Many studies have shown that the incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is increasing with an annual of 2％ to 5％.As the same with type 2 diabetes mellitus,T1DM is also a risk factor for stroke.Although some T1DM studies have taken stroke as a component of the composite endpoint of cardiovascular events,a few studies have focused on the risk of stroke in patients with T1DM.Recent studies have shown that the risk of stroke in patients with T1DM is significantly higher than those without diabetes mellitus,especially in the population under the age of 50.In addition,the T1DM patients died of the risk of stroke are 3 to 4 times higher than the general population.This article reviews the relationship between T1DM and stroke.

Effective prevention is the best approach for reducing the burden of stroke.The reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol with statins may decrease the risks of patients with the first ever stroke and ischemic stroke or recurrent stroke in patients with transient ischemic attack.In stroke prevention,the treatment of statins has become the most important advance following aspirin and antihypertensive treatment.This article reviews the roles of statins in the prevention of stroke.

Objective:To investigate frequencies of microsatellite instability(MSI)and loss of heterozygosity(LOH)in renal ceil carcinoma(RCC),and to discuss the relationship of clinicopathological characteristics of RCC with MSI and LOH. Methods:Twelve microsatellite markers located at chromosomes 3p,9p and 14q were selected to investigate microsatellite alterations(MSI and LOH)in 31 RCC specimens and their paired metastasis specimens by polymerase chain reaction- polyacrylamide gel elect rophoresis-ethylene dibromide(PCR-PAGE-EB)staining and sequencing.Results:The frequency of MSI could reached 61.3% and that of LOH could reach 54.8%.The highest frequency of MSI was at locus of D9S168(32.3%);the highest frequency of LOH was at locus of D3S1289(21.4%).No correlation was found between MSI or LOH and the patients' age,sex,pathology type and metastastis,except that MSI was correlated with TNM stage of RCC(P

Metabolic abnormalities were identified and carotid intima-media-thickness(IMT)was measured in 221 individuals at risk for metabolic syndrome(MS).The results indicated that IMT was significantly thicker in MS individuals than that in non-MS individuals(P＜0.01).And there was a tendency of progressive increase in IMT with increasing components of metabolic syndrome.

A strain of high-efficiency bioflocculant-producting bacteria,which was named TJ-3,was screened from sewage sludge.The strain was gram-negative and rod-shaped in physiological biochemical test and was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa by 16S rDNA Sequencing.According to the growth curve of the TJ-3 strain,the growth stabilization period is long so that Microbial Flocculants(MBF) production is stable.The MBF produced by the TJ-3 strain is able to flocculante kaolin suspension with 98.2%.The MBF activity distribution tests show that most of the active components of the bioflocculant exist in deposition after centrifufation.When pH is 8.5,1%(quality fraction) CaCl2 Solution dosing quantity is 3.5 mL,bioflocculant dosing quantity is 1.5 mL in 100 mL kaolin suspension,the bioflocculant has an optimal flocculation.

Objective To investigate the effect of calcium antagonist verapamil on the function of rat?- cells and tolbutamide (D860)-induced insulin release.Methods Insulin released from isolated islets were measured in control,verapamil,D860,and verapamil+D860 groups.Furthermore,intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) was conducted in acute experiments treated with verapamil and D860 respectively to assess?-cell function in rats with the same allocation as in vitro.Another IVGTT was performed in the end of 4 weeks' treatment.The insulin contents in pancreas were assayed and pancreas islets morphology were observed with immunohistochemistry.Results Verapamil could inhibit insulin release from isolated islets.Verapamil group was [(1.244?0.082)ng?ml~(-1)?islet~(-1)]and control group (2.623?0.226) ng?ml~(-1)?islet~(-1)(P0.05).Also,similar results were obtained in normal rats during acute experiments and verapamil reduce the hypoglycemic effect promoted by D860. However,above results were not observed in the end of 4 weeks experiments,and no difference for insulin content and morphological change in islets was found among four groups.Conclusion Treatment of verapamil chronically does not impair islet function and interfere with the hypoglycemic effect of D860 in rats .

Electromagnetic Fields ; Magnetic Fields ; Microwaves ; adverse effects ; Television

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment on the expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) mRNA in cortex after acute traumatic cerebral injury, and to study the mechanism of HBO on brain injury.

METHODSAcute traumatic brain injury model was established with rest received free fall injury method in SD rats. 0.25 MPa HBO treatment was used 1 h or 12 h after brain injury and the cortex was isolated 6 h or 24 h after brain injury respectively. The expression of mRNA coding for nNOS, eNOS or iNOS were assayed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTSThe expression of nNOS, eNOS and iNOS mRNA were significantly decreased in 0.25 MPa HBO treatment groups than those in acute cerebral injury groups (P < 0.01). The amount of nNOS, eNOS and iNOS mRNA was significantly lower in HBOT 24 h group than those in HBOT 6 h group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). There was no significantly difference among nNOS, eNOS and iNOS mRNA in 0.25 MPa normoxic hyperbaric nitrogen groups and acute cerebral injury groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONHBO may exert significant effects on the expression of nNOS mRNA/iNOS mRNA and protect cortical neuronal from traumatic cerebral injury.

Animals ; Brain Injuries ; metabolism ; therapy ; Female ; Hyperbaric Oxygenation ; Male ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo construct a tetracycline-inducible eukaryotic expression vector containing human hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) cDNA.

METHODSHuman HGF cDNA fragment was obtained by PCR from pUC-SRalpha/HGF plasmid and inserted into the restriction site between Mlu I and Sal I of the tetracycline-inducible eukaryotic expression vector pBI-L. pBI-L-HGF was constructed by DNA recombination in vitro, and was identified by restriction endonucleases digestion and sequencing.

RESULTSThe fragment of pBI-L-HGF digested with restriction endonucleases well corresponded to expectation, and the sequence of inserted HGF cDNA was correct according to the GenBank.

CONCLUSIONThe tetracycline-inducible eukaryotic expression vector of human HGF pBI-L-HGF has been constructed successfully, which allows further study of HGF gene therapy with much safety and easy manipulation.

DNA, Complementary ; genetics ; Eukaryotic Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Hepatocyte Growth Factor ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Humans ; Tetracycline ; pharmacology

In order to study the relationship between lengths of homologous fragments and chromsomic recombination rate in Saccharopolyspora erythraea, three homologous sequences, with mutant loci and different flanking sequences, (26bp + 27bp), (500bp + 576bp) and (1908bp + 1749bp), were synthesized by chemical reaction or PCR amplification, and cloned into pWHM3 to construct homologous recombination plasmids, pWHM1113, pWHM1116 and pWHM1119. When the plasmids were transformed into protoplast of Saccharopolyspora erythraea A226 under PEG mediated, on an average 30, 69 and 170 transformants grew on each plate for the three plasmids respectively, but chromosomic integration frequency were 0, 2% and 19% among corresponding transformants. Both pWHM1116 and pWHM1119 could take double crossover recombination, and exchange the mutant loci in the chromosome. It was concluded that when the flanking sequences were equal or more than (500bp + 576bp), they could take effective single and double recombination with Saccharopolyspora erythraea chromosome.
Chromosomes, Bacterial ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Recombination, Genetic ; genetics ; Saccharopolyspora ; genetics