Objective To explore ways for expanding the now-limited coagulation volume of percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy(PMCT) in liver in order to enhance the complete necrosis rate of large hepatic tumors with obviously fewer punctures. Methods Fresh pig livers in vitro and rabbit, pig livers in vivo with and without blood supply were coagulated using the self-designed HM-WIA microwave coagulator to make clear antenna length, microwave power, coagulation time and blood flow influence the microwave volume(MCV).Results The device enlarged the MCV by 3 times using single electrode with an antenna of 36 mm in length along with microwave power of 45-55 W and coagulation time of 15-19 min,the short axis of the coagulation area was 5.6 cm in vitro, 5.3 cm in vivo with no blood supply.The antenna 36 mm in length was proved the best in keeping the finest coagulation shape.The MCV was 2.8 times as large without blood supply as with it (P

Objective To investigate the mRNA expression of toll like receptor-9 (TLR9) and interferon regulatory factors-5 (IRF5) of AS2O3 on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients.Methods PBMCs of 15 SLE patients and 15 healthy subjects were treated with different concentrations of AS2O3 and cyclophosphamide (CTX) in vitro.Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify TLR9 and IRF5 gene before and after 12 and 24 hours drug intervention and the mRNA expressions were measured.Differences between groups were analyzed by paired t test or variance analysis.Results The mRNA expression levels of TLR9 [12 h(1.38±0.26) and 24 h (1.28±0.35)] on PBMCs in SLE patients were significantly higher than those in healthy controls [12 h(1.05±0.35) and 24 h (0.97±0.19)](t=2.37,P=0.03; t=2.44,P=0.02).The IRF5 mRNA expression levels [12 h (0.95±0.27) and 24 h (0.91 ±0.35)] in SLE patients were obviously higher than those in healthy controls [12 h (0.62 ±0.23) and 24 h (0.60±0.39)] (t =3.07,P=0.01 ; t =3.45,P＜0.01).AS2O3 could suppress the mRNA expression of TLR9 on PBMCs and the effect was gradually increasing with the increasing concentration of AS2O3 and processing time [0.2 mg/L AS2O3 group 12 h (0.430±0.110) and 24 h(0.290±0.050),0.4 mg/L AS2O3 group 12 h (0.170±0.038) and 24 h (0.090±0.017),0.8 mg/L AS2O3 group 12 h (0.023±0.011) and 24 h (0.003±0.001)].Comparing with CTX [12 h (0.814±0.081) and 24 h(0.755±0.139)],AS2O3 had a more significant strong effect on inhibiting the expression of TLR9 mRNA in SLE patients [F=165.32(12 h),P＜0.01; F=99.20 (24 h),P＜0.01].The mRNA expression of IRF5 on PBMCs was not suppressed by AS2O3 and CTX and there was no statistically significant difference between groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion There is abnormal expression of IRF5 and TLR9 mRNA in SLE patients.AS2O3 may suppress the TLR9 mRNA expression in SLE patients,which may be one mechanism of clinical effectiveness.

ObjectiveTo analyze the clinicopathologic features of hereditary cutaneomucosal venous malformation (VMCM) in a Chinese family.MethodsFamily history was investigated in a family with VMCM,and tissue specimens were obtained from the lesions of the proband and subjected to histopathological analysis.ResultsAmong 65 members from 5 generations of the family,19 were affected by VMCM,hinting an autosomal dominant inheritance.None of the family members experienced gastrointestinal bleeding,central nervous system disorders,or cardiac defects.Affected individuals usually presented with multiple irregularly sized,blue-violet,elevated and slightly indurated masses located in the oral mucosa and subcutaneous tissue of the extremities.Pathological analysis showed malformed veins with abnormally dilated cavities and irregularly thickened walls.Although small veins were abnormally proliferating and clustered,there was no endothelial discontinuity.The smooth muscle layer was thickned in a varying degree or absent.ConclusionA diagnosis of VMCM is made according to the inheritance manner,clinical manifestation and pathological findings.