BACKGROUND:Compared with organic fluorescent dyes and fluorescent proteins, rare earth nanomaterials have higher sensitivity, better optical stability, and lower cytotoxicity. OBJECTIVE: To investigate thein vitro cytocompatibility of (Y0.95Eu0.05)2O3 METHODS:(Y rare earth nanomaterial and the effect of amine functionalization on the material cytocompatibility. 0.95Eu0.05)2O3 nanomaterials were synthesized using sol-gel method, and underwent amine functionalization. Amine-functionalized samples (10, 25, 50, 100, 200 mg/L) and non-amine-functionalized (Y0.95Eu0.05)2O3 rare earth nanomaterial suspensions were co-cultured with vascular smooth muscle cels of Sprague-Dawley rats for 3 days. Cel proliferation was detected using Cel Counting Kit-8 assay. 100 mg/L amine-functionalized samples and non-amine-functionalized (Y0.95Eu0.05)2O3 rare earth nanomaterial suspensions were co-cultured with L929 cels for 48 hours. Cel apoptosis was observed using fluorescence staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:With increased mass concentration of material suspension, survival rate of vascular smooth muscle cels was gradualy reduced. At the mass concentration of 10, 25, 50 mg/L, cel survival rate was significantly higher in the amine-functionalized group than in the non-amine-functionalized group (P < 0.05). When the mass concentration of materials reached 200 mg/L, the cel survival rate decreased to 76% in the non-amine-functionalized group, but it was stil above 80% in the amine-functionalized group, showing significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.05). The growth of L929 cels was good and the number of apoptotic cels was less in the amine-functionalized group. Cels were sparse and the number of cel apoptosis was more in the non-amine-functionalized group, showing slight cytotoxicity. These data verified that amine-functionalization can improve cytocompatibility of (Y0.95Eu0.05)2O3 rare earth nanomaterial.

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading causes of death globally,which kill more each year than all other causes combined.It is estimated that 63％ of global total deaths were due to NCDs.Nearly 80％ of NCD deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries.China contributes the largest number of NCD patients and deaths.NCD rates have been increasing at an alarming rate over the past two decades in China and many other countries.Population-wide interventions can help reduce NCD burden and can be cost effective.Improved health care,early detection and timely treatment are also needed for reducing the impact of NCDs.Strong government commitment,adequate investment,and extensive involvement and collaboration of multiple diverse social sectors with health sectors are critical to fight the NCD burden in all countries,especially in low- and middle-income countries.

Objective To investigate the effect of tigecycline on serum procalcitonin and its efficacy in the treatment of elderly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and nosocomial infection. Methods 82 elderly patients with COPD with nosocomial infection were selected and randomly divided into two groups with 41 cases of each group, the control group received routine treatment combined with cefoperazone and sulbactam, and the experimental group received routine treatment combined with tigecycline, 2 weeks for a course of treatment. The serum inflammatory factors and laboratory related indexes, clinical efficacy and bacterial clearance were compared after the treatment. Results Compared with control group, the levels of serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interluekin 6(IL-6) and tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α) were significantly lower, and the serum levels of PCT and NO were lower(P < 0.05). The total efficacy of experimental group was 90.24%, which was higher than 70.73% in control group (P<0.05). The bacterial clearance rate in the control group was 63.42%, which was lower than the experimental group of 87.80% (P < 0.05). Conclusion Tigecycline in the treatment of COPD and nosocomial infection in elderly patients is curative effective and it can reduce the serum levels of PCT, NO and inflammatory factors with high safety.

