Objective To investigate motor activity of gastrointestinal tract in patients with slow transit constipation(STC). Methods 42 patients with STC and 20 healthy controls were included in the study. Each subject underwent colonic transit test, gastric emptying, orocecal transit time, electromyography and anorectal manometry. Results According to transit index, 42 STC patients were divided into 3 types: ①0.5

OBJECTIVE To evaluate risk factors of the death among lung cancer patients with nosocomial pneumonia.METHODS A total of 312 lung cancer patients with nosocomial pneumonia in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS Eighty-seven patients died and remaining 225 patients were cured finally.Risk factors by multivariate analysis were more than 62 years old(OR 1.75,95%CI 1.06-2.98),metastatic disease(OR 9.24,95%CI 5.21-16.17),bacteria/fungi infection(OR 2.31,95%CI 1.15-4.67),and lower serum albumin concentration(OR 1.87,95%CI 1.08-3.13).CONCLUSIONS Older,metastatic diseases,double infections and lower serum albumin concentration are the risk factors correlated with the mortality among lung cancer patients with nosocomial pneumonia.

Objective To observe the alteration of duodenogastric reflux after cholecystectomy so as to explore the basis for diagnosis and therapy. Methods Intragastric bile reflux during 24 hours was assessed using ambulatory bilirubin monitoring and 24-hour pH monitoring techniques in 20 cholecystectomy patients, 10 cholelithiasis patients and 15 healthy volunteers. Results Bile reflux and alkaline reflux of cholecystectomy patients did not increase compared with those of cholelithiasis and the control. Conclusion Duodenogastric reflux of patients receiving postcholecystectomy patients does not increase.

Objectives To compare the migrating motor complex (MMC) in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients with that in healthy controls. To explore whether discrete clustered contractions (DCC) are connected with abdominal pain in IBS patients. To improve the method of measuring gastroenteric motility (esp. jejunum). Methods By using 16-channel water-perfused catheter and manometry instruments, MMC in 16 cases of IBS with constipation (IBS-C), 18 cases of IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D) and 18 cases of healthy controls were monitored. Results The MMC durations of IBS-C and IBS-D patients were (127.5±25.5) min and (74.5±18.7) min, respectively. Comparision with those in the control group [(87.5±24.2) min]showed significant differences (P<0. 001). The contraction amplitudes of stage Ⅲ in different sites of IBS-C patients decreased significantly as compared with those in the controls [jejunum, (39.8±11.7) mm Hg vs. (61.1±14.1) mm Hg,P<0.001,1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa]. The propagation velocities of stage Ⅲ in different sites of IBS-C patients also decreased significantly as compared with those in the controls [jejunum, (1.8±0.9) cm/min vs. (2.6±0.8) cm/min,P<0.01].The contraction amplitudes of stage Ⅲ in different sites of IBS-D patients increased significantly as compared with those in the controls [jejunum, (69.7±20.5) mm Hg vs. (61.1±14.1) mm Hg, P<0.01]. The propagation velocities of stage Ⅲ in different sites of IBS-D patients also increased significantly as compared with those in the controls [jejunum, (4.1±2.5) cm/min vs. (2.6±0.8) cm/min, P < 0. 01]. DCC incidences of IBS-C and IBS-D were 87.5% and 88. 8%, respectively. Comperision with those in the normal group (83.3%) did not show significant difference (P>0.05). The prevalences of abnormal stage Ⅲ contractions (include disturbances and interferences of stage Ⅲ contractions) in IBS-C and IBS-D patients were 68.8% and 66. 7%, respectively; there were no significant differences between the two groups (P > 0. 05). However abnormal stage Ⅲ contractions did not exist in healthy controls. Conclusions (1) The MMC of IBS-C and IBS-D patients are changed, as compared with that in healthy people; this implies that small intestinal motility dysfunction is one of the pathogenetic factors of IBS. The abnormal stage Ⅲ contractions in jejunum may be a predominant change in IBS gastroenteric motility. (2) No apparent connection is found between DCC and pain in IBS. (3) By using 16-channel water-perfused catheter, we first carried out the method of monitoring jejunum contractions in China. Parameters of MMC in Chinese healthy people were investigated, esp. those of jejunum.

