No Abstract available.
Ankle* ; Sarcoidosis* ; Tenosynovitis*

No abstract available.
Umbilical Cord*

Takayasu's arteritis is a chronic vasculitic disease of the aorta, its major branches and the pulmonary arteries, resulting in stenosing, occlusive or aneurysmal lesion. While the precise etiology of Takayasu's disease is unknown, an autoimmune mechanism or active tuberculous inflammation have been suggested. It is more common in young oriental women but has a rare incidence in children. We experienced a case of Takayasu arteritis type IV in an 8years old girl. The diagnosis was made by physial examination and digital substraction aortography(DSA) which showed narrowing of left common carotid artery, right subclavin artery and left renal artery. The perfusion defect at posterior segment of right upper lobe was noted in lung perfusion scan. Medical treatment and percutaneous transluminal angioplasty(PTA) were performed. In addition to case report, a brief review of literature was added.
Aneurysm ; Angioplasty* ; Aorta ; Arteries ; Carotid Artery, Common ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Inflammation ; Lung ; Perfusion ; Pulmonary Artery ; Renal Artery ; Takayasu Arteritis*

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of video feedback training for the parents of autistic spectrum disorder children. METHOD: Ten Autistic spectrum disorder children and their mothers participated in this training. Twenty minutes play times were videotaped including free play time and chosen play time. After one session, watching videotape, the researcher analyzed the relation of the children and their mother and had a feedback training with the mother of child. RESULTS: The child's responses to the mother's start actions had significant differences (p<0.05). The language responses of children increased in the organized environment of chosen play. Language responses increased but negative actions and no responses reduced when mother encouraged child centered play rather than mother engaged in children's play directly. In log sector model, mother's responses according to the play type had meaningless difference (p0.05). But in division analysis mother's responses to child's start action had meaningful difference in pre/post treatment and play type. CONCLUSION: The effects of video feedback training of autistic spectrum disorder children's parents were positive. Through this investigation the interaction and the communication with autistic spectrum disorder children and their parents are influenced positively.
Child ; Humans ; Language Development* ; Mothers ; Parents* ; Videotape Recording

The authors report series of 360 cases of transthoracic fine-needle aspiration cytology (TFNA) from Oct. 1982, through Aug. 1986 at the Seoul National University Hospital. A diagnosis of neoplastic lesion was established in 50.3% of the cases. A non-neop- lastic diagnosis was made in 38.5%, nondiagnostic one in 6.5% and inadequate one in 4.7% of the total. Statistical findings on cytological diagnoses were as follows. Specificity was 100%: sensitivity, 92%; predictive value for positive, 1.0: predictive value for negative, 0.9; concordance rate, 84.2%: diagnostic accuracy in non-neoplastic lesion, 65.4%, and typing accuracy in malignant tumor, 0.77.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Diagnosis ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA* ; Immunoglobulin A* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Seoul

PURPOSE: Henoch-Sch nlein purpura(HSP) is a common pediatric disease presenting most frequently with skin, gastrointestinal, joint and renal manifestations. The prognosis of HSP is mainly determined by the involvement of the kidney, but prognostic markers have not been established. We evaluated the patients who have HSP nephritis with nephrotic syndrome. METHOD: Clinical manifestations and laboratory findings were observed and analyzed in 34 cases with HSP which were manifested by nephrotic syndrome, hospitalized at Kyung Hee university Hospital during the period from Jan. 1990 to Dec. 1998. RESULTS: 1) Male to female ratio was 1.3:1, and mean age at onset was 8.3 year. 2) Mean duration from symptom onset to renal biopsy was 10.5 weeks. 3) Proportion of patients presenting with acute nephritis was 32.4%, gross hematuria 17.6%, microscopic hematuria 50%. 4) The findings of renal biopsy were 20 cases of grade II, 11 cases of grade III, 2 cases of grade I, 1 case of grade IV according to classification by ISKDC. 5) Patients with grade I were recovered with no residual defect, but patients with grade IV shows active renal disease(states C). CONCLUSION: Among the patients with Henoch-Sch nlein purpura accompanying nephrotic syndrome, more aggressive treatment might be needed in patients showing crescents formation on renal biopsy. A prospective study will be needed to explore the progression of this disease.
Biopsy ; Classification ; Female ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Joints ; Kidney ; Male ; Nephritis* ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; Prognosis ; Purpura ; Skin

