We experienced five cases of male breast cancer for during the past 10 years from 2002 through 2011, and performed the clinicopathologic study. Male breast cancer accounts for as low as 1.59% of all breast cancers, and the average age at occurrence is 70.4 years. In every case of ours the tumor was located around the nipple with its nodular diameter not exceeding 2.0 cm. By histological types, our case consisted of two papillotubular carcinoma, two solid-tubular carcinoma and one scirrhous carcinoma. Pathological findings showed that all cancers had infiltrated into the surrounding fat tissues of the mammary gland and four of them into the overlying skin. One case of papillotubular carcinoma was diagnosed as neuroendocrine carcinoma. Four cancers examined for ER and PgR were all positive, but all cases for HER2 was negative. There was a tendency for the age and clinical history of breast cancer to be older and longer in men than in women. Information about male breast cancer should be disseminated more widely and more effects toward early detection should be made.

Divers' heart rates were measured under real ocean diving conditions with the purpose of evaluating the workload during SCUBA diving. For the subjects, all-out tests were conducted and evaluated in each of the following conditions: 1. ergometer cycling, 2. ergometer cycling using diving regulator, 3. fin-swimming in a swimming pool with diving equipment. No significant heart rate difference was found between the pre-dive and post dive of each subject; although, in novice divers, high heart rates such as 140/min or more were observed especially during the dive gear wearing phase on the topside and/or floating on the surface phase, suggesting there should be some high heart rate inducing factors, other than the exercise, like stress. Whereas, in the results of the all-out tests, the heart rate for fin-swimming was 16~18 beats/min lower, as well as 5.7~14.2 ml/kg/min lower for VO₂max, as compared to the ergometer cycling. This may suggest that fin-swimming like scuba diving could give a diver some degree of physical load without on increased heart rate.