Objective To investigate the effect of fresh apple pulp on abdominal distention and constipation in patients with tube feeding.Methods 62 patients with tube feeding were divided into the observation group(n=31) and control group(n=31) randomly.The patients in the observation group were given routine enteral nutrition and fresh apple pulp,while those in the control group were given the routine enteral nutrition and rice soup.Results 3 cases developed abdominal distention in the observation group,but 10 cases in the control group(P<0.05).4 cases developed constipation in the observation group,but 12 cases in the control group(P<0.05).Moreover,the duration of abdominal distention and constipation significantly decreased in the observation group compared with those of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Fresh apple pulp can prevent and reduce abdominal distention and constipation in patients with tube feeding.

For systematic scientific management,based on information and,it is the trend to develop a information system that is based on internet technology and dynamic management concept.The system is project-centered,integrating the procedures of application,review,approval,mid-term review,summarization,and assessment.According to the preliminary operation of the system,it is proved effective with anthropic factors much lowered,and the coherence and continuity of the projects and ther reproducibility of data are much guaranteed.

Objective To investigate what kind of obese patients appropriate to adopt the laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding volume reduction surgery.Methods A retrospective study was performed to review the clinical data of 40 patients who required reoperation to remove the gastric banding after LAGB from November 2003 to March 2013 at the Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery,Changhai Hospital.Selected 40 patients who required LAGB from January 2006 to October 2008 as control group.We conducted a case-control study to analyze.Chi-square test and multivariate and non-conditional Logistie regression analysis were used to identify the risk factors of removing of gastric banding.Results Age and gender were not statistically significant different (P ＞ 0.05).Multiple factors of Logistic regression showed that BMI≥35 kg/m2,postoperative clinic visits per year ＜ 3 and on the basis of gastrointestinal disease were risk factors for the removal of gastric banding (Wald =3.908,7.375,5.209,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The risk factors for the removal of gastric banding include BMI,postoperative clinic visits and the basis of gastrointestinal disease.In the treatment of obesity with LAGB should take full account of the above factors.

Aim To investigate the effect of MTX(included(±)MTX,(+)MTX and(-)MTX)on the proliferation of ECV304 cells and to explore its mechanisms.Methods ECV304 cells were cultured.The cell proliferation was determined by MTT.The morphological changes were inspected by inverted microscope.Cell cycle phases were assayed by propidium iodide staining flow cytometry.Results ECV304 cells were treated with(+)MTX,(-)MTX and(±)MTX at 1～150 μmol·L~(-1) for 24,48,72 h.The results showed that the proliferation of ECV304 cells was significantly inhibited under different conditions.The order of the inhibited efficacy was(+)MTX>(±)MTX>(-)MTX.The morphology of ECV304 cells were changed by(+)MTX,(-)MTX and(±)MTX treatment,which included the cell shrinkage,chromatin condensation.After administration of 10 μmol·L~(-1) of(+)MTX,(-)MTX and(±)MTX for 48 h,the cell cycle phases were assayed by propidium iodide staining flow cytometry.The result showed DNA replication was interfered by(+)MTX,(-)MTX and(±)MTX treatment.Conclusions The proliferation of ECV304 cells has the chiral selective effects by(+)MTX and(-)MTX treatment,and the inhibition on ECV304 cells proliferation of(+)MTX is significantly stronger than that of (-)MTX.

Objective To understand the moving patterns of Oncomelania snails, intermediate host of S.japonicum, in the water bodies. . Methods. Based on the biological features of the snails, methods and techniques in relation to hydraulics and silt engineering were adopted to investigate the active scrawl ability and passive movement of the snails. . Results and Conclusion . The scrawl speed of the snails themselves was very low, 2.^45 mm per minute only. The active movement in the water current was therefore almost negligible. The major moving patterns of the snails in rivers and canals were that: 1. Snails adsorbed on different kinds of carriers drifted on the water. 2. Snails suspended on the water and drifted with the current, these were the young snails under 7 weeks of age. Adult snail showed a strong ability of adhesion, 12 times higher than its body weight.

Based on public information on projects of medical and health technology development program in Shandong province,this article analyses the project approvals in Shandong medicine and health technology development program from 2005 to 2009.Characteristics in terms of project category,funding amount,host institution,subject distribution,etc.are presented,so as to provide reference for the relevant policy makers.

In this study, different functional layer formulations and process parameters were used to prepare the levomilnacipran hydrochloride sustained-release capsules, the influence of functional layer formulation and process factors on dose dumping was studied by comparing their release curves in 40% ethanol; and the risk of dose dumping of the self-developed drug was evaluated by the similar factors of the release curve of the self-developed drug and the reference drug.The results showed that as the coating weight increased, the degree of dose dumping decreased; when the concentration of ethanol in the coating liquid solvent was less than 80%, the dose dumping increased; as the atomization pressure and maturation time increase, the dose dumping became more serious. In 0% ethanol (purified water), 5% ethanol, 20% ethanol and 40% ethanol media, the self-developed and reference preparations had the same degree of dose dumping within the specified time, and rotation speed had no significant effect on the release of metformin in vitro. In summary, formulation factors such as coating weight gain, ethanol concentration in the coating solution solvent, and process factors such as atomization pressure and curing time have a serious impact on the dose dumping of sustained-release capsules.Under the optimal functional layer formulation and process, special attention should be paid to the control of risk of self-developed dose dumping.

