Objective:To study the effect of roadside dust inhalable particulate matter on airway inflammation in rats.Methods:Particles at roadside were collected,analyzed and PM10-treat model of rats were established.Lung tissue histopathology was observed.The counts of total leukocytes and neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)and superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathion peroxidase(GSH-Px),malondiadehyde(MDA),cytokin-induced neutrophil chemotactics(CINC)in lung homogenate were measured.Results:The counts of total leukocytes,macrophages and neutrophils in PM10-treat group were increased significantly than those in control group(P

OBJECTIVE:To explore the implementation methods of drug price reform in China. METHODS:Current condi-tion and disadvantages of drug price mechanism in China were analyzed,the problems of the implementation of drug price reform were concluded and summarized,and the implementation methods of drug price reform were put forward. RESULTS & CONCLU-SIONS:Current condition and disadvantages of drug price mechanism in China are mainly reflected as failure of policy for maxi-mum retail price causes part of drugs to be overpriced;government-led centralized procurement of drugs results in that part of drugs are underpriced;the defects in the regulation of drug price addition rate leads to hospitals’procurement of drugs at higher price;government’s excessive interference in drug price affects the fair competition and sound development of pharmaceutical in-dustry. However,there are some problems for drug price reform,including unsound drug distribution system,a lack of fair compe-tition in modern drug market,excessive centralization of power of medical insurance authorities,absent public participation and so-cial supervision,and the“practice of using pharmacy profits to subsidize medical services”leading to wrong medical behavior. These measures were suggested to resolve above problems,i.g. reform the drug distribution system,foster modern drug market,es-tablish a medical insurance authorities-led mechanism for drug price negotiation in which multiple interest parties participate,and develop drug retail enterprises gradually replacing the outpatient pharmacies in hospitals to separate medical services from pharma-ceutical services.

Objective:To investigate the role of nuclear factor-?B(NF-?B)in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods:Rat models of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion were established.24hours later,the expression of NF-?B in rat brain of sham-operation group,operation group and intervention group was detected with immunohistochemistry method,Cytokin-induced neutrophil chemotactics(CINC)in rat brain were measured and histopathological examinations were conducted on the hippocampal CAl.Results:The expression of NF-?B p65 and CINC in the operation group increased significantly compared with the sham-operation group(P

Objective: To investigate the effects of the tandem repeat polymorphisms in the enhancer region (ER) of thymidylate synthase (TS) gene and the 6-bp deletion/insertion (del6/ins6) polymorphism in the 3′ untranslated region (3′-UTR) of TS gene on the clinical outcomes of gastric cancer patients treated with 5-FU-based adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods: One hundred and sixteen patients with gastric cancer were treated with 5-FU-based adjuvant chemotherapy. The polymorphisms of TSER and TS 3′ -UTR in those patients were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Results: Of the 116 patients, the frequencies of the TSER 2R/2R, 2R/3R and 3R/3R were 7.8% (9/116), 31.9% (37/116), and 60.3% (70/116), respectively; the frequencies of the TS3′-UTR ins6/ins6, ins6/del6 and del6/del6 were 9.5% (11/116), 41.4% (48/116) and 49.1% (57/116), respectively. The median survival period in ins6/ins6 carriers was significantly shorter than that of del6/del6 (P = 0.017) or ins6/del6 (P = 0.022) carriers. There was no significant difference in median relapse-free survival period between different TSER carriers (P > 0.05). COX multivariate analysis showed that the ins6/ins6 carriers had increased death risk (P <0.05) compared to the other two genotypes. The median no-recurrence survival period had no statistical difference between them. Conclusion: The polymorphism of TS 3 UTR ins6/del6 may be an independent factor for the prognosis of gastric cancer patients treated with 5-FU-based adjuvant chemotherapy.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; methods ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; methods ; Coronary Vessels ; surgery ; Humans

Antitussive Agents/*pharmacology ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical/methods

China ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; therapy ; Humans

Coronary Artery Bypass ; methods ; trends ; Humans

At present, there are 8 sources of neural stem calls (NSCs), such as the early embryo, umbilical cord blood, brain tissue of adults and bone marrow, which are used for experiments. Four methods are also provided to isolate NSCs, for example, the serial passage and the gene transduction. Most of the hotspots at home and abroad are on the modulation of NSC transplantation in vivo, to make it proliferate and differentiate in hand. Most findings are achieved through experiments on rodents, no matter in vitro or vivo, which indicate that the proliferation and differentiation of NSCs can be affected by a variety of biological factors and drugs. Even more, the effects are multiple according to the factors and drugs of different kinds and the same kind of different concentrations, even the same factor would have different roles in different process of the culture of NSCs. The survival of NSCs during transplantation can also be affected by local microenvironment. Neither the NSC endogenous nor exogenous treatment is efficient. Furthermore, the body also rejects the exogenous NSCs. Taken together, it is tough for us to conclude that a factor does have some effects on the NSCs. Moreover, there are still a series of key problems unveiled clinically, such as how to perfect transplantation and whether to choose exogenous or endogenous NSCa for transplantation.

Objective To develop a PC-based system for simultaneous monitoring of locomotor and sound activities on small rodents. Methods The displacement and location signals of the animal were first determined across consecutive video-frames, followed by marked data reduction to cater for long-term studies. At the same time, sounds generated by the animal were detected and the sound level was recorded as root-mean-square values at 1-sec intervals. Results Preliminary data showed that such a multi-parametric monitor system could provide comprehensive information on the animal's activity.Conclusion It can be applied in many study field.