Objective To study the relationship between the spontaneous nocturnal episodes of alkalinization and the autonomic nerve system function and vagal function. Methods 24-hour intragastric pH was measured and auto nomic and vagal function was measured with the time domain analyses of heart rate variability in 20 patients with functional dyspepsia but without diseases of the cardiovascular system. Results 13 of 20 had the nocturnal episodes of alkalinization. The total 24-hour SDNN and rMSSD were normal in 20 subjects with FD. There was no significant dif ference (P ＞0. 05) in the comparison of the total SDNN and rMSSD of the 2 groups with alkalinization and without alkalinization. The 2 groups both had higher PNN50s in the nocturnal time, and there was no significant difference (P ＞0. 05). Conclusion The results suggest that the total autonomic nerve function and vagal function of patients with FD are normal, vagal activities of the 2 groups are both increased in the nocturnal period. The reason for the nocturnal episodes of alkalinization is not a decrease of vagal activity with a subsequent decrease of secretion.

Objective To improve the quality of the management of the elderly patients with cancer in Sichuan province,and to understand the attitudes and perspectives of elderly surgeons and oncologists for the management and treatment of elderly patients with cancer.Methods A face-toface questionnaire interview was conducted with oncologists (n 64) and geriatricians (n =64).128 physicians were involved in this study.Results The cancer management and therapeutics were deemed appropriate at present by 9.38％ (6/64)of the geriatricians and 25.00％ (16/64)of the oncologists.The 39.06％ (25/64) of geriatricians used to notice geriatric syndromes,while 81.25％ (52/64)of oncologists never concerned about the geriatric syndrome(P=0.011).As for the causes of the therapy-associated toxicity,oncologist versus geriatrician payed an attention to malnutrition (100.00％ vs.100.00％ in both groups),to mobility disorders(65.63％ vs.65.63％,84/128 in both groups),to cognitive impairment/mood disorder (89.06％ in geriatrician group vs.75.00％ in oncologist group,P=0.038).For the factors affecting treatment decisions,a physical ability attention (oncologists vs geriatricians:70.31％ vs.92.19％;P =0.002),and comorbidity (oncologists vs geriatricians:62.50％ vs.79.69％,P =0.032) had statistically significant difference.In addition,lack of geriatrics knowledge was also reported by more oncologists.However,one hundred percent of participants wanted very much to cooperate with each other in their clinical work.When responding to the clinical scenario,the 10.94％ (7/64)of geriatricians and 32.81％ (21/64)of oncologists chose modified treatment for 65-74 years old patient with cancer(P =0.003).When the age of the patients was 75-84 years old,only 12.50 ％ (8/64) of geriatricians prefer end-of-life care,while 31.25 ％ (20/64) of oncologists chose it (P =0.010).Conclusions Selection of treatment decisions in the elderly patients with cancer affect by ageing.Both oncologists and geriatricians are concerned with the elderly patients with cancer,ageing syndrome,total sickness and functional status.And these doctors support an establishment of a multi disciplinary team cooperation for the elderly patients with cancer.Therefore,the establishment of mutual cooperation between the two professionals is necessary and feasible.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between the dose of preoperative neoadjuvant radiotherapy and the pathologic complete response (pCR) rate in patients with locally advanced squamous cell esophageal cancer (ESCC).Methods:Clinical data of 116 patients with ESCC who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by esophagectomy in our cancer center from July 2017 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The radiation doses were divided into 2 ranges based on Grays (Gy) received: 40-45 Gy and 45 Gy or more.Results:The overall pCR rate was 38. 8%(45/116). pCR was observed in 35 out of 80(44%) patients treated with 40-45 Gy and 10 of 36(28%) patients treated with 45 Gy or more. The pCR rate did not significantly differ between two groups [(40-45 Gy) vs.( ≥ 45 Gy), P=0.105)]. Conclusions:Preoperative neoadjuvant radiotherapy with a higher dose (≥ 45 Gy) fails to increase the pCR rate in patients with locally advanced ESCC. Prospective randomized trials are required to determine the optimal dose of preoperative adjuvant radiotherapy.

