BACKGROUND: Spicy food consumption has been reported to be inversely associated with mortality from multiple diseases. However, the effect of spicy food intake on the incidence of vascular diseases in the Chinese population remains unclear. This study was conducted to explore this association. METHODS: This study was performed using the large-scale China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) prospective cohort of 486,335 participants. The primary outcomes were vascular disease, ischemic heart disease (IHD), major coronary events (MCEs), cerebrovascular disease, stroke, and non-stroke cerebrovascular disease. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to assess the association between spicy food consumption and incident vascular diseases. Subgroup analysis was also performed to evaluate the heterogeneity of the association between spicy food consumption and the risk of vascular disease stratified by several basic characteristics. In addition, the joint effects of spicy food consumption and the healthy lifestyle score on the risk of vascular disease were also evaluated, and sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the reliability of the association results. RESULTS: During a median follow-up time of 12.1 years, a total of 136,125 patients with vascular disease, 46,689 patients with IHD, 10,097 patients with MCEs, 80,114 patients with cerebrovascular disease, 56,726 patients with stroke, and 40,098 patients with non-stroke cerebrovascular disease were identified. Participants who consumed spicy food 1-2 days/week (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.95, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = [0.93, 0.97], P <0.001), 3-5 days/week (HR = 0.96, 95% CI = [0.94, 0.99], P = 0.003), and 6-7 days/week (HR = 0.97, 95% CI = [0.95, 0.99], P = 0.002) had a significantly lower risk of vascular disease than those who consumed spicy food less than once a week ( Ptrend <0.001), especially in those who were younger and living in rural areas. Notably, the disease-based subgroup analysis indicated that the inverse associations remained in IHD ( Ptrend = 0.011) and MCEs ( Ptrend = 0.002) risk. Intriguingly, there was an interaction effect between spicy food consumption and the healthy lifestyle score on the risk of IHD ( Pinteraction = 0.037). CONCLUSIONS Our findings support an inverse association between spicy food consumption and vascular disease in the Chinese population, which may provide additional dietary guidance for the prevention of vascular diseases.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Prospective Studies ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Vascular Diseases/etiology* ; Risk Factors ; China/epidemiology* ; Adult ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Cerebrovascular Disorders/epidemiology* ; East Asian People

Objective To investigate the hepatic hemodynamic characteristics of cirrhotic patients with splenectomy using iodine map of dual-source computed tomography(DSCT).Methods Twenty-four cirrhotic patients with splenectomy were selected as a study group,41 cirrhotic patients without splenectomy as a cirrhosis group and other 32 patients with normal liver as a control group.The iodine concentration(IC)in hepatic arterial and venous phases was measured on the iodine map,and the arterial iodine fraction(AIF)and portal venous iodine concentration(PVIC)were calculated.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were plotted and the area under the curve(AUC)was recorded to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of each parameter using the DeLong test.Results IC in arterial phase and AIF were significantly higher,and IC in venous phase and PVIC were significantly lower in study group(P<0.05).The AUC values of the four parameters between study group and cirrhosis group were 0.735,0.992,0.943,and 0.994,respectively.Conclusion DSCT iodine map is helpful for clinical quantitative assessment of hepatic hemodynamic characteristics in cirrhotic patients with splenectomy,and the PVIC has optimal independent diagnostic performance.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality standard for Maikang mixture. METHODS:TLC was used for the qualitative identification of Paeonia lactiflora,Angelica sinensis,Ligusticum chuanxiong,Astragalus membranaceus,Schisandra chinensis and Ophiopogon japonicus. HPLC was used for the content determination of schisandrin:the column was Kromasil C18 with mobile phase of methanol-water (60∶40,V/V) at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,detection wavelength was 254 nm,column temperature was 40 ℃,and the infection volume was 20 μl. RESULTS:P. lactiflora,A. sinensis,L. chuanxiong,A. membranaceus,S. chinensis and O. japonicus showed clear spots and well separated. The linear range of schisandrin was 1-50 μg/ml (r=0.999 9);RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were lower than 2%;recovery was 97.01%-98.58%(RSD=0.56%,n=6). CONCLU-SIONS:The established standard can be used for the quality control of Maikang mixture.

OBJECTIVEThis paper is aimed to explore the adverse reaction condition of Shuanghuangli an injection with three common used signal detecting methods based on SRS database of Jiangsu province, and to evaluate the performance of three methods.

METHODThree methods would be used to detect the signals based on the SRS database of Jiangsu province. Consistency of the results of these three methods with that proved in descriptions was evaluated by Kappa test. The trend graph of the confidence intervals of several time points was used to demonstrate the trend of the signal.

RESULTThe PRR method was consistent with ROR method in high degree in any situation. The results of BCPNN method was close to PRR and ROR method only when the related report count was larger. PRR and ROR methods had higher false positive rate than BCPNN method.

CONCLUSIONPRR or ROR method is proposed for signal detecting when the report count is large. BCPNN method is proposed for trend demonstration of signal with graph.

Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems ; Data Mining ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; Humans

Objective To design an intramedullary nail that had the same ends and could be connected to hairline pointer and employ it to fixate mid-shaft clavicular fractures. Methods Sixty adult clavicles and five fresh adult cadaveric clavicles were employed to measure full length, angle between lateral and middle segments, angle between middle and medial segments as well as the narrowest outer and inner diameters of the clavicle. The interlocked intramedullary nail with the same structure of two ends was designed and used to fixate mid-shaft clavicular fractures. The nail was inserted in retrograde manner and locking screws could be inserted at beth ends. Results The full length, angle between lateral and middle segments, angle between middle and media] segments as well as the narrowest outer and inner diameters of the clavicle were (14.82 ± 1.15) cm, 30°, 30°, (1.00±0.16) cm and (0.50± 0. 18) cm respectively. After conversely placing guide pin from the fracture end, expanding medullary cavity and adjusting the nail, the designed nail was inserted into the medullary cavity from the distal or proximal ends of the clavicle, which was locked by interlocked screws. Conclusions Self-made nail takes advantages of less surgical invasion, visible fracture reduction and stable fracture fixation for treatment of mid-shaft clavicular fractures. While the biomechanieal properties of the nail need further investigation.