Objective To investigate the correlation between gut microbiota and hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection at different stage. Methods 84 patients aged 25 ~ 40 were enrolled in the study,the ALT,AST and HBV antigens and antibodies qualitatively detected. Then they were divided into four groups based on HBV related antigens and antibodies qualitative detection according to guideline for chronic HBV infection:48 in the protective antibody positive group where vaccine injection was performed for producing protective antibodies ,14 in the HBV recovery group 9 in chronic HBV infection group And 13 in antibody negative group where vaccine injection was done. Their fecal samples were collected and total DNA were extracted and subjected to enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequence polymerase chain reaction(ERIC-PCR). After ERIC-PCR,gel electrophoresis and genetool software were used to analyse the differences in the amount of bands and the position of main bands between groups. Results The amounts of bands in the antibody negative and chronic HBV infected groups were significantly smaller than the protective antibody group and HBV recovery group. The position of main band in the protective antibody group and HBV recovery group were wildly spread within groups ,and most main bands in the HBV recovery group were above 282 bp. The main bands in the antibody negative and chronic HBV infected groups were centralized in 60 ~ 70 bp. Conclusions Compared with the protective antibody group and HBV recovery group ,the richness of gut microbiota in the antibody negative and chronic HBV infected groups are significantly decreased and lack of microbiota above 200 bp in ERIC-PCR.

Objective To investigate the change of the carotid artery function in the end-stage renal disease(ESRD)patients using high-frequency ultrasound.Methods 60 cases(30 cases of hemodialysis patients,30 cases of non-dialysis patients)of ESRD patients and 30 cases of control persons with normal renal function were checked by the high-frequency color Doppler ultrasonography.Two-dimentional ultrasound was used to observe the intima-mediathickness(IMT);M-mode ultrasound was used to record the movement extent change between systolic and diastolic period of the anterior and the posterior wall of common carotid artery;the diameters of systolic and diastolic period,the stiffness index,distensibility and compliance,acceleration and deceleration which were corrected with pluse pressure and heart rates(ACi and DCi),were calculated.Results Compared with the control group,the ESRD groups have thicker IMT,higher stiffness index,lower disensibility,compliance,ACi and DCi in each ESRD group(?0.05).IMT correlated with stiffness index,distensibility,compliance,ACi and DCi.Conclusion High-frequency ultrasound plays an important role in evaluating change of the carotid artery function in ESRD patients.

Objective To study HBeAg change in patients infected hepatitis B virus(HBV) with pre-C signal enzyme cleavage site mutation. Methods Mutation in pre-C signal enzyme cleavage site was detected by PCR-RFLP. The PreC/C gene with mutation was amplified by PCR and was cloned to EB viral eukarotic expression vector. Then transfect the vector with wild type or mutant PreC/C gene to HepG2 cell. SEAP reporter system was used to monitor the efficiency of transfection. HBeAg and its precursor in the supernatant and HepG2 cell were detected by ELISA and Western blot. Results HBeAg was positive in the supernatant of wild type and negative control in T1862 vaniant by ELISA. In HepG2 cell transfected with wild type, three proteins were detected by Western blot, they were HBeAg(17 000) and two HBeAg precursor(22 000 and 25 000). And in HepG2 cell transfected T1862 vaniant, only two HBeAg precursor was detected. The precursor in cells transfected withT1862 vaniant were significantly stronger than cells transfected with wild type. Conclusion Mutation in pre-C signal enzyme cleavage site may affect the decoration of HBeAg, which may cause great of HBeAg precursor locating in cells and lead to HBeAg negative in serum of patients infected with HBV.

Objective To observe the relationship between morphological and hemodynamic changes of female internal genital organs in the patients with hypomenorrhea with transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound (TVCDS). Methods Thirty female patients with hypomenorrhea of unknown origin were studied, and 30 healthy women of eumenorrhea aged 20 to 40 years were selected as control group. The size and shape of uterus, ovaries, and the thickness of endometria of uterus were observed with TVCDS in follicular phase, ovulation phase, luteal phase and luteal atrophy phase, respectively. Hemodynamic parameters of ovarian artery, uterus artery and their branches were measured. At the same time, hormones of female were examined in 30 patients in follicular phase, ovulation phase and luteal atrophy phase, respectively. Results ①No difference of the size of uterus and ovaries, the thickness of endometria and the amount of egg follicles was found between two groups (P＞0.05). ②Compared with that in the control group, type C of endometria increased in hypomenorrhea group (P＜0.05). ③RI, PI and S/D of spiral arteries in hypomenorrhea group were higher than those in control group, but no significance in these parameters of uterine arteries, arcuate arteries and radiate arteries was found. RI of uterine arteries, arcuate arteries and radiate arteries decreased successively. ④RI, PI and S/D of ovarian arteries in hypomenorrhea group was higher than those in control group in ovulation phase (P＜0.05). Conclusion Reduction in blood supply of ovary and endometria may be the causes of hypomenorrhea with unknown origin. TVCDS can be used as a conventional examination method for these patients.

