The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of walking 10,000 steps per day on coronary risks including insulin resistance in Japanese. Twenty-one white-collar male workers (46.1±5.3 year-old) perform preventive lifestyle prescription. After 6 month, they showed improvements in BMI (p<0.05), VLDL (p<0.05), HDL cholesterol (p<0.001), and plasma insulin at 2 hr. post 75 g OGTT (p〈0.05). The participants increased their walk steps from 8,239±4,302 to 10,083±4,115 steps/day (p=0.09), and the increments of steps correlated with those of body mass index (r=−0.58, p<0.05), VLDL (r=−0.57, p<0.05), tryglycerides (r=−0.54, p<0.05), and blood glucose at 1 hr. post OGTT (r=−0.50, p<0.05) respectively. Especially 8 subjects with improved HOMA-R demonstrated more favorable modifications, and their gained 3,900 steps/day can meet the ACSM recommendation of physical activity. These outcomes could support a scientific aspect of anecdotal belief that walking 10,000 steps per day is effective to maintain one's optimum health.

We present here five cases of moyamoya disease-like phenomenon in the elderly patients who had moyamoya vessels in the basal ganglia as a sequela of occlusion of middle cerebral artery (MCA) and/ or anterior cerebral artery (ACA). Ages ranged from 59 to 77 years (mean age: 67.6). Clinical manifestations included transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), reversible ischemic neurological deficits (RINDs) and mild hemiparesis. All the patients were living normal daily lives despite recurrent cerebral ischemic attacks. They had some risks of cerebrovascular disease, such as hypertension, and hyperlipemia. Angiography showed either MCA or ACA occlusion or both. Retrograde leptomeningeal filling of the ischemic region was maintained by the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) and ACA. Obstruction of the intracranial internal carotid artery was not visible. These neuroradiologic findings were not consistent with the criteria for moyamoya disease. The present cases may be related to congenital or acquired abnormalities in the main trunks of cerebral arteries.