Rectosigmoid vaginoplasty is a frequently used surgical method in male-to-female sex reassignment surgery. However, severe side effects, such as sepsis, may occur owing to stricture, mucorrhea, and rectovaginal fistula. Herein, we present the case of a 29-yearold patient who underwent complete reconstruction of an obstructed rectosigmoid vaginal orifice. The patient had undergone male-to-female sex reassignment surgery with rectosigmoid vaginoplasty 8 years previously. The vaginal introitus was completely obstructed, and mucous secretions of the rectum remained in the blind pouch. Therefore, she developed several complications, including panperitonitis, sepsis, and repeated obstruction. We performed complete resection of the scar and reconstructed the orifice of the neovagina using a pudendal thigh island flap. The patient’s lifethreatening condition subsided with the successful release of the vaginal orifice. Vaginal orifice stricture is a frequent complication of rectosigmoid vaginoplasty. A pudendal thigh flap can be used to effectively and safely release this stricture and reconstruct the neo-orifice of the rectosigmoid vagina without recurrence.

Cryptococcal meningitis is a rare complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The nonspecific neurologic findings associated with this infection delays accurate diagnosis because initial neuropsychiatric manifestations of SLE are in instances indistinguishable from that of crytococcal meningitis. We report a case of cryptococcal meningitis presenting with unilateral sixth cranial nerve palsy in a male patient with SLE, which was successfully treated with antifungal agents.
Abducens Nerve Diseases/*etiology ; Adult ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/*complications ; Male ; Meningitis, Cryptococcal/*etiology

Bifidobacteria is one of the prototypes of probiotics bacteria, normally inhabitating the intestinal tract of humans. To search for a potent immunoregulatory Bifidobacteria strain, we screened the Bifidobacteria strains isolated from the feces of healthy Korean children. The mRNA or protein expression of an anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10, from mouse macrophages stimulated with live Bifidobacteria was examined. Of tested strains, Bifidobacteria A28 induced the highest IL-10 gene expression of murine macrophages. To probe immunoregulatory activity of the selected strain on the mice, we evaluated the proportional changes of CD4+CD25+ surface marker in the murine splenocytes. Flow cytometric analysis showed that the overall percentages of CD4+CD25+ cells in A28-treated splenocytes were higher than those of untreated splenocytes. In parallel, IL-10 release from A28-treated mouse peritoneal macrophages and splenocytes was significantly higher than that of untreated control cells. Collectively, the Bifidobacteria A28 strain isolated from the feces of healthy Korean children augments the mRNA or protein expression of IL-10 release from mouse peritoneal macrophages as well as the proportion of CD4+CD25+ cells of naive splenocytes. These provide in vitro scientific clues that Bifidobacteria A28 might be usable for anti-inflammatory disease such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
Animals ; Bacteria ; Child ; Feces ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ; Interleukin-10 ; Macrophages ; Macrophages, Peritoneal ; Mice ; Probiotics ; RNA, Messenger ; Sprains and Strains

Thoracic foreign bodies (FBs) are serious and relatively frequent in emergency departments. Thoracic FBs may occur in association with aspiration, ingestion, trauma, or iatrogenic causes. Imaging plays an important role in the identification of FBs and their dimensions, structures, and locations, before the initiation of interventional treatment. To guide proper clinical management, radiologists should be aware of the radiologic presentations and the consequences of thoracic FBs. In this pictorial essay, we reviewed the optimal imaging settings to identify FBs in the thorax, classified thoracic FBs into four types according to their etiology, and reviewed the characteristic imaging features and the possible complications.