Objective To assess the application value of REP-PCR in genotyping of candida glabrata strains in clinical pratice. MethodsFrom 2009 to 2010, thirty-eight candida glabrata strains were isolated from Shanghai Ruijin Hospitals, Shanghai Renji Hospital, Shanghai Huashan Hospital, Anhui Medical University Hospital, Shenzhen People's Hospital. Six loci in housekeeping genes (FKS, LEU2,NMT1, TRP1, UGP1 and URA3 ) were amplified and sequenced. The sequences were compared with the MIST database and allele profile and sequence type (ST) were obtained. With primers Ca21, Ca22 and Com21 used to amplify the adjacent variable gene regions,the amplicons were analyzed through electrophoresis to generate different REP-PCR types. Finally, the results of these two genotyping methods were compared. ResultsFor REP-PCR, Ca22-Com21 has the best genotyping effect. REP-PCR and MLST have the same genotyping results. Five REP-PCR types were found in 38 candida glabrsta isolates. Type A,B, C, D and E strains from REP-PCR were genotyped as ST 7, 3, 19, 45 and new type respectively byMIST. REP-PCR saves time compared with MIST. Conclusions REP-PCR offers a simple and rapid method for molecular typing, with similar discriminatory power with MIST. Therefore, REP-PCR can be the preferred choice in laboratory, especially for a large number of isolates.

AIM:To study and compare the outcomes of coaxial 2. 2 mm phacoemulsiflcation with conventional coaxial 3 mm small-incision cataract surgery.
METHODS: A randomized prospective study was conducted on 100 patients with age - related cataract:coaxial 2. 2 mm micro - incision cataract surgery was performed in 50 cases (50 eyes), and coaxial 3 mm small incision cataract surgery was performed in 50 cases ( 50 eyes) . Statistical analysis was takenwith the data of the two groups. Visual acuity, VF and QOL were compared at intervals of 1wk and 3mo after surgery. In addition, surgically induced astigmatism ( SIA ) was analyzed. Statistic analysis was taken by Student's t-test and Chi-square test.
RESULTS:There was no significant difference on BCVA (t=-1. 366, -1. 688; P=0. 148, 0. 107) between these two groups. One week and 3mo after the surgery, SIA was (0. 46±0.29)D, (0. 43±0. 26)D in the 2. 2 group; and (1. 55±0. 59) D, (0. 89±0. 28) D, in 3. 0 group. The differences between these two groups were statistically significant ( t=-7. 348, -3. 788; P = 0. 000, 0. 000 ) There were no statistically significant differences on VF scores between two group, while it's got a better score in 2. 2 groups on vision adaptation. (t=-3. 348, P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION:Coaxial 2. 2mm micro-incision cataract surgery could significantly reduce SIA and obtain morestable status of VF and QOL. This suggests that the coaxial 2. 2 phacoemulsification surgery implanted AkreosMI60 intraocular lens could get earliervisual rehabilitation postoperation.

Objective:To investigate the effects of acupuncture of Shenshu(BL 23),Huiyang (BL 35)and Shenshu(BL 23)plus Huiyang(BL 35)on the main symptoms of unstable bladder (USB)and explore the specificity of different points in treating USB through a clinical randomized controlled trial.Methods:Eighty-nine USB patients were allocated to three groups:Shenshu(BL 23),Huiyang(BL 35)and Shenshu(BL 23)plus Huiyang(BL 35).I-PSS was used as an observation index.The effects were evaluated and a comparison was made between the groups after three and six treatments.Resuits:I-PSS significantly improved in all Shenshu (BL 23),Huiyang(BL 35)and Shenshu(BL 23)plus Huiyang(BL 35)groups of USB patients (P＜0.05).The effect was significantly beaer in the Huiyang(BL 35)and Shenshu(BL 23)plus Huiyang(BL 35)groups than in the Shenshu(BL 23)group(P＜0.05).The efficacy rate was 50.0% in the Shenshu(BL 23)group,82.8% in the Huiyang(BL 35)group and 90.0% in the Shenshu(BL 23)plus Huiyang(BL 35)group.It was significantly higher in the Huiyang(BL 35)and Shenshu(BL 23)plus Huiyang(BL 35)groups than in the Shenshu(BL 23)group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Points Shenshu(BL 23),Huiyang(BL 35)and Shenshu(BL 23)plus Huiyang(BL 35)can all regulate voiding dysfunction and improve quality of life in USB patients.Shenshu (BL 23)plus Huiyang(BL 35)has the most marked therapeutic effect.

Objective To investigate the mechanisms of fluconazole resistance in clinical and experimental induced isolates of C.glabrata.Methods Efflux of rhodamine 6G was performed to evaluate the effects of efflux pumps.The expression levels of transporter genes CDR1,CDR2,SNQ2 and ERG11 were examined by real-time RT-PCR.Meanwhile,sequence of PDR1 was determined by PCR based DNA sequencing.Results Efflux pumps of all fluconazole-resistant isolates had stronger effects than that of susceptible isolates,consistently with significant upregulation of CDR1,but no obvious difference was found in CDR2 or SNQ2.Also,no notable change in the expression level of ERG11 between susceptible and resistant isolates.PDR1 mutations existed in both clinical and experimental induced isolates of C.glabrata,among which P927S,L543P and S947L haven't been reported previously.Conclusion Mutations of PDR1 were induced by fluconazole both in vivo andin vitro,which will result in overexpression of CDR1 and strengthen the effect of efflux pump.

