Objective:To study the effect of roadside dust inhalable particulate matter on airway inflammation in rats.Methods:Particles at roadside were collected,analyzed and PM10-treat model of rats were established.Lung tissue histopathology was observed.The counts of total leukocytes and neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)and superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathion peroxidase(GSH-Px),malondiadehyde(MDA),cytokin-induced neutrophil chemotactics(CINC)in lung homogenate were measured.Results:The counts of total leukocytes,macrophages and neutrophils in PM10-treat group were increased significantly than those in control group(P

Objective:To investigate the role of nuclear factor-?B(NF-?B)in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods:Rat models of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion were established.24hours later,the expression of NF-?B in rat brain of sham-operation group,operation group and intervention group was detected with immunohistochemistry method,Cytokin-induced neutrophil chemotactics(CINC)in rat brain were measured and histopathological examinations were conducted on the hippocampal CAl.Results:The expression of NF-?B p65 and CINC in the operation group increased significantly compared with the sham-operation group(P

OBJECTIVE:To explore the implementation methods of drug price reform in China. METHODS:Current condi-tion and disadvantages of drug price mechanism in China were analyzed,the problems of the implementation of drug price reform were concluded and summarized,and the implementation methods of drug price reform were put forward. RESULTS & CONCLU-SIONS:Current condition and disadvantages of drug price mechanism in China are mainly reflected as failure of policy for maxi-mum retail price causes part of drugs to be overpriced;government-led centralized procurement of drugs results in that part of drugs are underpriced;the defects in the regulation of drug price addition rate leads to hospitals’procurement of drugs at higher price;government’s excessive interference in drug price affects the fair competition and sound development of pharmaceutical in-dustry. However,there are some problems for drug price reform,including unsound drug distribution system,a lack of fair compe-tition in modern drug market,excessive centralization of power of medical insurance authorities,absent public participation and so-cial supervision,and the“practice of using pharmacy profits to subsidize medical services”leading to wrong medical behavior. These measures were suggested to resolve above problems,i.g. reform the drug distribution system,foster modern drug market,es-tablish a medical insurance authorities-led mechanism for drug price negotiation in which multiple interest parties participate,and develop drug retail enterprises gradually replacing the outpatient pharmacies in hospitals to separate medical services from pharma-ceutical services.

Objective: To investigate the effects of the tandem repeat polymorphisms in the enhancer region (ER) of thymidylate synthase (TS) gene and the 6-bp deletion/insertion (del6/ins6) polymorphism in the 3′ untranslated region (3′-UTR) of TS gene on the clinical outcomes of gastric cancer patients treated with 5-FU-based adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods: One hundred and sixteen patients with gastric cancer were treated with 5-FU-based adjuvant chemotherapy. The polymorphisms of TSER and TS 3′ -UTR in those patients were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Results: Of the 116 patients, the frequencies of the TSER 2R/2R, 2R/3R and 3R/3R were 7.8% (9/116), 31.9% (37/116), and 60.3% (70/116), respectively; the frequencies of the TS3′-UTR ins6/ins6, ins6/del6 and del6/del6 were 9.5% (11/116), 41.4% (48/116) and 49.1% (57/116), respectively. The median survival period in ins6/ins6 carriers was significantly shorter than that of del6/del6 (P = 0.017) or ins6/del6 (P = 0.022) carriers. There was no significant difference in median relapse-free survival period between different TSER carriers (P > 0.05). COX multivariate analysis showed that the ins6/ins6 carriers had increased death risk (P <0.05) compared to the other two genotypes. The median no-recurrence survival period had no statistical difference between them. Conclusion: The polymorphism of TS 3 UTR ins6/del6 may be an independent factor for the prognosis of gastric cancer patients treated with 5-FU-based adjuvant chemotherapy.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; methods ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; methods ; Coronary Vessels ; surgery ; Humans

Emergency Treatment ; methods ; Humans ; Seizures ; therapy ; Status Epilepticus ; therapy

