[Objective]To observe the relationship between children pneumonia signs and types.[Method] Make analysis on TCM syndromes of 190 cases of children pneumonia,observe the difference among all syndromes.[Result] The syndrome of phlegm heat blocking lung is featured with fever,heavy cough,much sputum,red tongue,yellow greasy moss,slippery and quick pulse/purple and stagnant finger mark;the syndrome of wind heat with fever,heavy cough,snuffle and runny nose,red tongue,thin and yellow moss,shallow and quick pulse/ purple and shallow finger mark;qi deficiency of lung and spleen with impotent cough,much sputum,pale face,light tongue,white and greasy moss,thin pulse/light red or stagnant finger mark.[Conclusion] The fever,cough sound,sputum spitting or phlegm block degree,nose symptoms,face color,tongue and pulse(finger mark) have much influence on types classification,being the key indexes in differentiation of signs.

Objective To study the mechanism and difference of fractured vertebral body’ s prevertebral height recovery following different methods of reduction. Methods A L 1 compressed fracture model was produced by modified Gepstein method with wet human spinal specimens(T11-L 3); the model was reduced by hyperextension, longitudinal extension and device reduction respectively. The measured parameters including the changes of prevertebral height, the changes of anterior longitudinal ligament strain and the changes of vertebral disc’ s height; segments including upward and downward of the fractured vertebral bodies were observed. Results The prevertebral height recovery platform stage happened in all the three methods of reduction. There is no significant difference between the prevertebral heights in the maximum experimental load; the prevertebral height increased first and stayed stationary later in the hyperextension reduction procedure; in the device reduction process, the prevertebral height stayed stationary at first and dereased later. Conclusion The prevertebral heights increase is not unlimited between different reduction process of L 1 fracture, and it is limited by spinal anatomy on the late phase of reduction. Knowing these features is useful for us to treat the patients and improve the devices.

[Objective]To investigate the treatment effects of the anatomical plate on proximal humeral fractures and analyze the structural characteristics of the plate clinically.[Method]From June 2003 to June 2005,comminuted fractures of the proximal humerus of 32 patients(18 males and 14 females,with average age of 39 years)were treated with anatomical plates.Fractured proximal humerus was exposed by a standard deltopectoral approach after a dissection from the deltoid and pectoral muscle.Anatomical plates were placed on lateral sides of the humerus after reduction.The arm was immobilized in a sling,passive movement was begun on the first day after surgery,and active movement of the shoulder was started after three week.Active movement with resistance was allowed when there was radiological evidence of bone healing which usually occurred after six weeks.The patients were reviewed clinically and radiologically.[Result]All 32 patients were available at follow up with mean duration of 20 months (7~28 months).No complications such as nonunion of fractures,infection,the loosening and breakage of the plate were ever occurred.The clinical results were graded as excellent in 21 patients,good in 7,fair in 2,and poor in 2 according to the Neer's classification.The excellent and good rate was 87.5%.[Conclusion]Anatomical plate for the proximal humerus holds a 3-dimensional structure,which facilitates the fracture exposure,bone fragments reduction and fixation.It is concluded that rigid fixation of displaced fractures of the proximal humerus with an anatomical plate provides sufficient primary stability to allow early functional treatment.And is advocated that primary open reduction and rigid internal fixation using anatomical plates for the proximal humerus fracture.