Fluid shear stress plays an important role in vascular biology. In vivo, endothelial cells are continuously exposed to mechanical shear stress generated by the flowing blood. Previous studies have identified the exposure of vascular endothelial cells to fluid mechanical forces can modulate the expression of many genes involved in vascular physiology and pathophysiology. To investigate the role of fluid shear stress on IL-8 expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), we employed quantitative reversal transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to assay the expression of IL-8 mRNA. Here we show that IL-8 mRNA did not express in HUVECs untreated with fluid shear stress. IL-8 mRNA expression increased when HUVECs exposed to fluid shear stress for 1 h, and it reached the summit when HUVECs exposed to fluid shear stress for 2 h. Then IL-8 expression gradually decreased at 3 h of stimulation by shear stress and remained at a constant level throughout the time course of the study. The increase of IL-8 expression by shear stress was time-dependent. The biphasic response of IL-8 gene expression was found in experiments in which the applied shear stress was 2.23 dyne/cm2, 4.20 dyne/cm2, or 6.08 dyne/cm2. IL-8 gene expression in response to shear stress was very similar to NF-kappa B in response to shear stress. The induction of IL-8 gene expression by fluid shear stress is probably due to the activation of NF-kappa B. This in vitro study demonstrates the expression of IL-8 gene can be regulated by shear stress. Fluid shear stress induces a biphasic response of human IL-8 gene expression in HUVECs. These considerations suggest that IL-8 expression induced by fluid shear stress in HUVECs may play an important role in the genesis and development of both inflammation and arterioatherosclerosis.
Cells, Cultured ; Endothelium, Vascular ; cytology ; metabolism ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Interleukin-8 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Stress, Mechanical

Objective The hearing and speech rehabilitation effects by hearing aid use and cochlear implanta‐tion in hearing -impaired children were compared .Methods A total of infants aged from 6 months to 3 years with severe hearing loss of prelingual nature were included .They were divided into 2 groups :group 1 (18 with hearing aids) and group 2 (14 with cochlear implantation) .There was no significant difference in the degree of hearing loss and age between the 2 groups .They received rehabilitation education of the same content for a year .Their unaided and aided thresholds were tested in sound field while the IT -MAIS was used for evaluating hearing ability of two groups before and after 3 ,6 ,9 ,and 12 months of hearing aid use and cochlear implantation .Results In both groups ,hearing were better in aided conditions than those of in unaided ,while those from the cochlear group were significantly improved at more frequencies than those of the hearing aid group .In general ,the longer use and train‐ing ,the better hearing improvement .The mean scores of auditory performance in the cochlear implantation group at 6 months were significantly higher in comparison with those at 3 months (P<0 .05) .There were significant differ‐ences in mean scores between the two groups at 6 ,9 ,12 months after fitting (P<0 .05) .The verbal ability scores ,hearing and speech rehabilitation levels in the cochlear group were higher than those of in the hearing aid group (P<0 .05) .Conclusion For severe hearing loss children ,cochlear implantation could produce more noticeable effects than hearing aids .

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the therapeutic effect of nasal continuous positive airways pressure (nCPAP) combined with antireflux medicine on obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) with gastroesophageal reflux (GER). METHOD: Sixty patients with moderate to severe OSAHS with GER were simultaneously received PSG and esophageal pH monitoring and randomly divided into control group and treatment group with each group 30 patients. The control group were simply received nCPAP for every night. The treatment group were received the same treatment and combined antireflux medicine, with esomeprazole 40 mg/d and mosapride citrate 5 mg, 3 times a day,oral. Both the groups symptomatic status of OSAHS and GER were observed on the third day and the 14th day during therapy, and then the same tests above were repeated on the 14th day. RESULT: Compared with the control group, the symptomatic improvement rate of OSAHS on the third day and 14th day during therapy,the symptomatic improvement rate of GER on the third day during therapy were increased with statistical significance in the treatment group (P<0.05), however, the difference of symptomatic improvement rate of GER between the two groups on the 14th day during therapy did not have statistical significance (P>0.05). Compared with those of the control group on the 14th therapeutic night, AHI, LSaO2, the percentage of time with pH<4, the longest reflux duration,reflux episodes and DeMeester scoring did not have statistical significance in the treatment group (P>0.05). CONCLUSION nCPAP is the most effective method for patients suffering OSAHS associated with GER, but nCPAP used in conjunction with anti-reflux drugs do not improve efficacy.
Adult ; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ; Female ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; complications ; therapy ; Gastrointestinal Agents ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; complications ; therapy