Objective To evaluate the value of SPECT/CT in differentiating malignancy from benign spinal disease. Methods Fifty-three patients with foci of abnormally increased uptake in the spine detected by 99Tcm-MDP planar whole body bone scan subsequently underwent bone SPECT/CT. The final diagnosis was determined by pathological examination or clinical follow-up ( ≥6 months), which was applied to calculate the diagnostic efficacy of bone SPECT/CT. Results A total of 25 patients were confirmed to have bone malignancy. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, false positive rate, false negative rate, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for 99Tcm-MDP bone SPECT/CT were 96.00% (24/25), 96.43% (27/28), 96.23% (51/53), 3.57% ( 1/28), 4.00% ( 1/25), 96.00% (24/25) and 96.43% (27/28), respectively. Conclusion 99Tcm-MDP bone SPECT/CT imaging provides good clinical value for the differential diagnosis of spinal diseases.

Objective To investigate the characteristics and influencing factors leading to sudden cardiac death (SCD) of incarcerated prisoners. Methods Seventy-five SCD cases of prisoners between 2000 and 2013 in Henan province were collected, and environment, psychological and physical factors were retro-spectively analyzed. Combined with histopathological results, specific factors of SCD were also studied. Results In the 75 cases, 21 cases (28%) had definite chronic past medical histories, and 75 cases (100%) had cardiovascular disease confirmed by autopsy. Conclusion Due to presence of the potential cardiac diseases, special incarcerated environment, psychological stress, and body-restraint might be the precipitat-ing factors in SCD of those prisoners.

Objective To search for the changes of T cells subpopulations and immunoglobulin and their relation-ship in children patients with simple nephrotic syndrome. Design Case-control research. Patients aud Participants 39 patients with simple nephrotic syndrome were divided into two groups:the incipient group and relapse group (6 cases were determined at the incipient and relapse time) .Thereare 28 patients in incipient group, 19 males and 9 females, at the age of 2 to 10 years old. There are20 patients in relapse group, 12 males and 8 females, at the age of 3 to 13 years old. There are 35health children in control group, 21 males and 14 females, 2～13 years old. Interventions T cells subpopulations were determined by indirect immunofluorescence of OKT linesmonoclonal antibodies. The serum IgG was determined by routine simple agar immunodiffusion tests. Results and Conclusions The CD_3~+ and CD_4~+ cells are of no change in the children patients withsimple nephrotic syndrome, and the CD_8~+ and CD_(10)~+ cells are obviously increased, the Values of CD_4~+/CD_8~+ are obviously lower than those in the control qroup, there are no difference between the incipientand relapse groups. The levels of serum IgG were decreased in the 85.3% children patients, IgM were inc-reased in 29.4% of that. The values of CD_4~+/CD_8~+ have positive correlation and negative correlationwith the levels of serum IgG and IgM respectively.

Objective To investigate the thermal effects on tissue structures during microwave endometrial ablation(MEA)and seek a feasible method of endometrial thinning and a fitting mode of applicator radiating microwaves.Methods Operations were performed between the group of thorough uterine curettage and the group of early follicular phase in in vitro or in vivo uterus.The former was treated with MEA after thorough uterine curettage;while the latter was treated with MEA in the early follicular phase directly.The applicator radiating microwaves were moved in "Z" or "Z+W" shape inside uterine cavity.At the same time the serosal temperature was measured in the uterine fundus,tael cornua uteri,the posterior wall and the lower part of anterior wall.After operations the uterine specimens were stained by hematoxylin- eosin,and respiratory enzyme dehydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase(NADH-d) methods.The morphologic changes and the depth of tissue thermal damage were evaluated using an optical microscope and electron microscope.Results(1)Under the optical microscope the endometrial glands became distorted,the cell boundaries disappeared,the nucleoli turned condensed and were stained darker. A large number of acute inflammatory cells appeared in fibrous tissue.In the shallow muscle layer cells were arrayed thickly,nucleoli were solidified and condensed,and cellular plasm were concentrated.The endometrial and the superficial muscle layers were damaged and colorless with NADH-d staining.The scope of the tissue thermal damage was clearly seen.Under an electron microscope,some smooth muscle ceils, chromatin,karyotheca and cellular membranes were destroyed.The mitochondria were swollen,membranes were ruptured,and the crista disappeared.Many organelles were destroyed.The chromatin was lightly wrecked in the transitional area between putrescence and the normal smooth muscle tissue.Karyotheca and cellular plasm still existed,the mitochondria were highly edematous and the crista were disappeared,and the granular endoplasmic reticula were slightly expanded and degranulated.(2)The serosal temperature in in vitro uterus was significantly higher than that in in vivo uterus(P0.05).The injury depth of the "Z+ W" radiation group increased significantly than that of the " Z" radiation group(P

Animals ; Chemokine CCL20 ; Chemokine CXCL10 ; Chemokines, CC ; biosynthesis ; Chemokines, CXC ; biosynthesis ; Liver ; metabolism ; Liver Transplantation ; Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rats, Wistar ; Transplantation, Homologous

Objective To evaluate the effect of moderate activities at moderate high altitude on acute mountain sickness (AMS) incidence .Methods Ninety-one healthy sea level residents traveled from sea level (345 m) to high altitude city (3200 m) ,by train within 48-hour .They walked 5 kilometers after 2-night stayed ,Lake Louis Score (LLS) Questionnaires ,blood pressure(BP) and oxygen saturation (SpO2 ) was administered before and after walking .Results Seven subjects were excluded because of incomplete data .The incidence of AMS before and after exercise was 20 .24% (n=17/84) and 11 .90% (n=10/84) respectively(P>0 .05) .Af-ter a 5 kilometer walking ,the heart rate increased from (73 .83 ± 9 .96)bpm to(84 .31 ± 12 .55)bpm (P<0 .05) ,Systolic BP and SpO2 level decreased from(128 .86 ± 13 .93)mm Hg to (124 .48 ± 13 .13)mm Hg ,(92 .80 ± 2 .25)% to (89 .94 ± 2 .45)% (P<0 .05) .Headache symptom improved after walking (P<0 .05) .Smoking was negative correlate with LLS score before and after ex-ercise(P<0 .05) .There is no relation between SpO2 and LLS scores .Conclusion Walking five kilometers at 3200 m improve head-ache symptom and tend to decrease AMS .