Abnormality of sphincter of Oddi is divided into the anatomical and functional ones. Anatomical abnormality includes stenosis and insufficiency, and the dyskinesia of sphincter of Oddi is composed of hypermotility and hypomotility. Many biliopancreatic diseases are associated with the abnormality of sphincter of Oddi, which include congenital pancreaticobiliary maljunction, gallstones, primary choledocholithiasis and hepatolithiasis, post-cholecystectomy syndrome, and pancreatitis. The proper acknowledgement of abnormality of sphincter of Oddi is of importance to improve the diagnosis and therapy of corresponding biliopancreatic diseases.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of atorvastatin combined with valsartan on efficacy,safety and related indi-cators in patients with chronic nephritis. METHODS:86 patients with chronic nephritis were randomly divided into control group (43 cases)and observation group(43 cases). All patients were given low-salt,low-protein and high-quality diet with protein intake of 0.8 g/(kg·d),appropriately given Cyclophosphamide tablet,Prednisone tablet,Penicillin V potassium tablet and other conven-tional treatment. Based on it,control group was given 160 mg valsartan,once a day in early morning. Observation group was addi-tionally given 20 mg atorvastatin,once a day before bedtime. They were treated for 6 months. Clinical efficacy,24 h protein amount (24 h pro),serum creatinine (Scr),blood urea nitrogen (BUN),glomerular filtration rate (GFR),C-reactive protein (CRP),total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG ),low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) in 2 groups were observed,and incidence of adverse reactions was followed-up for 9 months. RESULTS:The total effective rate in ob-servation group was significantly higher than control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Before treatment, there were no significant differences in 24 h pro,Scr,BUN,GFR,CRP,TC,TG,LDL and HDL between 2 groups(P>0.05). After treatment,24 h pro,Scr,BUN and CRP in 2 groups were significantly lower than before,and observation group was lower than control group,GFR was significantly higher than before,and observation group was higher than control group,the differenc-es were statistically significant(P<0.05). TC and LDL in 2 groups were significantly lower than before,HDL was higher than be-fore,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);but there were no significant differences in the TG between 2 groups and before and after treatment(P>0.05). And there was no significant differences in the incidence of adverse reactions between 2 groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Based on the conventional treatment,the efficacy of atorvastatin combined with valsartan is superior to valsartan alone in the treatment of chronic nephritis,and it can significantly improve renal functions,with similar short-term safety.

Objective: To explore the advantages and evaluate feasibility of sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy and axillary lymph node dissection under mastoscopy for patients with early stage breast cancer in clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods: 200 patients with breast cancer stage I and II diagnosed by breast surgery were divided into observation group (100 cases) and control group (100 cases) as different surgery method. The patients of observation group were treated by SLN biopsy and axillary lymph node dissection under mastoscopy, while those of control group were treated by traditional open surgery. To analyze the detection rate and accuracy rate, and compare the bleeding volume during operation, the operation time and hospitalization time between the two groups. And series of indexes, such as incidence of post-operative complication, recurrence rate and good appearance rate of breast were compared between the two groups. Results: The difference of accuracy rate between the two groups was no significant. The incidence of complication, good appearance rate of breast and recurrence rate of observation group were, respectively, 4%, 92% and 4%. And the differences between those results of observation group and those of control group were significant (x2=25.25, x2=16.61, x2=170.40; P<0.05). Other some indexes, such as the bleeding volume during operation, the operation time and hospitalization time, the differences between observation group and control group also were significant (t=9.73, t=13.86, t=11.66; P<0.05). Conclusion:Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy and axillary lymph node dissection under mastoscopy are feasibility in clinical practice based on its series advantages, such as better detection rate, lower incidence of complication, better protection for breast appearance and so on.

Objective:To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of bacteria and their susceptibility to antimicrobials and to establish a basis for empirical treatment of the neonatal infections. 　Methods:Identification of bacteria were performed according to the National Standard of Clinical Microbiological Test. Disk diffusion were used for antimicrobial susceptibility test.　Results: A total of 2,244 strains were isolated from the samples collected in our neonatal ward from Jan. 1987 to Dec. 1998. The predominant species ranked the first three were Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Escherichia coli in the group I (infections acquired outside of hospital). Escherichia coli, Klebsiella and pseudomonas aeruginosa ranked the first three in the group Ⅱ(nosocomial infections). The resistance rates of bacterial isolates from group Ⅱ to antimicrobial agents including penicillin and ampicillin were significantly higher than that from group I (P＜0.05). The sensitivity rate was 82.2% by using amikacin only, but raised to 89% when combined with penicillin. 　Conclusion: Gram-negative bacteria were the main pathogens of nosocomial infections of neonates in our hospital but Gram-positive bacteria were the main pathogens of infections acquired outside of hospital. The nosocomial pathogens were more prone to developing drug resistance. It is recommended that the combinative use of amikacin and penicillin be employed as primary antibiotics for treatment of neonatal infections.