Object To study the relationship between the essential oil constituents and the chromosome numbers of Houttuynia cordata and compare the difference of the essential oil constituents from the fresh and the dried ones, aerial and underground parts of the fresh plant. Methods The essential oil constituents of H. cordata with different chromosome numbers from the aerial and underground parts of the fresh, and the aerial parts dried in shade as well were analyzed by TLC. Results According to the difference of the spot number and definition of the essential oil TLC pattern, the essential oil constituents in the aerial parts of 20 fresh plants were classified into five types, those in their underground parts into three types, and those in 19 dried plants into four types. Conclusion There is obvious difference in the essential oil constituents between the fresh aerial and underground parts, and between the fresh and dried plants. The difference among the fresh plants is more significant than that of the dried ones. And the difference among the aerial parts of the fresh plants is more significant than that of the underground parts. There is a tendency that the spot numbers increase with the chromosome numbers. The difference of essential oil constituents in H. emeiensis and H. cordata is insignificant.

Objective To investigate the expression of Shh, Ptch, Smo and Gli1 proteins who belongs to components of Hedgehog signaling pathway, and to explore the relationship between the abnormal activated of Hedgehog signaling path?way with renal clear cell carcinoma (RCCC). Methods Protein expressions were examined by immunohistochemistry in 76 cases of human RCCC and 12 pericarcinomatous tissues. And 10 fresh specimens from cancer tissues and pericarcinoma?tous tissues were used to examine expressions of Shh, Ptch, Smo and Gli1 by Western blotting. Results The expressions of examined proteins were higher in RCCC than that in pericarcinomatous tissue. Shh (52.6%vs 8.3%), Ptch (63.2%vs 16.7%), Smo (44.7%vs 8.3%) and Gli1 (60.5%vs 25.0%). The increased proteins levels were disassociated with age, gender, and tu?morous size in RCCC. But it was significantly correlated with TNM stage of RCCC. The expressions were gradually increased with higher TNM stage of RCCC or more invasive malignancy. Conclusion Hedgehog signaling pathway is highly activated in RCCC. It might be involved in initiation, progression of RCCC, and it might be used as the target for RCCC treatment.

Objective To compare the influence of different extraction technology on the pharmacodynamic actions of drug pair of Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae and Radix Paeoniae Alba.Methods The influences of water extraction,alcohol extraction,and SFE-CO2 extraction on pharmacodynamic actions of drug pair of Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae and Radix Paeoniae Alba were evaluated by mice intestine propulsive motility test,rats repelling acute gastric mucosa damage test,mice twisting test and hot-plate test.Results The paired drugs extracted by SFE-CO2 combining with water extraction or alcohol extraction had better pharmacological actions.Conclusion This study provides a scientific basis for optimizing the extraction technology of drug pair of Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae and Radix Paeoniae Alba.

Objective To find out whether NOTCH receptors can serve as direct downstream targets of transforming growth factor β(TGF-β)/Smad4 signaling in endothelial cells.Methods Real-time PCR and Western blotting were performed to verify whether the expression of notch1 and notch4 was regulated by TGF-β pathway.Luciferase reporter assay was employed to investigate how the promoter of notch1 and notch4 was regulated by TGF-β.Then, ChIP assay was used confirm whether the promoter of notch1 and notch4 physically interacted with SMAD protein.Results TGF-β1 and bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) treatment increased the expression of both notch1 and notch4 at the transcriptional level.In addition, SMAD4 was physically associated with the SMAD binding sites on the notch4 promoter, which was largely enhanced under the treatment of TGF-β1 and BMP4.Importantly, TGF-β1 and BMP4 failed to transactivate notch4 in the absence of endogenous SMAD4 or the SMAD binding regions on the notch4 promoter.Conclusion The expression of NOTCH receptor can be directly up-regulated by SMAD4-mediated TGF-β/BMP signaling in cerebrovascular endothelial cells.

Objective To establish a method of determining effective components in Tangzhiqing Capsule.Methods Gin- seng saponin Rg_1,Rb_1,Re and notoginseng saponin R_1 in the capsule were separated and purified by D_(101)macroporous absorption resin,and then determined by HPLC.Results The linearity arrange of ginseng saponin Rg_1,Re,Rb_1 and no- toginseng saponin R_1 were 1.88～11.28?g,1.76～10.56?g,0.294～1.764?g,0.752～2.256?g and the recov- eries were 101.51%(RSD=0.75%),100.58%(RSD=0.46%),100.29%(RSD=1.01%),98.64% (RSD = 0.73%)respectively.Conclusion The method is simple,feasible and reproducible,and can be used for the determination of effective components in Tangzhiqing Capsule.

