Objectives: We examined the effects of Toki-shigyaku-ka-goshuyu-shokyo-to on chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve as a neuropathic pain model in rats.
Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: group 1, no constriction and no medication (n=8); group 2, constriction without medication (n=8); group 3, constriction with medication (n=8). On each group we performed thermal stimulation tests for pain measurement before the operation and 7 and 14 days after the operation. We also measured body temperature at the tympanum and the planta.
Results and conclusions: A significant increase of pain was observed at 7 and 14 days after constriction in group 2. Toki-shigyaku-ka-goshuyu-shokyo-to relieved their pain 14 days after constriction. Furthermore,
Toki-shigyaku-ka-goshuyu-shokyo-to warmed their feet significantly, while chronic constriction injury induced coldness in the constricted feet. We conclude that Toki-shigyaku-ka-goshuyu-shokyo-to relieves both pain and coldness in a neuropathic pain model.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: A flexible spectral imaging color enhancement system was installed in new capsule software for video capsule endoscopy. Contrast image capsule endoscopy (CICE) is a novel technology using light-emitting diodes selected for the main absorption range of hemoglobin. We assessed the feasibility and diagnostic effi cacy for small bowel surveillance in patients with polyposis syndromes. METHODS: Six patients with polyposis syndromes, four with familial adenomatous polyposis and one each with Cowden syndrome (CS) and Cronkhite-Canada syndrome (CCS) were examined using CICE. We conducted three evaluations to assess the effect on the numbers of the detected polyps; compare polyp diagnostic rates between adenoma and hamartoma; and assess polyp visibility. RESULTS: The numbers of detected polyps and diagnostic accuracy did not differ signifi cantly between pre-contrast and contrast images. However, 50% of the adenomatous polyps displayed enhanced visibility on contrast images. CICE contrast images exhibited clearly demarcated lesions and improved the visibility of minute structures of adenomatous polyps. Hamartomatous polyp micro-structures in patients with CS and CCS were more clearly visualized on contrast than pre-contrast images. CONCLUSIONS: CICE is an effective tool for enhancing the visibility of polyps in patients with polyposis syndrome.
Absorption ; Adenoma ; Adenomatous Polyposis Coli ; Adenomatous Polyps ; Capsule Endoscopes ; Capsule Endoscopy ; Hamartoma Syndrome, Multiple ; Hemoglobins ; Humans ; Intestinal Polyposis ; Polyps