[Objective]To explore the operating methods and key points of bysteel-wire guiding fixative steel-wire repearing tibial intercondylar eminence avulsion fractures under arthroscope.[Method]From February 2006 to August 2006,14 patients with tibial intercondylar eminence avulsion fractures were treated in bysteel-wire guiding fixative steel-wire method.Among them,there are 9 males and 5 females with an average age of 32.6 years,aged from 5 to 40 years.Injury cause:7 of road accident,5 of falling down while moving and 2 of falling from height.The results of preoperative x-Ray and Artoscan of all patients suggested the avulsion fracture of anterior cruciate ligament from the tibial spine.In the operation,firstly,fixative steel-wire cross the avulsion fracture tendon-bone joint zone.Then,make each side of avulsion fracture a bone tunnel on the tibial plateau.Finally,guide fixative steel-wire out of these two bone tunnels and then fix this steel-wire with the help of guiding steel-wires.After operation,fix the knee joint with plaster slab bended at 20? in three or four weeks.Remove the plaster slab and do functional exercise after 4 weeks.And move with walking stick 8 weeks later.[Result]All 14 patients were available at follow up with mean duration of 10.5 months.The X-Ray suggested bone healed at about 5.5 months after operation.We got the excellent in 8 cases,good in 4 and fair in 2 according to the advanced Lyshdm's classification at the last follow up.The excellent and good rate was 85.1%.[Conclusion]The technique needn't traditional cut,and has many advantages,such as micro injury,rapid recovery and few complications.And it is good to master the main points of this technique for applying it.

[Objective]To investigate the protective effects of rhEPO on neuromotor function and apoptosis of neural cell,after it was peritoneally injected at different time in rats with traumatic spinal cord injury(SCI).[Method]A total of 48 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats weighting 270 ?10 g were randomly divided into four groups.Rats in normal group(n=6)and sham group(n=6)underwent laminectomy producure only.In control group,rats(n=18)received normal saline epidurally at 1,6 and 24 hours after injury.Treatment group(n=18)received 5000 iu/kg body weight of recombinant humane erythropoietin administered epidurally at 1,6 and 24 hours after injury.SCI was induced with 70g/cm impact according to the improved Allen method.Behavioral evaluation of the rats was made 48 hours after trauma using the Basso,Beattie,and Bresnahan(BBB)scoring system and Rivlin's tiltboard experiment.Injured spinal cord tissue cell apoptosis was examined by the terminal deoxynucleotidal transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end abeling(TUNEL)reaction at 48 hour.Fasl and Caspase-3 expression was determined by immunohistochemical analysis at 48 hours after injury.The results were observed by light microscope and analyzed by SPSS statistics software.[Result]Compared to the control group,neuromotor function was significantly improved at 1,6,and 24 hours after injury in the experiment group.The indexes of neural cell decreased significantly(P

[Objective]To explore the operating methods and rudimental clinical effects of reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) with the ligament advancement reinforcement system(LARS) artificial ligaments under arthroscope.[Method]Since June of 2006,15 patients(11 males and 4 females,with an average age of 26.8 years)with acute ACL rupture have been treated with the LARS artificial ligaments.The results of preoperative Arto-scan of all patients suggested discontinuation of ACL.The average score of Lysholm on knee joint was 50 points.The operations were completed under arthroscope.Bone tunnels of the femur were located at the central point of arc on the medial surface of ectocondyle of 140 degree.Bone tunnels of tibia were located between the medial and lateral condyle on the tibial plateau、2-4 mm to summit line of fossa intercondylica.The diameter of the bone tunnels was 7.5 mm while that of LARS ligament and hollow crushing screw were 8 mm.[Result]All 15 patients were available for follow-up with an average of 18 months.No postoperative complications such as infection,ligament rupture,ligament loosening occurred.The clinical results were graded as being excellent in 8 patients,good in 5 and fair in 2 according to the Lysholm's classification.The excellent and good rate was 86.6%.[Conclusion]The anatomical reconstruction and the stability of the knee joint can be obtained after ACL reconstruction with LARS artificial ligaments.The operation under arthroscope has advantages of less-injury,rapid recovery and satisfactory curative effect.

Recent researches have revealed that iron-overload could lead to osteoporosis and bone morphogenetic protein 6(BMP-6)could enhance the expression of hepcidin. Therefore, it is believed that BMP-6 might play a key role in the treatment of such kind of osteoporosis. This paper focuses on the newest papers regarding the relationship between BMP-6 and iron-overload osteoporosis in order to lay a foundation for further research on the osteoporosis induced by iron overloading.