BACKGROUND: The incidence of symptomatic radiation pneumonitis (RP) and its relationship with dose-volume histogram (DVH) parameters in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients receiving epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) and concurrent once-daily thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) remain unclear. We aim to analyze the values of clinical factors and dose-volume histogram (DVH) parameters to predict the risk for symptomatic RP in these patients. METHODS: Between 2011 and 2019, we retrospectively analyzed and identified 85 patients who had received EGFR-TKIs and once-daily TRT simultaneously (EGFR-TKIs group) and 129 patients who had received concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT group). The symptomatic RP was recorded according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Event (CTCAE) criteria (grade 2 or above). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 26.0. RESULTS: In total, the incidences of symptomatic (grade≥2) and severe RP (grade≥3) were 43.5% (37/85) and 16.5% (14/85) in EGFR-TKIs group vs 27.1% (35/129) and 10.1% (13/129) in CCRT group respectively. After 1:1 ratio between EGFR-TKIs group and CCRT group was matched by propensity score matching, chi-square test suggested that the incidence of symptomatic RP in the MATCHED EGFR-TKIs group was higher than that in the matched CCRT group (χ2=4.469, P=0.035). In EGFR-TKIs group, univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that the percentage of ipsilateral lung volume receiving ≥30 Gy (ilV30) [odds ratio (OR): 1.163, 95%CI: 1.036-1.306, P=0.011] and the percentage of total lung volume receiving ≥20 Gy (tlV20) (OR: 1.171, 95%CI: 1.031-1.330, P=0.015), with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or not (OR: 0.158, 95%CI: 0.041-0.600, P=0.007), were independent predictors of symptomatic RP. Compared to patients with lower ilV30/tlV20 values (ilV30 and tlV20cut-off point values) and COPD had a significantly higher risk for developing symptomatic RP, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.350 (95%CI: 1.190-1.531, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Patients receiving both EGFR-TKIs and once-daily TRT were more likely to develop symptomatic RP than patients receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy. The ilV30, tlV20, and comorbidity of COPD may predict the risk of symptomatic RP among NSCLC patients receiving EGFR-TKIs and conventionally fractionated TRT concurrently.
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/radiotherapy* ; ErbB Receptors/genetics* ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/radiotherapy* ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/adverse effects* ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/complications* ; Radiation Pneumonitis/etiology* ; Radiotherapy Dosage ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUND: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement is a common driver gene of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Ceritinib is a second-generation ALK inhibitor, which can bring survival benefits to ALK-positive metastatic NSCLC. However, few studies focus on the safety and efficacy of ceritinib in China. Therefore, this study intends to investigate the safety and preliminary efficacy of ceritinib 450 mg with meals in Chinese patients with ALK-positive NSCLC through a real world study. METHODS: From October 2018 to December 2019, patients with ALK-positive NSCLC from 8 medical centers in Sichuan province were recruited in this study. All of these participants received ceritinib 450 mg/d with food. The basic characteristics, adverse effects (AEs) and responses were collected and analyzed in order to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ceritinib. RESULTS: A total of 109 patients were included in this study. Data cutoff was January 23, 2020. The median duration of treatment exposure was 5.87 mon (range: 0.4 mon-15.7 mon). Total AEs were reported in 98 (89.9%) of 109 patients and grade 3 or 4 AEs were reported in 22.9% of patients. Most common AEs (mainly grade 1 or 2) were diarrhea (60.6%), elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT)(38.5%) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)(37.6%). As of data cutoff, 45 patients discontinued ceritinib. The overall response rate (ORR) was 37.6% (95%CI: 28.5%-47.4%) and disease control rate (DCR) was 86.2% (95%CI: 78.3%-92.1%). CONCLUSIONS The treatment of ceritinib 450 mg with food for Chinese ALK-positive NSCLC patients had a good safety profile and favorable DCR in real-world setting. However, this conclusion needs to be further verified by large sample, prospective trials.