Objective To study the application value of parathyrod in situ exposure and protection in differentiated thyroid cancer thyroid carcinoma (DTC) surgery. Methods 500 cases of DTC admitted from Jan. 2012 to Dec. 2014 were selected for the research. According to whether the parathyroid was anatomically exposed during the surgery, the patients were divided into experimental group (exposed group) and the control group (un-exposed group). Then, depending on tumor extent and risk factors, the experimental group were divided into group E1 (lateral affected glandular lobe, isthmus lobe resection and unilateral VI lymph node dissection )and E2 (total or subtotal thyroidectomy and bilateral VI lymph node dissection), while the control group were divided in-to group C1 (surgical treatment same as E1)and group C2 (surgical treatment same as E2). Patients’ postopera-tive nerve and muscle symptoms were observed, such as clinical manifestations of face, lips, hand and foot numb-ness or convulsions. Both preoperatively and postoperatively, patients’ parathyroid hormone (PTH) and serum calcium level indicators were detected before surgery and at the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 14th and 28th day after surgery. Results The lymph node metastasis rate and number between experimental group and the control group had statistical insignificance (χ2=1.02, 0.79, P=0.14, 0.96). The recurrence rate of the 2 groups had no significant difference during the follow-up (χ2=0.23, P=0.65). Group E1 was significantly lower than Group C1 in postopera-tive parathyroid function decline rate, incidence of hypocalcemia and parathyroid mistakenly cut rate. Group E2 was also obviously lower than Group C2 in all these aspects. The difference had statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusion Parathyrod in situ exposure and protection assisted by direct vision of the magnifying glass can re-duce the mistakenly cut rate of parathyroid and the temporary hypoparathyroidism, which can effectively avoid the adverse effects caused by total thyroidectomy.

There were some shortcomings for traditional teaching mode of nutrition and food hygiene course, such as many teaching contents and little teaching time, students much passively learning and little active learning. We explored the combination of the WeChat and the TBL teaching to conduct the flipped classroom to solve the deficiency. The teaching pattern was conducted in 60 students majoring in preventive medicine from Grade 2012. The learning task of nutrition and food hygiene was released on the WeChat before the class. Students learned knowledge in the form of discussion based on case in the class. After the class, the discussion, answer the question and test were conducted on the WeChat. The survey showed that 85% of the students were satisfied with teaching pattern,especially satisfied with its role of broadening students' knowledge and vision, improving their autonomous learning ability, teamwork ability, and their ability to analyze and solve problems.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical effect of nasal packing of pulmicort respules combined withnasopore after endoscopic sinus surgery. METHOD: A total of 30 CRSwNP and CRSsNP patients with bilateral functional endoscopic sinus surgery and finished following up visit were randomly choosed, conventionally select the left nasal cavity as the experimental group, the right nasal cavity as the control group. Experimental group to pack the nasal cavity with pulmicort respules union nasopore after surgery and control group to pack the nasal cavity with only nasopore after surgery. The differences were observed in patients with subjective symptoms and recovery of mucosa of operative cavity between the two groups after two weeks, one month and three months. RESULT: (1) The postoperative VAS symptoms score about nasal obstruction, nasal secretion, headache, dizziness and distending pain after two weeks,one month and three months in the experiment group were significantly better than those in the control group(P<0.05). (2) The postoperative Lund-Kennedy endoscopic mucosa morphology score after two weeks, one month and three months in the experiment group were significantly better than those in the control group(P<0.05); (3) After three months, the experiment group had 28 cases with clinic symptoms cured(93. 3%), Total effective rate was 96. 6%; The control group had 22 cases with clinic symptoms cured (73. 3%), total effective rate was 93. 3%. The cure rate of the experiment group was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05), but there was no statistic difference between the two groups in the total effective rate (P>0.05). CONCLUSION The application of nasal packing of pulmicort respules combined with nasopore after functional endoscopic sinus surgery can effectively relieve postoperative uncomfortable symptoms, promote recovery of mucosa of perative cavity, which deserves clinical promotion.
Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; administration & dosage ; Bandages ; Budesonide ; administration & dosage ; Endoscopy ; Epistaxis ; Humans ; Nasal Cavity ; Nasal Obstruction ; Paranasal Sinuses ; surgery ; Postoperative Period

0.05) respectively.Conclusion:Distraction osteogenesis can be used for alveolar ridge augment and for the application of dental implant.

Aim: To verify the involvement of transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) in the process of progesterone induced body temperature rise in female rats during their sexual cycle. Methods: The body temperature and progesterone concentration at different stages of the normal female rats' sexual cycle were measured. The ovariectomized rats were given different doses of progesterone and their body temperature were measured. Female rats were administered with RN-1734, a specific antagonist of TRPV4 in the preoptic-anterior hypothalamus area (PO/AH) at the metestrus to observe the change of rats body temperature. Furthermore, RN 1734 was injected into the PO/AH area of ovariectomized rats which were preinjected with progesterone. The effect of progesterone on the body temperature of rats and the fluctuation of body temperature after blocking TRPV4 were observed. Results: There was a positive correlation between body temperature and progesterone doses in female rats at different stages of estrus cycle. In ovariectomized rats, different doses of progesterone were administered, indicating a dose-dependent increase in body temperature. RN- 1734 was injected to PO/AH 2 hours before the maximum body temperature on normal metestrus rats. It was observed that the increase range of body temperature decreased significantly after RN-1734 injection. This study also showed that RN-1734 significantly reduced the increase range of body temperature in ovariectomized rats administered with progesterone. Conclusions: The specific antagonist TRPV4 injected into the thermoregulation center could reduce the increase of body temperature in metestrus of normal rats, suggesting that TRPV4 may be involved in the process of the increase of rat body temperature induced by progesterone.