Capillary hemangioma, venous hemangioma, optic nerve glioma had the predominant age incidence. On the other hand, optic nerve glioma, venous hemangioma, rhabdomyosarcoma had the predominant sex incidence.
CONCLUSION: The majority of paediatric patients with orbital space - occupying lesions are congenital and embryonic lesions, the most common of which is venous hemangioma. Some lesions had the predominant age and sex incidence.

To increase the identification of pharyngeal bursa invasive fungal disease with lower cranial nerve involvement, reduce the misdiagnosis and improve the awareness of invasive fungal disease. We report the clinical data of a case with lower cranial nerve involvement as the first manifestation and reviewed the related literature.
Aged ; Cranial Nerves ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Mycoses ; complications ; pathology ; Pharyngeal Diseases ; etiology ; pathology

?AlM: To observe the changes of corneal topography and astigmatism et al with various duration of closing eyes and sleep;and study the impact of closing eye and sleep causing physiological hypoxia on corneal topography.
? METHODS: Sixteen volunteers were selected ( 32 eyes), 22-33 (26. 19 ± 3. 95) years old, without refractive errors and other eye diseases, as well as never wearing corneal contact lens, including 10 male eyes and 22 female eyes. The main parameters received corneal simulation K value, corneal astigmatism, corneal irregular measure ( ClM ) and the shape factor ( SF ) by Zeiss corneal topographer. They were measured before and after closed eyes 10, 20, 30, 60, 120min; before sleep and after over 6h sleep, they were detected immediately as soon as they opened eyes after 10, 20, 60, 120min.
? RESULTS: During closing eyes, there were no statistical significance on the changes of corneal topography, corneal astigmatism, and SF. After opening eyes and over 6h sleep, there were no statistical significance on the changes of corneal topography, corneal astigmatism, ClM, and SF.
?CONCLUSlON:Closing eyes and sleep don’t injure the cornea substantially, so corneal topography and corneal astigmatism don’t mainly change.

Apoptosis is a cell suicide process with a major role in development and homeostasis in bodies. Dysregulation of apoptosis, involved with inhibitors of apoptosis (IAPs), contributes a variety of disease states including cancer. The recent progress of members of IAPs family and the anticancer strategy against IAPs is reviewed in this paper.

Objective:To investigate the current situation of surrogate in China,analyze the reasons,and then provide effective suggestions and countermeasures.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted among medical staff and patients in an institution with assisted reproductive technology (ART),combining literature review and sociological research methods such as data maps,to explore and analyze the surrogacy.Results:The number of institutions with ART increased rapidly and its regulation became difficult.More surrogate network was observed in first-tier cities as well as the eastern and southeastern coastal provinces.That respondents agreeing with surrogacy was quite serious in some provinces.The reasons of surrogate were patients' needs,social concepts,weak government supervision,and so on.Conclusions:It should improve the laws of ART,explore long-term supervision mechanism,strengthen the management of internet,shield the information about surrogate,enhance medical ethics education for ART staff,and guide the infertility patients to establish the correct ethical concepts.

Hypopharyngeal cancer is not common and its prognosis is among the worst in head and neck cancer.Radiation therapy is an important choice of treatment,including radiotherapy alone,radiotherapy combined with surgery and radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy.The improvement of radiation therapy improves the prognosis of hypopharyngeal cancer patients,and radiotherapy combined with surgery is the standard treatment for hypopharyngeal cancer.Nowadays,in order to enhance the preserving rates of the organ and faction,radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy is becoming a research hotspot.

Objective To explore the role of hemoglobin (Hb) level in mortality and morbidity of chronic kidney disease (CKD)patients,aiming to give some evidence for therapy of anemia.Methods Randomized,clinical trials (RCTs) were identified by searching Medline,Embase and the Cochrane library.All the analyses were performed using the Revman software available free from the Cochrane collaboration.Results Twenty-three trials involving 10 204 patients were identified.Overall,the high Hb target was associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality (RR=1.10,95％ CI 1.00 to 1.21),hypertension (RR=1.40,95％ CI 1.12 to 1.75),stroke and hospitalization (RR=1.07,95％ CI 1.00 to 1.14) compared with low Hb target (P＜0.05).No significant difference was found in the risks of non-fatal mycardial infarction (RR=1.13,95％ CI 0.79 to 1.62) and renal replacement therapy (RR =1.00,95％ CI 0.85 to 1.18).Conclusions Targeting low Hb target is beneficial to CKD patients based on reduced risk of hypertension,hospitalization,stroke and all-cause mortality.However,no significant difference is found in non-fatal mycardial infarction and renal replacement therapy.