Objective:To analyze the dental and mandibular asymmetry of adults with Class Ⅱ subdivision malocclusion.Methods:The jaw bones of 30 adults with Class Ⅱ subdivision malocclusion(case group)and 30 with normal-occlusion(control group)were scanned by CBCT.Linear and angular comparison was conducted between the two groups.Results:Dental midline deviation was ob-served in case group,mostly in mandibular arch (60%).The development of Class Ⅱ molar relationship correlated mainly to distally positioned mandibular molar on Class Ⅱ side.Conclusion:In the adults with Class Ⅱ subdvision malocclusion odontogenic asymme-try is the major factor,bony asymmetry is the miner.

Objective To explore the possible factors associated with twice human brucellosis epidemics in Inner Mongolia during 1952 to 2007 to provide scientific tactics for prevention and control brucellosis. Methods Surveillance data and literature about human brucellosis during 1952 to 2007 in Inner Mongolia was collected, descriptive analysis of human brucellosis incidence on distribution in the regions and among occupations was carried out during 1952 to 2007. Results In Inner Mongolia, the first epidemic of human brucellosis peak appeared in the early 1960s, spreading to 12 regions, at an incidence of 55.28/100 000 in 1961, 72.9% of the Brucella infected people were herdsman;another epidemic peak seriously hit middle and eastern regions after 2000, the incidence being 38.44/100 000 in 2005;51.9% and 28.7% of the new brucellosis cases were respectively peasant and herdsman. Conclusions In Inner Mongolia, animal husbandry industry has been rapid developed since the early 1990's, resulting frequent livestock trade without quarantine, at the same time the public health system doesn't match the development, so the epidemic situation of brucellosisbecomes more and more serious after mid-90's, and has reached the peak during 2004 and 2007.

AlM:To investigate the changes of retinal histology and oxidative stress in diabetic retinopathy and its reversal by pyruvate in diabetic rats.
METHODS: Eighty Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups:control group ( 20 rats ) , model group ( 30 rats ) and treatment group ( 30 rats ) . After streptozotocin ( STZ) induced diabetes mellitus in the model group and the treatment group, the treatment group received 2%pyruvate in diet and drinking. The changes of body weight and blood glucose were observed and the changes of glutathione peroxidase ( GSH-PX ) , malonie dialdehyde ( MDA) , and Na+-K+-ATPase levels of retinal tissue and retinal ultrastructure were investigated in three groups at 12wk after occurrence of diabetes.
RESULTS: Compared with control group, the body weight of the model group were significantly decreased, the activities of GSH-PX and ATP in the retina of diabetic rats were significantly lower, the MDA was signigicantly higher and significant changes occurred in retinal ultrastructure. Compared with model group, the blood glucose of the treatment group had no significant changes. However, the activities of GSH and ATP in the retina of diabetic rats were higher, the MDA was lower and the retinal ultrastructure was comparatively mild.
CONCLUSlON:Pyruvate can alleviate oxidatie stress reaction, improve the energy metabolism of retina, and delay the development of retinopathy.

Background Our previous study demonstrated that epigallocateehin-gallate(EGCG),an active ingredient of green tea,has protective effect on optical nerve after optic nerve crush.Astrocyte was proved to play key role in the repair of nerve tissue,but the influence of EGCG on astrocyte is unclear.Glial flbrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is a special marker for astrocyte. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of EGCG on the expression of GFAP in optic nerve tissue after optic nerve crush. Methods Seventy-two clean Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group,sham+EGCG group,optic nerve crush+normal saline group(vehicle group),optic nerve crush+EGCG group.Optic nerve crush models were established by clamping optical nerve for 60 seconds by minitype optic nerve clipper with the force of 40 gram.Only ocular tissue was cut in the rats in sham group.Normal saline solution or EGCG(25 mg/kg)was intraperitoneally injected daily for 5 days consecutively and orally administered(2 mg/kg)daily afterwards.The expression of GFAP in optic nerve was detected by immunohistochemistry and quantified by Western blotting analysis on day 7,14 and 28 after modeling. Results lmmunochemistry showed that GFAP were weakly expressed in the rats of both normal group and sham+EGCG group with the sliSht brown staining in optic nerve tissue.The deeply brown staining for GFAP was seen in vehicle group,and the staining intensity weakened in optic nerve crush+EGCG group compared to vehicle group on days 7,14 and 28 after modeling.Western blotting analysis revealed that the expression level of GFAP in rat optic nerve tissue of vehicle group was significantly enhanced in comparison with normal control group(P＜0.01).On day 7 and 14 after optic nerve modeling,the expression levels of GFAP were evidently decreased in optic nerve crush+EGCG group in comparison with vehicle group(P＜0.05).However,on day 28 after modeling,no significant difference wag found in the expression levels of GFAP between vehicle group and optic nerve erush+EGCG group(P＞0.05). Conclusion EGCG down-regulates optic nerve crush-induced of GFAP in the optic nerve and therefore attenuates the activity of astrocytes,suggesting that EGCG might reduce the formation of glial scar.