Hepatic Encephalopathy ; classification ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Terminology as Topic

Objective To investigate the changes and the significance of the contents in matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in plasm of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Methods The contents of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in plasm of 50 patients with ICH and 50 healthy people (control group) were measured respectively through ELISA methods. Results Compared with the control group,the increase of the contents of MMP-2 and MMP-9 had obvious statistic significance in plasm of patients with ICH (P0.05),but they had obvious statistic significance in the comparison among other time groups (P

BACKGROUND:Myocardial infarction patients commonly appear to have left ventricular remodeling and heart failure. Because of physical characteristics, these two complications are more likely to occur in elderly patients with myocardial infarction. In recent years, stem celltransplantation in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction and heart failure has become a hot topic, and the feasibility and safety has been confirmed, but its long-term outcomes in elderly patients are stil unclear.
OBJECTIVE:To assess the long-term effect of transplantation of autologous peripheral blood stem cells on the left ventricular remodeling and heart function in the old patients with myocardial infarction.
METHODS:Thirty old patients (age ≥ 60 years) with myocardial infarction were randomly assigned to receive intracoronary transplantation of peripheral blood stem cells fol owing bone marrow cells mobilization by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor ( 300-600μg per day) subcutaneously for 5 days in addition to conventional therapy (standard drug therapy and percutaneous coronary intervention;transplantation group, n=15) or standard therapy (standard drug therapy and percutaneous coronary intervention;control group, n=15) . Complications during intervention, left ventricular function and left ventricular remodeling at baseline and 6, 12, 24, 60 months after treatment were monitored.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Left ventricular function, left ventricular end diastolic volume, and left ventricular end-systolic volume were significantly improved 6,12, 24, 60 months after autologous peripheral blood stem celltransplantation compared to baseline, while these parameters remained unchanged in the control group. These parameters had statistical difference between the two groups after treatment. During the fol ow-up, no severe side effects were observed. These findings indicate that autologous peripheral blood stem celltransplantation leads to significant and longstanding improvements in left ventricular performance of old patients with myocardial infarction, and shows good safety.

Objective This study was designed to evaluate the short-term effect and safety of 80 mg/d atorvastatin treating on ACS patients with interventional therapy in China. Methods From August 2002 to March 2014,1746 ACS patients accepting 80mg/d atorvastatin treatment were enrolled from three province hospital. All patients were divided into three groups, 886 patients in group A with 80mg/d atorvastatin treating for 4 weeks, 562 patients in group B with 80mg/d atorvastatin treating for 8 weeks, and 298 patients in group C with 80mg/d atorvastatin treating for 12 weeks after discharge. Blood lipid level, hepatic function, renal function and creatine kinase level were tested on 4th, 8th, 12th week. Results The percentage of patients reacting lipid levels was 85.0%in group A, 86.1%in group B, 94.0%in group C and 86.9%in total. The rate of ALT/AST exceed two times of normal upper level in group A was 1.6%, in group B was 1.8%and in group C was 1.0%.The symptom of joint and muscle pain in group A was 6.3%, group B was 1.4%, group C was 2.7%. The elevation of creatine kinase in group A was 0.8%, in group B was 0.5%, and 0%in group C. The symptom of abdomen discomfort in group A was 2.3%, group B was 2.5%and group C was 4.0%. The complaint of other symptoms was 3.2%in group A, 2.1%in group B, 1.7%in group C. Conclusions Accepting 80 mg/d atorvastatin treating for ACS patients with interventional therapy is effective and safe in short term.

Exosome is a sort of vesicle structure attached to cell membrane and released by cells, which contains numerous bioactive molecules, such as proteins, lipids, mRNA, microRNA and DNA fragments. These bioactive molecules are involved in the regulation of many biological processes, not only the participation in the occurrence and development of diverse diseases, but also the close relationship with the invasion and metastasis of tumors. The recent study has indicated that lots of exosomes released from cancer cells participate in a variety of pathological processes as a messenger of cell functions. This article will elaborate the function and application of exosomes in some malignant cancers.

