Objective To better understand the treament effect of postexposure after biting by dogs and other animals in,Cixi city,and to provide evidence for rabies control.Methods The people,who were bitten by dogs and other animals,were investigated.All related information was collected such as the date and site of bite,animal species,postexposure treatment including vaccination and anti-rabies serum or human anti-rabies immune globulin.Results Total 21,504 cases had received the postexposure treatment from January to September in 2007.Among 21,504 people,95% were attributed to dog bites.62% of people had received the treatment within 12 hours after exposure.All people had received five doses of vaccine.Total 783 people had been administered anti-rabies serum.Furthermore,no sever side effect and rabies cases occurred among these people.Conclusions The injury caused by dogs was still a major potential factor to cause rabies in the rabies endemic area.The timely and correct postexposure treatment with good quality of vaccine could prevent from rabies.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of Xueshuantong combined with the conventional treatment and the impact on fibrinogen (FIB) and D-dimer in the patients at acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD).Meth-ods:Totally 218 cases of AECOPD inpatients were divided into the observation group and the control group randomly .The control group received the conventional therapy , while the observation group was intravenously treated with 250 mg Xueshuantong lyophilized powder dissolved in 250 ml 10%glucose injection additionally .The treatment course was 14 days.The changes of FEV 1 , FEV1/FVC, FIB and D-dimer in the two groups after the treatment were compared , and then the clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated . Results:After the treatment, the levels of FEV1 , FEV1/FVC, FIB and D-dimer in the two groups were significantly improved when compared with those before the treatment , and the changes in the observation group were more significant than those in the control group (P<0.05).The total effective rate of the control group was 80.73%, and that of the observation group was 89.91% (P<0.05). Conclusion:Anticoagulant therapy using Xueshuantong on the basis of the conventional therapy can significantly reduce the amount of fibrinogen and D-dimer serum fiber in AECOPD patients , which is helpful to improving the hypercoagulable and fibrinolysis state and the lung function of AECOPD patients .

Objective To manifest the angiogenic effect and heart function improvement of transplantation therapy through the experiments of porcines. Methods The coronary arteries of porcines were ligated to create myocardial infarction and then the bone marrow mononuclear cells were injected into the coronary artery. Three weeks after transplantation the heart function was measured by echocardiography and left ventricular angiography. The myocardial blood perfusion was measured by single photon emission computerized tomography. The number of microvessels was also counted. Results After the injection of bone marrow mononuclear cells, left ventricular angiography showed the increasing of dP/dt. The myocardial blood perfusion measured by single photon emission computerized tomography increased. Collateral vessels occurred, and the number of vessels was higher than that of the control (56.6?11.7/mm2 vs. 37.2?8.4/mm2,P

Objective To study the effect of p50 on IKKα at IL-1β promoter in LPS tolerant cells and to reveal the mechanism of the inhibition of IL-1β mRNA by pS0. Methods THP-1 human promono-cyte model of endotoxin tolerance that simulates the sepsis leukocyte phenotype was used. Chromatin immu-noprecipitation assay(CHIP) and real-time PCR were applied to quantify the binding of p50 and IKKα to IL-1βpromoter. IL-1β mRNA transcription was studied after knocking-down of p50 and/or IKKα. Results With LPS stimulation, p50 binding did not reduce but somewhat increased at IL-1β promoter in tolerant THP-1 cells. Knocking-down of p50 increased the transcription of IL-1β mRNA, which revealed the inhibi-tory effect of p50 in tolerant cells. In contrast, the accumulation of IKKα to IL-1β promoter decreased with LPS stimulation in tolerant cells; However, IKKα binding increased after p50 gene knock-down. In the meantime, IL-1β mRNA transcription increased; At last, IL-1β mRNA decreased again after double-knoc-king down of p50 and IKKα. Conclusion p50 is an inhibitory protein at IL-1β promoter in tolerant THP-1 cells. The unresponsiveness of IL-1β mRNA transcription to LPS at least partly results from the inhibition of IKKα binding to IL-1β promoter by p50.

OBJECTIVE:To study the inhibition effects of tranilast on hypertrophic scar tissue of rabbits and its mechanism. METHODS:Rabbits were selected to induce hypertrophic scar(HS)model,the HS model rats were randomly divided into model control group (normal saline),tranilast low-dose,medium-dose,high-dose groups (0.3,0.5,0.7 mg/kg),6 rabbits in each group,local intradermaly injected corresponding drugs. Scar thickness 1 h before injection and the first,third,fifth week after in-jection in each group were measured,pathological changes of scar(fifth week after injection)were observed,transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1),α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA)mRNA and protein expression were detected. RESULTS:Compared with 1 h before injection,scar thickness of rabbits in other groups were decreased after injection except for model control group. In fifth week after injection,compared with model control group,scar thickness of rabbits in other groups were decreased,pathological changes were improved;TGF-β1,α-SMA mRNA and protein expression were decreased (P<0.05),showing positive correlation with tranilast dose. CONCLUSIONS:Tranilast can inhibit the formation of hypertrophic scar,and the mechanism may be related to inhibiting the TGF-β1,α-SMA mRNA and protein expression.