Case-oriented Workshop training mode is a professional training method which has been highly praised by anesthesiologists in recent years. It is of great significance to stimulate the participation of anesthesiologists and strengthen the application of the extended focused assessment with sonography for trauma (EFAST) in perioperative anesthesia management. The training of EFAST is divided into two stages: the first stage is about the relevant knowledge of EFAST and watching standardized operations on site, and the second stage is for each trainee to practice the operations under the guidance of the teacher until they can complete them independently. The EFAST adopts Workshop training mode, and the trainees can complete the target area scanning in about 90 seconds on average. It can maximize the training effectiveness and comprehensively improve the trainees' mastery of knowledge and skills in an all-round way. It is a training mode worthy of promotion in anesthesiology department.

OBJECTIVETo perform cytogenetic analysis for children, especially newborns suspected for chromosome abnormalities.

METHODSPeripheral blood or born marrow specimens were respectively cultured in proper media. Karyograms were analyzed following G-banding.

RESULTSOf 154 blood specimens, numerical chromosomal abnormalities were identified in 20 patients, which included 19 with trisomy 21. Structural aberrations were identified in 13 patients, among which chromosome 9 aberrations were seen in 6 cases. These included 3 inversions, 1 deletion, 1 insertion and 1 duplication. All aberrations were located in pericentromere region of chromosome 9 with clinical manifestations including congenital heart disease, peculiar facial appearance, paralysis, dysplasia and/or movement disorder. Chromosome polymorphisms were found in 20 patients, most of which had absence of satellites or variation of heterochromatin on chromosome 9. Of 10 bone marrow specimens from children suspected for acute leukemia, chromosome abnormalities were identified in 5 patients.

CONCLUSIONCytogenetic analysis is useful for children featuring multiple congenital abnormalities. Chromosome 9 abnormalities and their clinical relevance should attract more attention.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Chromosome Banding ; Chromosome Disorders ; epidemiology ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9 ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Physical Chromosome Mapping ; Prevalence

Diagnostic Imaging ; Humans ; Liver Diseases ; pathology ; Portal Vein ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo construct a universal, highly attenuated orf virus expression vector for exogenous genes using green fluorescent protein (GFP) as the reporter gene.

METHODSThe flanking regions of the ORFV132 of orf virus DNA were amplified by PCR to construct the shuttle plasmid pSPV-132LF-EGFP-132RF. The shuttle plasmid was transfected into OFTu cells and GFP was incorporated into orf virus IA82Delta 121 by homologous recombination. The recombinant IA82Delta121-V was selected by green fluorescent signal. The deletion gene was identified by PCR and sequencing. The effects of ORFV132 knockout were evaluated by virus titration and by observing the proliferation of the infected vascular endothelial cells in vitro.

RESULTSThe recombinant orf virus IA82Delta121-V was obtained successfully and quickly, and the deletion of ORFV132 did not affect the replication of the virus in vitro but reduced its virulence.

CONCLUSIONGreen fluorescent protein is a selectable marker for rapid, convenient and stable selection of the recombinant viruses. Highly attenuated recombinant orf virus IA82Delta121-V can serve as a new expression vector for exogenous genes.

Cells, Cultured ; Endothelial Cells ; metabolism ; Gene Deletion ; Genes, Reporter ; Genetic Vectors ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Humans ; Orf virus ; Plasmids ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo explore the influences of di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) and its principle metabolite mono(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (MEHP) on spermatogenic cell apoptosis in young male Wistar rats.

METHODSNinety-eight 2-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 14 equal groups to receive daily intragastric administration of 0.2 ml/kg normal saline for 3 weeks (normal control), 100 mg/kg cyclophosphamide (CTX) for 1 week (positive control), 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg DEHP or MEHP for 1 week, or 100 mg/kg DEHP or MEHP for 1, 2, and 3 weeks. After the treatments, the pathological changes of the testicular tissues were examined, spermatogenic cell apoptosis was detected, and serum sex hormones levels were measured using TUNEL assay or radioimmunoassays.

RESULTSCTX, DEHP, and MEHP all caused shrinkage, development retardation and quantitative reduction of spermatogenic cells with and mitochondrial swelling vacuolar changes. The damage of spermatogenic cells increased significantly with the increment of DEHP and MEHP doses and exposure time. Both DEHP and MEHP treatments resulted in significantly increased cell apoptosis index (AI) in close correlation with the exposure doses and duration (P<0.01). DEHP and MEHP treatments also significantly increased serum levels of follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone and decreased testosterone levels in a dose- and time-dependent manner (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONDEHP and MEHP can induce obvious apoptosis of spermatogenic cells in young male rats with a dose- and time-dependent effect.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Diethylhexyl Phthalate ; analogs & derivatives ; toxicity ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Environmental Exposure ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Spermatozoa ; cytology ; drug effects

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) currently has been widely used in various medical fields, such as tissue regeneration, wound healing, scar repair, skin and hair regeneration etc..PRP is rich in platelets, growth factors and other blood components, which can effectively promote tissue repair and healing. However, there is no optimal preparation method and unified standard of composition ratio for PRP, so its clinical application value has not been satisfactorily interpreted yet. In this paper, the preparation and quality standard of PRP were reviewed to provide basis for standardization of RPP in clinical application.