AIM: To investigate the effects of angiotensinⅡ receptor type Ⅰ antagonist irbesartan and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor perindopril on the myocardial expression of connexin 43 (CX43), desmin and cardiac troponin T (cTnT) in the pressure overload-induced rat cardiac hypertrophy. METHODS: 40 male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups (8 animals for each): sham operation group and other four groups with ventricular hypertrophy caused by banding aortic artery. Drugs were given one week after operation as follows: sham operation group, normal saline (2 mL?kg~-1?d~-1 ig) was given; Operative groups: animals with ventricular hypertrophy were treated with normal saline 2 mL?kg~-1?d~-1 ig; Treatment groups: animals with ventricular hypertrophy were treated with perindopril 2 mg?kg~-1?d~-1 ig, irbesartan 20 mg?kg~-1?d~-1 ig or irbesartan 20 mg?kg~-1?d~-1 ig plus perindopril 2 mg?kg~-1?d~-1 ig, respectively. Left ventricular mass index (LVMI), transverse diameter of myocardial cell (TDM), and myocardial expression of CX43, desmin and cTnT by immunohistochemistry were performed at the end of 8 weeks of drug intervention. RESULTS: LVMI, TDM were remarkably decreased after drug intervention, compared to animals of operative group (P

Objective To investigate the expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase(nNOS) and heme oxygenase-2(HO-2) in colon after stress in rats. Methods Water immersion-restraint stress(WRS) model was performed.The expressions of nNOS and HO-2 in colon of rats were examined by immunohistochemical staining and analysed by image analysis system. Results In control group rat,nNOS immune-positive substance mostly expressed in neurons of submucous plexus and myenteric plexus and HO-2 mostly expressed in lamina propria mucosal muscles of colon mucosa,circular muscles of colon and the endothelium and smooth muscle cells of submucosal bloodvessels.Compared with control group rat,the average gray value of nNOS positive neurons in submucous plexus and myenteric plexus and the average number of nNOS positive neurons increased significantly,the average gray value of HO-2 positive mucosal muscles and the positive unit(PU) of circular muscles increased in stress group rat,moreover,nNOS expression in mucosal epithelial cells and lamina propria lymphocytes and HO-2 expression in some large intestinal glands were observed.Compared with stress group rat,the average gray value of nNOS positive neurons in submucous plexus and myenteric plexus and the average number of nNOS positive neurons decreased in stress +L-NAME group,the average gray value of HO-2 positive mucosal muscles and the PU of circular muscles decreased in stress +ZnPP group.Conclusion Both nitric oxide(NO) and carbon monoxide(CO) are important gaseous signal molecules and neurotransmitters in colon of rats and may play a cooperative role in colonic functional disorder induced by WRS.

Objective To detect the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) in human colon of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS), aim at finding out the role of gas messenger molecule such as nitric oxide(NO) and carbon monoxide(CO) in the pathogenesis of IBS. Methods The expression of iNOS and HO-1 in human colonic tissue specimen of enteroscope was detected by En vision and SABC immunohistochemistry each in 34 cases of IBS and 16 cases of normal control group. Results The expression of iNOS and HO-1 expressed mainly in the colonic mucous membrane epithelia, and the expression in IBS group was higher than that in normal control group(P

AIM: To investigate the correlation between renal transforming growth factor-?1 (TGF-?1) expression and cellular apoptosis, and effect of tea polyphenols (TP) on TGF-?1 expression and apoptosis. METHODS: Four group animals in a rat model of CsA-induced chronic nephrotoxicity were respectively treated by vehicle (olive oil, 0.1 mL?kg~(-1)?d~(-1), sc), TP (80 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1), ig), CsA (15 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1), sc) and TP (80 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1), ig) plus CsA (15 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1), sc). At the end of 28th day of treatment, renal creatinine clearance and tissue pathology were analyzed. The TGF-?1 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. TUNEL assay, apoptosis-related enzymatic activity caspase-3 were also detected. RESULTS: Compared to CsA-treated rats, the animals treated with CsA plus TP showed a significant increase in the renal creatinine clearance (0.12?0.03 vs 0.22?0.02,P