Based on the reality of Anhui Medical University,the paper analyzes the adverse factors of carrying out combination with teaching for the literature retrieval course from the perspectives of emphasis,professional knowledge structure and teachers of professional courses,and puts forward corresponding countermeasures from implementation of teaching and teaching effect,in order to provide reference for medical colleges to carry out literature retrieval course effectively.

The phagocytic ability and fashion of two types of alveolar macrophages (AM) on coal dust were studied by differential interference contrast microscope, scanning electron microscope and image analyser. This study revealed the phagocytic ability of spherical AM on dust was higher than that of the flat AM. Both types of AM could extend long tenuous filopodia to the coal dusts around the cells. The coal dusts were attached to the cell surface and then were sunk into the macrophage. The amount of the phagocyted coal dusts per unit time were measured by image analytical method which is more exact than other methods. This paper provided not only a new approach for study phagocytosis of macrophage on inorganic dusts, but also some essential morphologic evidences for study of pneumoconiosis.

Objective:To investigate the effect of GRP94 gene expression down-regulation on the proliferation in human lung carcinoma A549 cells and possible mechanism.Methods:Expression of GRP94 was examined in 4 lung carcinoma cells and two lung bronchial epithelial cells by qRT-PCR and Western blot.Chemically synthesized siRNA targeting GRP94 gene and transfected into A549 cells used by Lipofectamine2000.The mRNA and protein expression levels of GRP94,c-myc and cyclinD1 were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot.CCK8 assay and Colony formation assay were used to detect the effect of specific GRP94 siRNA on cell proliferation.Results:The levels of GRP94 expression in the four lung carcinoma cells were significantly higher than that in two lung bronchial epithelial cells (P<0.05).GRP94 siRNA significantly downregulated the levels of GRP94 mRNA and protein in A549 cells, and the downregulation evidently suppressed cell proliferation.However, The c-myc and cyclinD1 expression levels in A549 cells in siRNA-GRP94 group was significantly lower than that in siRNA-NC group (P<0.05).Conclusion:The levels of GRP94 expression in lung carcinoma cells were significantly higher than that in normal lung epithelial cells.Knockdown GRP94 expression significantly inhibit the level of lung carcinoma A549 cells proliferation,which may act via influencing the expression of c-myc,cyclinD1.

Thyroid cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the human endocrine system. A papillary thyroid microcarci-noma (PTMC) is usually defined as a papillary thyroid tumor that is less than 10 mm in diameter. The incidence of thyroid cancers has obviously increased in recent years. The surgical treatment of PTMC differs in China and overseas. Aside from conventional surgery, novel surgical methods, such as ultrasound-guided percutaneous ablation, have been used for the surgical treatment of PTMC. This arti-cle mainly discusses the research progress in the surgical treatment of PTMC.

Objective To observe the effect of ulinastatin on NT -proB -NP and Picco in patients with severe sepsis.Methods 50 patients with severe sepsis were randomly divided into the control group and observation group,25 patients in each group.The control group received the routine treatment,and the observation group received ulinastatin additionally.The venous blood was collected to determine cTn -I,NT -proBNP,TNF -αand Lac before treatment and 7 days after treatment.The APACHE Ⅱ and CFI were observed before treatment and 7 days after treat-ment.Results The differences of CFI,cTnI,NT -proBNP in the two groups before treatment were not significant (t =0.419,0.321,0.335,all P >0.05),after treatment,cTnI and NT -proBNP decreased more significantly(t =2.976,2.910,all P <0.05),while lifting more apparent CFI[(3.98 ±0.95)vs.(2.39 ±0.85),t =6.237,P <0.05]in the observation group than in the control group.The differences of TNF -αand Lac in the two groups before treatment were not significant (t =0.602,0.848,all P >0.05 ),after treatment,TNF -αand Lac decreased significantly faster in the observation group than in the control group(t =8.478,3.104,all P <0.05).After treat-ment,APACHE Ⅱ score decreased significantly in observation group than in the control group(t =2.321,P <0.05). Conclusion Ulinastatin had protective effects on heart function in patients with severe sepsis.