[Summary] Osteoporosis in elderly women are commonly accompanied by elevated levels of ferritin. Abnormal iron metabolism plays a key role in the progress of osteoporosis. Research on bone metabolic disorders caused by iron accumulation remains at the exploratory stage, including NF-κB pathway in differentiation of osteoclasts. A review on the relationship between NF-κB pathway and osteoporosis induced by iron accumulation is herewith presented, with a view to provide further ideas for transforming the clinical outcomes.

Objective To examine the short-and middle-term efficacy and refracture rate in patients with thoracolumbar fracture having percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) and determine their correlation with the severity of osteoporosis.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 247 patients with thoracolumbar fracture undergone PKP from January 2008 to February 2014.Mean age of the patients (94 males and 153 females) was 63.2 years (range,50-81 years).Ground-level falls occurred in 119 patients,traffic injuries in 72 patients and high falls in 56 patients.The patients were assigned to osteopenia group and osteoporosis group based on the preoperative bone mineral density.Visual analogue score (VAS),Roland-Morris disability survey scale (RDQ),vertebral compression rate,kyphotic Cobb angle and refracture rate were recorded before and after operation.Efficacy in correlation with the severity of osteoporosis was evaluated.Results Mean duration of follow-up was 24.3 months (range,18-36 months).Three days after operation,VAS descended from (7.7 ± 2.1) points to (4.3 ± 1.1) points in osteopenia group and from (7.7 ± 2.0) points to (4.2 ± 1.5) points in osteoporosis group (P ＜ 0.05);RDQ descended from (21.2 ± 1.5) points to (10.4 ± 2.5) points in osteopenia group and from (20.8 ± 1.9) points to (11.2 ± 1.7) points in osteoporosis group (P ＜ 0.05);rate of vertebral body compression descended from (42.2 ± 10.5) ％ to (3.2 ± 0.5) ％ in osteopenia group and from (46.2 ± 12.7) ％ to (2.9 ± 0.8) ％ in osteoporosis group (P ＜ 0.05);kyphotic Cobb angle descended from (21.2 ± 9.5) ° to (7.2 ±2.4) °in osteopenia group and from (23.1 ± 8.9) ° to (7.1 ± 2.6) ° in osteoporosis group (P ＜ 0.05).Three years after operation,all the parameters remained better than these before operation,with the value higher in osteoporosis group than in osteopenia group (P ＜ 0.05).Rate of refracture was higher in osteoporosis group after operation,compared to that in osteopenia group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The clinical short-term result is satisfactory,but refracture rate is increased with the osteoporosis aggravation.Targeting osteoporosis therapy is important to obtain a better mid-term results.

Objective To investigate the changes of serum osteocalcin and bone micro-structure in ovariectomized mice exposed to low-iron environment.Methods Twenty-four 12-week-old female C57BL/6 mice were divided equally into sham operation (SHAM) group,model(OVX) group,and low iron(OVX+DFO) group.In low-iron group,deferoxamine(DFO) was injected 3 times per week for 5 weeks after operation ; the other groups were injected with the same dose of 0.9％ normal saline for 5 weeks.The serum,left femur,uterus were harvested after five weeks of treatment.The serum osteocalcin and ferritin levels were measured by ELISA kit,the weight of the uterus was recorded by analytical balance.A high resolution micro-CT was used to scan the left femur for cortical bone and cancellous bone analysis.Results (1) The serum osteocalcin and serum ferritin levels in low-iron group were significantly lower than those in the other 2 groups (P＜0.01) ; (2) Compared with the sham group and ovx group,there were significant decrease of the BMD、BV/TV and Tb.N,but increase of Tb.Th and Tb.Sp in low-iron group (P＜0.01).Conclusion A certain dose of DFO (30 mg/kg) can decrease the serum ferritin levels as well as the bone formation index in ovariectomized mice.