Objective To study the application of pulmonary angiography and reconstruction techniques with 16-detector row spiral CT in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE) in the elderly.Methods Twenty-four elderly patients with suspected pulmonary thromboembolism received detection of CT and pulmonary artery angiography ( CTPA ) on 16-detector MSCT.Post-reconstruction techniques included maximum intensity projection (MIP), volume rendering (VR)and multiple planar reformation (MPR). Results A total of 161 pulmonary artery thrombi were detected in 24 elderly patients. The direct signs of pulmonary embolism included total occlusion (16.8%, 27/161), partial filling defect (67.7%, 109/161) and central filling defect or track sign (15.5%, 25/161). A total of 161 pieces of pulmonary thrombi were detected in transect image, 153 (95.0%) in MPR, 113 (70.2%) in MIP and 69 (42.9%) in VR. The transect image excelled evidently MIP and VR image in displaying pulmonary thrombi, especially the thrombi in pulmonary lobe and pulmonary artery branch (χ2 =235.36 and 243.41, P＜0.05). Conclusions The 16-detector row spiral CT pulmonary angiography is non-invasive, fast and high sensitive, it should be the first choice for the diagnosis of PE in the elderly.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on alleviating hepatorenal damage caused by combined chemotherapy using cisplatin-based regiments in elderly patients. MethodsAll 40 elderly patients with malignant tumors were randomly divided into AB and BA group in cross-over pattern. In AB group, combination of chemotherapy and NAC was administrated for 10 days first, and then combination of chemotherapy, carnine and vitamin C was given for 10 days. In BA group, combination of chemotherapy, earnine and vitamin C was administrated for 10 days first, and then combination of chemotherapy and NAC was given for 10 days, a cycle was 21 days. The hepatorenal damage degree was observed and the curative effect of NAC on hepatorenal damage was evaluated. ResultsThere were no differences in the levels of alanine aminotransferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST) and serum creatinine(Cr) between pre chemotherapy and post chemotherapy in A cycle[(25.32±5.23) U/L vs. (29.18±5.43) U/L,(29.21±6.51)U/L vs. (32.37±7. 13)U/L, (89.87±19.56)Mmol/L vs. (95.22±20. 60)μmol/L,all P>0. 05] . In B cycle, the levels of ALT,AST and Cr were (56.76±5.53) U/L, (48.83±6.64)U/L and (137.33±21.16)μmol/L post chemotherapy, respectively, which were evidently higher than pre chemotherapy[(26.19 ± 5.51) U/L, (29.95±6.56) U/L and (88.66±18.27)μmol/L,respectively] (all P<0.01) . ConclusionsNAC has better preventive and therapeutic effects on hepatorenal damage caused by the chemotherapeutic drugs in elderly patients with malignant cancer.

To explore the inhibitory effect of hydroxyapatite (HA) particles with different sizes on malignant melanoma A375 cells in vitro, we synthesized 4 short rod-like HA particles using TIPS. Their mean diameters were 998.0 nm (HA1), 511.0 nm (HA2), 244.0 nm (HA3), and 71.6 nm (HA4), respectively. Malignant melanoma A375 cells were co-cultured with HA particles in vitro. Results showed that HA particles smaller than 511.0 nm in mean diameter could always inhibit proliferation of A375 cells, and nanometer-HA particles (HA4) had the strongest inhibitory effect on A375 cell proliferation and the strongest inducing effect on apoptosis. HA particles were distributed in plasma of A375 cells. The ultrastructure changes of A375 cells were found most significant in nanometer-HA particles (HA4) group. We conclude that particle size is a very important influencing factor on anti-tumor effects of HA and that nanometer-HA particle has the strongest inhibitory effect on tumor cell proliferation.
Apoptosis ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Durapatite ; chemistry ; Humans ; Melanoma ; Nanotubes ; chemistry ; Particle Size

AIM: To establish a method for determination of volatile components(? pinene、? pinene、camphor、menthol、isoborneol、borneol、cinnamaldehyde、paeonol and laurocapram)in Liangmiao Honghua Ointment (Radix Zanthoxyli, Flos Carthami, Radix Notoginseng, paeonol, etc.). METHODS: Nine volatile components were isolated and determined on ZB WAX capillary column(30 m?0.25 mm?0.25 ?m) by GC. The column temperature was raised by program, 50 ℃(3 min)→30 ℃?min -1 →120 ℃(5 min)→10 ℃?min -1 →150 ℃ (1 min)→60 ℃?min -1 →230 ℃(12 min). Split stream sampling was applied,split ratio was 20∶1; injection port temperature was 210 ℃; detector: FID, temperature at 250 ℃. RESULTS: The nine volatile components were isolated well. The linearities were fine with the recoveries of 97%-100%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The method is convenient,rapid and accurate.It can be used to control the quality of Liangmian Honghua Ointment.

Objective To study the morphological characteristics of eyes of female Uygur youth for providing the relevant data for eye aesthetic plastic surgery.Methods Compared with 150 cases of Han youth in the same school,the somatological survey was carried out in 150 female Uighur college students with the morphological characteristics of the eyes and good facial harmony.SPSS 17.0 was used for statistical analysis of the measured data in groups divided according to different race.Results 59.3％ (89/150) of the Uighur young women had prominent brow ridges tall nose and superior orbit cave,18.7％ (28/150) of them were similar to the Han type of eye,and 22.0％ (33/150) in between.The rate of epicanthus in Uighur women was 28.0％ (42/150),which was significantly lower than the Han nationality women 62.7％ (94/150).Double eyelid incidence was 96.7％ (145/150),which was significantly higher than that of Chinese Han women 67.3％ (101/150).There was a no statistically significant difference between them in palpebral fissure length inner canthic diameter and outer canthic diameter (P＞0.05),but a statistically significant difference was found in the height of palpebral fissure,the width of double eyelid and the distance between the eyebrow eyelid (P＜0.05).Conclusions The Uighur women's eye morphology has dual characteristics of Caucasoid and Mongoloid.The data have great significance and value in guiding the eye's cosmetic plastic surgery.