Fox family transcription factors have crucial biology functions,including the regulation of proliferation,differentiation and tumorigenesis.Deregulation of Fox proteins expression may act as both oncogenes and tumor suppressors,the relevant researches have been paid more and more attentions.Here,this review focuses on the roles of Fox family genes in oncogenesis from the articles published recently.

Surgery is an important way to treat patients with primary hyperparathyroidism.Recently,conventional bilateral neck exploration is substituted with minimal invasive surgeries gradually due to the development of the technology of pre/intro-operative localization.Video-assisted surgery is one of the minimal invasive surgeries.It includes video-assisted parathyroidectomy and total endoscopic parathyroidectomy.This article summarize the literatures of treatment of primary hyperpatathyroidism with video-assisted surgery in this article.

Objective To explore the clinical effects of Kugel surgical treatment for inguinal hernia.Methods Operative time,chornic pain,complications and charges of 355 patients with inguinal hernias were analyzed retrospectively.Results Recurrences occurred in 1 patient,during a mean followl-up of 36 months (range:7-85).The average operation time was 35.4 min (range:20-130),average surgical charges were 6 253 yuan.Postoperaive chronic pain appeared in 6 patients.There are 3 cases of sermoa,1 case of haematoma and 2 case of wound infection.Conclusion The Kugel inguinal hernia repair is safe and effective,with the advantage of mild pain and prompt recovery after operation,and a low risk of complications and recurrence.

Sporadic parathyroid adenomas are the most common cause of primary hyperpamthyroidism,The molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of sporadic parathyroid adenomas are incompletely understood and early specifical diagnosis is lack.With the development of molecular biological technology,gene research in parathyroid adenoma has made great progress.This article reviewed the changes at the molecular level.

Objective To evaluate the outcomes of umbilical hernia repairing in adults.Methods Forty-nine cases of umbilical hernia admitted between 2003 and 2008 were analyzed retrospectively.Opera-tive techniques included traditional repair (n = 14),Kugel patch (n = 21) and mesh plug-patch (n = 14).Results The operative time of traditional repair was shorter than those for patients who underwent Kugel patch hernioplasty or mesh plug-patch hemiorrhaphy.But the pain was significantly higher.With a follow-up of 1 -6 years,whereas no recurrence was documented for the tension-free hemiorraphy,but a case recurred for traditional repair.Conclusion Tension-free hemiorraphy is a safe,efficacious and lower complications technique for the repair of umbilical hernia.

Nude mice can be used as important animal models to study thyroid cancer because of their deficiency of immunitv,The model is helpful study the sensitivity of thyroid cancer to drugs.The tumor cells may come from primary tumor tissue,or from the cell lines existed.There are three methods to transplant the tumor,including orthotopic transplantation,heterotopic transplantation and tail vein injection.

Objective To investigate the differentially expressed genes in sporadic parathyroid adenomas using genechip and provide basis for further studying the mechanism and diagnosis of sporadic parathyroid adeno-mas. Methods Total RNA was extracted from normal parathyroid tissues and adenomas tissues. The mRNA was used to prepare probes. The mixed probes were hybridized to the cDNA microarray. After washing, the DNA chips were scanned by laser scanner. The acquired image was analyzed. Results Among the 47 000 target genes, 2302 genes were identified in sporadic parathyroid adenomas tissues that had at least two-fold changes compared to normal parathyroid tissues, and 1012 genes up-regulated and 1290 down-regulated were found in this study. Of 10 genes up-regulated and 27 down-regulated, the changes were over five-fold. The function of these changed genes was involved in transport, cell adhesion, signal transduetion, transcription, ion binding and so on. Conclusions Many parathyroid adenomas associated genes have been screened by high-throughout gene chip method, Which may help to identify the mechanism and diagnosis of sporadic parathyroid adenomas.

Objective To investigate the feasibility and effects of minimally invasive video-assisted parathyroidectomy(MIVAP)for parathyroid adenoma or cyst.Methods A 2 cm skin transverse incision was made above the suprasternal notch.Without gas insufflation,a cavity was built with retractors.Under endoscopic assistance,parathyroidectomy was performed by using a harmonic scalpel(3 cases of nonfunctioning parathyroid cyst and 7 cases of parathyroid adenoma accompanying hyperparathyroidism).Results The operation was successfully accomplished in all the 10 cases,without conversions to open surgery.The operative time was 20～70 min(mean,40 min).No hoarseness,choking cough,or hemorrhage occurred.A transient hypocalcemia developed in 3 cases.All the patients were followed for 2～18 months(mean,9 months),with satisfactory curative and cosmetic results.Conclusions Minimally invasive video-assisted parathyroidectomy appears to be a safe and effective treatment with good cosmetic results and postoperative outcomes.

Objective To investigate the causes of acute intestinal obstruction aquired operation and to summer our diagnostic and therapeutic experience.Method Retrospective study was undertaken.Results Operations were performed on total 69 patients with acute intenstinal obstruction without perioperative death.Most common causes were malignant tumors 23 (33%), adhension 17(25%).The diagnosis mainly depend on typical history, physical examination and plain abdominal radiographs(in 90% patients) while sonography and CT were helpful in 30% patients. Laparotomy was performed on 56 cases after failure of conservative therapy including traditional medicine. Main operations included enterolysis in 18 cases, enterectomy in 14, colonstomy in 9, colonectomy in 13, enterolithotomy in 6.Conclusion Among numerous causes of acute intenstinal obstruction, malignant tumors and adhensions appear to be the most common initial diseases. Typical data from history, physical examination and plain abdominal radiographs are keys to diagnosis and treatment of acute intenstinal obstruction. CT and Sonography are valuable diagnostic procedures in some patients. Active laparotomy and appropriate operation should be considered if conservative therapy has not succeed.

Objectives:The effects of parenteral and enteral nutrition combined Octreotide on pancreatic secretion of patients with pancreatic fistula were compared. Methods:Pancreatic juice,drained directly from the pancreatic fistula,was collected before and after using Octreotide,and volume,bicarbonate,protein,amylase,HCO - 3,K +,Na + and Cl - were measured. Results:No differences in exocrine pancreatic secretion were observed between the enteral and parenteral methods of feeding.There were significant decreases in pancreatic secretion volume,bicarbonate,protein,amylase,HCO - 3,K +,Na + and Cl - after using Octreotide( P