Objective To study the impact of therapy strategy on outcomes of patients suffering from severe sepsis and/or septic shock. Method A total of 195 patients diagnosed as severe sepsis or septic shock were enrolled for prospective study from June 2008 to December 2009. Patient's clinical manifestation,treatments and outcomes were studied by using SSC database. Patients were divided into control group and treatment group. In control group, patients enrolled from June 2008 to December 2008, were treated with conventional medical care In treatment group, patients enrolled from January 2009 to December 2009 were treated with a novel algorithm of mandatory treatment for sepsis In-hospital mortality of two groups was compared. SPSS15.0 software was used for analysis of data. Chi-square test and unpaired t-test were used for comparisons between groups. Results Compared to the control group The need for blood lactate test was significantly grown in treatment group [98.2% (115/117) versus 2.56% (2/78), P ＜ 0.001]. Antibiotics was administered to 69.2% (81/117) patients of treatment group within 3 hours after their arrival at the emergency department compared to 35.8% (28/78) in the control group (P ＜ 0. 001). Blood cultures made before antibiotics given were 47.9% (56/117) in the treatment group compared to the control group 25.6%(20/78), P = 0. 003. The rate of fluid resuscitation was 80.3% (53/66) in the treatment group and 27%(10/37) in the control group, P ＜0.001. The rate of CVP (8 mmHg was 27.3% (18/66) in the treatment group and 8.1% (3/37) in the control group, P = 0. 023. In-hospital mortality was 29.1% (34/117) in the treatment group and 44.8% (35/78) in the control group, P =0. 032. Conclusions The algorithm of mandatory treatment for sepsis improved the therapeutic efficacy of the treatment for severe sepsis and septic shock, decreasing in-hospital mortality.

Objective To clarify the role of cardiomyocyte apoptosis in cardiac function after transplantation of bone marrow cells. Methods A mycardial infarction model was induced in SD rats by left anterior descending artery ligation. 5?106 of bone marrow mononuclear cells were injected into peri-infarct zone (BMT group). In 4 or 8 weeks post-infarct, apoptosis of cardiomyocytes and expression of Bcl-2/Bax protein were determined by TUNEL or immunohistochemistry. Cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography (UCG). Results TUNEL results indicated that apoptosis index of peri-infarct zone from the BMT group was reduced significantly when compared with the control group (4 wk: 0.094?6?0.017 vs 0.173?0.018, P

Objective To explore the effect of valasartan, an angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 (AT 1) receptor antagonist, on the plasma levels of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in patients with essential hypertension. Methods 29 outpatients with essential hypertension were treated with valasartan 80mg/day for 6 weeks. 28 age-matched normal blood pressure people were taken as controls. The plasma levels of CGRP were measured in all patients before and after treatment and in controls. Results The plasma levels of CGRP in hypertensive patients were significantly lower than those in controls (minimal value: 0.00 vs 39.95pg/ml; maximal value: 24.07 vs 155.59pg/ml; P

Objective To evaluate the effects of delayed transplantation of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) after myocardial infarction (MI) on the expressions of bcl-2/bax mRNA and proteins in myocardial cells, and to explore the possible mechanism of cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Methods The MI rat model was reproduced by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery. Two weeks later 5?106 of BM-MNCs were injected into the infarct zone and the peri-infarct zone (BMT group). TUNEL was used to determine the cardiomyocyte apoptosis, immunohistochemical method was employed to detect the expressions of bcl-2 and bax protein, and the technique of hybridization in situ was applied to assess the changes in of bcl-2/bax mRNA expression. Results TUNEL results indicated that apoptosis index of BMT group was lowered significantly compared with the control group (4 weeks: 0.095?0.017 vs 0.173?0.018; 8 weeks: 0.0916?0.014 vs 0.182?0.015, P

Nitrogen removal techniques based on Anammox process are developing rapidly these years. The distribution and diversity of Anammox have become important research directions. A variety of Anammox have been detected till now, of which only Kuenenia and Brocadia are often detected in wastewater treatment systems. In addition, in a single niche there is only one type of Anammox bacteria. However, the distribution mechanism and transformation of Anammox bacteria in different niches are still ambiguous. Therefore, the distribution of Anammox in various conditions was summarized and analyzed in this article. And the key factors influencing the distribution of Anammox were concluded, including substrate concentration and the specific growth rate, sludge properties and microbial niche, the joint action and influence of multiple factors. The engineering significance research on the distribution and influencing factors of Anammox bacteria in the sewage system and proposed research prospects were expounded.
Ammonia ; chemistry ; Anaerobiosis ; Bacteria ; Nitrogen ; chemistry ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; Sewage ; microbiology ; Waste Disposal, Fluid ; Waste Water