With the rapid development of new technologies and global trade and increasing collaboration among countries worldwide,public health has become a global issue.Global health,as a new discipline,has been drawing more attention from both academia and governments.The Belt and Road (B&R) Initiative,proposed by China in 2013,aims to promote trade and resource exchange,including education,research,and health issues,with over 60 countries in Asia,Africa,and Europe.The B&R Initiative provides good opportunities for involved countries to address health problems jointly as well.In response to the B&R Initiative and to promote international collaboration on global health issues,"The 2017 Belt and Road Initiative Global Health International Congress & 2017 Chinese Preventive Medicine Association-Chinese Society on Global Health Annual Meeting" was held on September 24-27,2017 in Xi'an,China.Thus far,this is the largest high-quality international conference held in China that focused on the B&R Initiative global health issues.This article summarizes the background,key sessions and topics covered during the congress,important events and highlights different perspectives of the B&R Initiative and global health by invited experts from China and abroad.The conference included 17 sessions (3 keynote speech forums and 10 scientific sessions,3 young scholar forums,and a research poster session) and about 100 speakers,around 40 of which were leading experts outside of China.All the major sessions were held in English.More than 40 leaders and experts of health sectors from 13 countries presented their work in the congress.Approximately 400 delegates from 29 countries attended the congress.Delegates had extensive discussions about global health related issues,future cooperation and development in global health.The congress fostered international exchange and collaboration.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of spearmint oil on emphysema-like changes and the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1beta(IL-1beta), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-9) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treated rats.

METHODEmphysematous changes model was induced by intratracheal instillation of LPS once a week for up to 8 weeks in rats. Rats were divided into control, dexamethasone (0.3 mg x kg(-1)), and spearmint oil (10, 30,100 mg x kg(-1)) groups. Each group was treated with saline, dexamethasone, and spearmint of oil respectively for 4 weeks. Then total and different white blood cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) were carried out. The pathologic changes of lung tissue such as alveolar structure, airway inflammation, and goblet cell metaplasia were observed by HE and AB-PAS staining. Expression of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, TIMP-1 and MMP-9 were measured.

RESULTBoth spearmint and dexamethasone decreased the destruction of pulmonary alveolus. The total and different white blood cell counts in BALF including neutrophile and lymphocyte of spearmint oil 100 mg x kg(-1) and dexamethasone group were significantly reduced, and the goblet cell metaplasia was also inhibited. Dexamethasone had inhibitory effect on the expression of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, TIMP-1 and MMP-9. Spearmint oil 30, 100 mg x kg(-1) significantly reduced TNF-alpha and IL-1beta respectively. Spearmint oil 10, 30 and 100 mg x kg(-1) had no effect on the expression of TIMP-1, but could decrease the expression of MMP-9 significantly in lung tissues.

CONCLUSIONSpearmint oil has protective effect on rats with emphysematous changes, since it improves alveolar destruction, pulmonary inflammation, and goblet cell metaplasia. The mechanism may include reducing TNF-alpha, IL-1beta content and inhibiting overexpression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in lung tissues.

Animals ; Azo Compounds ; pharmacology ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; cytology ; Goblet Cells ; drug effects ; Interleukin-1beta ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Leukocytes ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Lymphocytes ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Mentha spicata ; chemistry ; Metaplasia ; Monocytes ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Neutrophils ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Oils ; therapeutic use ; Pulmonary Emphysema ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; enzymology ; pathology ; Rats ; Respiratory System ; drug effects ; pathology ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; drug effects ; metabolism

With an increasing proportion of sedentary lifestyle related chronic diseases, an efficient way to help fight the growing world epidemic of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and promote public health in a fast-changing world is urgently needed. Exercise and medicine science have played an important role in prevention and control of NCDs. However, the current status and future development directions regarding the integration of exercise science and medicine (IESM) in China have not been well discussed. During 2017 Belt and Road Initiative Global Health International Congress & 2017 Chinese Preventive Medicine Association-Chinese Society on Global Health Annual Meeting, Xi'an Jiaotong University Global Health Institute, and the Integration of Sport and Medicine Innovation Research Center, China Institute of Sport Science organized the IESM Forum on September 27. Six leaders and experts from China and abroad presented excellent research reports in the IESM Forum from several aspects. Experts reached a consensus at the end of their discussions that, in the near future, the IESM will be a key part of a sustainable health care system and as such should contribute to prosperity in China and around the world. However, Abstract compared with European, American and Japanese universities, the development of the IESM in China is in its early stages with huge development potential.